Symptoms of high blood sugar in women. Natural causes of increased glucose levels. The main signs of high blood sugar

A high glycemic index or a sudden increase in the amount of dextrose in the circulatory system causes a pathology such as xerostomia, with the regular occurrence of which a man or woman should definitely be concerned about their condition, find out additional signs of high blood sugar and make an appointment with a therapist for advice. Symptoms of high blood sugar are alarming preconditions for diseases of the endocrine system and disorders of its functions.

What is high blood sugar

Excessive dextrose content is a dangerous situation in which the concentration of a substance exceeds the norm. The main reasons for this change may be insulin-dependent or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, dysfunction of the endocrine system, problems with excess weight, alcoholism, and smoking. Without proper treatment, hyperglycemia will lead to ketoacidosis, microangiopathy, decreased immunity, and in particularly severe cases, hyperglycemic coma. According to statistical studies, endocrinologists were able to establish the normal range before and after eating foods:

Diabetes mellitus is the main disease associated with an increase in glucose due to a small amount of insulin. This dangerous disease may be acquired or hereditary. Diabetes is accompanied by a decrease in the ability to heal wounds, which can cause the formation of ulcers, and then trophic ulcers. In both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, hormonal medications are used, which, thanks to insulin, reduce the level of dextrose.

Symptoms of high blood sugar

Problems with the urinary system, abnormalities in the functioning of the stomach, deterioration of brain function, weight loss, emotional instability - all this constitutes the main symptoms of increased levels of dextrose. It is important to know how this disease manifests itself at the beginning of its development in order to begin correct treatment in time. Signs of high blood sugar in adults are a signal to contact a qualified physician as soon as possible.

First signs

The first symptoms of high blood sugar are determined by severe dryness of the oral mucosa and viscous saliva, since glucose has the ability to remove water from cells. Next, excess fluid enters the extracellular space and begins to be actively filtered by the kidneys, which causes frequent urination (polyuria). Once water leaves the cells, it can no longer nourish them, which will cause deterioration of the hair condition or the development of skin diseases. Without proper drug therapy, the condition can worsen significantly, leading to the death of the patient.

Feeling good with high blood sugar

Patients feel the first signs of high blood sugar - tingling in the hands, it becomes difficult for them to concentrate their attention on anything for a long time. Impairments in sexual activity and vision may occur. A person with an increased glycemic index experiences constant thirst and hunger, thereby provoking weight gain and swelling of the limbs. Excess glucose in the body affects the incorrect functioning of the membranes of the brain, gastrointestinal tract and urinary system.

Symptoms of a sharp increase in blood sugar

A spontaneous increase in sugar causes dehydration, furunculosis, polyphagia (increased appetite), erethism, and weakness. At night, the number of urination increases. In addition, excess glucose is accompanied by constant fatigue, itching and relapse of infections of various etiologies. A feeling of numbness and muscle spasms of the lower extremities are characteristic symptoms of hyperglycemia.

How does high blood sugar manifest?

Like any pathological condition, hyperglycemia is accompanied by clinical as well as psychosomatic symptoms. Based on a person's appearance and behavior, one can make assumptions about diabetes. The patient is constantly irritated, prone to causeless anxiety, and without proper treatment, acute psychosis and schizophrenia can develop. Shortness of breath, an unnaturally pale face, the smell of acetone, excess weight are clear signs of problems with glucose. Depending on gender and age, characteristic signs of high blood sugar may appear.

Among women

Representatives of the fairer sex in the modern world are forced to constantly work, so they rarely pay attention to changes in well-being. Candidiasis is the most common sign indicating problems with glycemic balance, which is initially mistaken for a separate disease. Hidden types of diabetes are manifested by hypertrichosis of the body, due to the fact that hormones cannot be adequately synthesized by the endocrine glands. There is diabetes in pregnancy, called gestational diabetes, which leads to excessive development of the fetus and problems with childbirth.

In men

In addition to general clinical manifestations, men with high sugar levels suffer from impotence. Problems with hormonal balance and dextrose levels are the main prerequisites for male infertility and an increase in estrogen. Signs of high blood sugar in men are more subtle than symptoms of high blood sugar in women, due to the peculiarities of the genitourinary and hormonal systems.

In children

Children are characterized by a hereditary etiology of diseases associated with sugar balance. Symptoms can manifest themselves throughout the child’s life, but the most dangerous moment is the age of 4-8 years, when the most intense metabolic processes occur. The child does not gain weight, stops growing, and suffers from enuresis. The main signs of high blood sugar in infants are urine leaving whitish spots on the laundry and becoming sticky.

Video

Hyperglycemia is the name given to an increase in blood sugar. High, as well as low, indicators have characteristic manifestations, which will be discussed below.

The optimal blood sugar ratio is considered to be from 3.3 to 5.6 mmol per liter, depending on the identification method. The reasons that provoke such a pathological condition may be different. However, over time, they become a catalyst for the formation of signs of an increased blood sugar ratio.

What explains the increase in blood sugar?

The reasons for this phenomenon may equally be:

diabetes mellitus, which is the most common cause;
tendency to overeat, dominance in the menu of those that are easily digestible;
situations associated with stress;
serious infectious diseases.

This is what affects the process of increasing blood sugar. There is no doubt that in the event of a collision with diabetes mellitus, hyperglycemia will be long-lasting and affect the condition of most organs and systems.

We should look in more detail at what they are in a person’s blood.

What are the symptoms

Signs of high blood sugar levels include:

periodically occurring strong thirst;
feeling of dryness in the mouth;
skin itching;
urinating excessively frequently without any pain (may be a sign of low sugar levels);
polyuria, or a sudden increase in the ratio of excreted urea;
nocturia – urination at night;
weight loss;
migraines and frequent dizziness;
excessive weakness and increased fatigue;
prolonged healing of wounds and even scratches;
frequent infectious diseases (which can also be a symptom of low sugar levels).

These manifestations make it possible to suspect an increase in blood sugar levels.

However, the final diagnosis can be made solely by determining its ratio using laboratory methods.

The severity of the manifestations of high blood sugar is influenced by the severity of the presented condition. Thus, acutely formed hyperglycemia manifests itself more clearly in comparison with chronic hyperglycemia. The acute form can form when consuming an increased amount of carbohydrates due to low dosages of insulin.

High sugar is one of the diseases of diabetes mellitus.

Chronic development of the disease most often occurs in diabetes mellitus due to its insufficient compensation. In this case, the body undergoes an adjustment to increase the blood sugar ratio. Some signs need to be explained for a better understanding of why this disease is formed and how to deal with it in the future.

Periodically occurring thirst is provoked by the fact that glucose is a specifically active substance that attracts water particles to itself.

Thus, with an increase in blood sugar, accelerated neutralization of fluids from the body occurs. To replenish water costs, the body tries to consume the maximum amount of liquid as compensation. This is caused by centralized regulatory mechanisms, in which the initial impulse is sent to the volumo- and baro-receptors.
Migraines, weakness and excessive fatigue are a direct consequence of “starvation” of the brain. This is due to the fact that for the central nervous system (CNS), glucose is one of the few ways to obtain energy.

In the case when its supply to the brain is small, there is a need to switch to another method of acquiring energy, which is caused by fatty oxidation.

Lipid oxidation when modifying the blood glucose ratio can provoke an increased ratio of ketone bodies. Otherwise, this process is called ketonemia. This explains the formation of the smell of acetone in the air during exhalation. As you know, this is also one of the manifestations of a changed blood glucose level.

Energy starvation of cells is also associated with the negative ability of tissues to heal due to hyperglycemia. Slow healing of wounds and scratches in conditions of an increased ratio of glucose, which is the optimal nutrient medium for microscopic organisms, has a positive effect on their attachment and the further development of purulent processes.

Thus, hyperglycemia is a sudden imbalance of bodies in the blood and body, which needs to be treated as quickly as possible.

Otherwise, serious deviations may occur.

Treatment and prevention

Once a diagnosis is made (including for low glucose levels), a course of treatment is prescribed. For this purpose it is possible to use:

diet therapy;
medical supplies;
physical therapy.

The purpose of these therapeutic measures is:

stabilization of disturbed metabolic processes and body weight;
maintaining or restoring the ability of patients to work;
treatment and prevention of vascular complications.

Diet is a mandatory measure for all forms of diabetes.

Curing it is quite problematic, especially type 1 diabetes. Mainly, the treatment process is reduced to the fight against possible complications. Type 2 diabetes is characterized by insulin independence. If it is diagnosed at an early stage, then it is possible to cope with the signs of the disease without insulin.
The treatment process for this disease should be exclusively individual and based on information obtained after diagnosis, as well as the characteristics of each case individually. In addition, treatment must be systemic. After all, the disease is chronic, and therefore it is quite difficult to treat it 100%, but it is possible to learn to live with it by leading a healthy lifestyle.

A high blood glucose level appears when various pathological and physiological changes occur in the body. They are often associated with a fight in carbohydrate metabolism. Therefore, it is important to know what the first signs of high blood sugar are and when medical attention is needed.

Every cell of the human body contains glucose, which is its main source of energy. But sugar is especially necessary for the full functioning of nerve cells and red blood cells.

Normal glucose levels range from 3.3 to 5.5 mmol/l. Concentration is regulated by physiological processes of carbohydrate metabolism and the interaction of the endocrine and nervous systems.

When sugar rises, at first subtle changes will occur in the body, but their peculiarity is that they have a destructive effect on most organs and systems. Therefore, to stay healthy, it is necessary to know the causes and symptoms of high blood sugar.

Why does hyperglycemia occur?

Blood glucose levels may fluctuate slightly during stress or high physical activity. This is explained by the high energy metabolism occurring in the cells. Also, the concentration of sugar increases when a person eats a lot of carbohydrate foods at one time.

Short-term causes of high blood sugar:

severe pain syndrome;
increased temperature due to bacterial or viral infections;
epileptic seizure;
burns;
acute myocardial infarction;
traumatic brain injuries.

In addition to the factors described above, the short-term appearance of hyperglycemia can be provoked by taking medications such as glucocorticosteroids, thiazide diuretics, psychotropic and diuretics, and oral contraceptives.

A prolonged increase in glucose concentration occurs in the following cases:

hormonal disorders caused by pregnancy and endocrinopathy;
gastrointestinal diseases;
inflammation of the endocrine glands (pituitary gland, pancreas, adrenal glands, hypothalamus);
problems with the kidneys, due to which glucose is practically not synthesized.

In addition, one of the common causes of chronic hyperglycemia is diabetes mellitus.

How does high blood glucose affect the body?

Sugar level

The leading signs of hyperglycemia are nocturia (frequent and painful urination at night), poor tissue regeneration, dry mouth and deterioration of visual function. Also, diabetes and other conditions when blood sugar is high are manifested by thirst, fatigue, itching of the skin, weakness, polyuria (large volume of urine excreted), weight loss, dizziness, frequent infections and headaches.

All these signs of high blood sugar indicate hyperglycemia, which is accompanied by a number of complications. But regular use of a glucometer and a series of laboratory tests will help to finally verify its presence.

In addition, the intensity of the above-described manifestations depends on the severity of hyperglycemia. If it develops sharply (consumption of carbohydrates with low insulin levels), it is expressed more clearly than the chronic form of the condition. Often, a long-term increase in sugar concentration is observed in uncompensated diabetes, when the patient’s body adapts to constantly high glucose levels.

You can understand what impact this or that manifestation has if you consider the mechanism of each of them. Thus, thirst occurs due to the fact that sugar is an osmotic substance that attracts water. Therefore, when hyperglycemia occurs, fluid is excreted from the body in an increased volume.

To restore water balance, the body requires large amounts of water. However, the attraction of many water molecules to glucose molecules affects the functioning of the kidneys, which begin to intensively filter incoming substances.

Then frequent urination and severe diuresis occur. At the same time, glucose in the bloodstream binds water molecules, which causes an increase in pressure against the background of swelling.

The appearance of such a symptom as dry mouth is also associated with the osmotic activity of sugar. Moreover, if its level is more than 10 mmol/l, then it is detected in the urine, which makes all the above symptoms more pronounced.

Weight loss is most often observed in type 1 diabetes due to insulin deficiency. In this case, glucose cannot penetrate inside the cell, and the latter experiences severe energy starvation. From this it is concluded that sudden weight loss occurs against the background of disruptions in the body’s energy supply.

With non-insulin-dependent diabetes, the opposite is true. That is, in patients, body weight does not decrease, but rather increases. As a result, insulin resistance appears, that is, the amount of the hormone is produced in sufficient or even excessive quantities, but the receptors responsible for the process of its binding do not work. Because of this, sugar cannot penetrate the cell, but energy starvation does not cover the initial excess of fats.

Fatigue, headaches and malaise occur against the background of energy starvation of the brain, which does not receive the required amount of glucose. As a result, the body has to obtain energy through fat oxidation. However, this process contributes to the development of ketonemia (excess ketone bodies in the bloodstream), which is manifested by the smell of acetone on the breath.

Slow tissue healing is also associated with insufficient energy supply to cells. Poor regeneration against the background of hyperglycemia often leads to the development of purulent and infectious processes in the affected area, since sugar is a breeding ground for pathogens.

In addition, rapid healing is promoted by leukocytes, the functioning of which also depends on glucose.

The lack of the latter leads to the fact that leukocytes cannot eliminate pathogens and they begin to multiply quickly.

How to determine the concentration of glucose in the blood in the laboratory?

The leading way to detect diabetes and sugar levels is a tolerance test. Often such tests are prescribed for overweight patients and patients over 45 years of age.

The study is carried out with the presence of 75 g of glucose. The mechanism of action is as follows:

donating blood on an empty stomach;
then the patient drinks 200 ml of glucose solution;
after 120 minutes, the blood is examined again.

If the result is a violation of tolerance, then fasting glucose levels are 7 mmol/l and 7.8-11.1 mmol/l after taking a glucose solution.

The response to glucose disturbance on an empty stomach is obtained when the concentration varies from 6.1 to 7.0 mmol/l, and after consuming a sweet product it is less than 7.8 mmol/l.

To clarify the results, ultrasound of the pancreas and blood tests for enzymes are often performed. However, even if the patient is given a disappointing diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, it is still possible to normalize glucose levels.

To do this, the patient must follow all medical recommendations and adhere to a special diet.

Nutrition for hyperglycemia

An important factor in controlling glucose concentrations is diet therapy. To this end, it is important to adhere to certain principles.

So, you should eat 5-6 times a day, taking food in small portions at the allotted time. In this case, you need to drink 1-2 liters of water per day.

The diet must include foods that are rich in fiber and all necessary substances, these should be. You also need to eat vegetables and unsweetened fruits every day. In addition, to prevent sugar levels from rising, it is important to avoid salty foods and alcohol.

lean fish and meat;
legumes;
Rye bread;
fermented milk products with a low fat content;
eggs, but no more than two per day;
porridge (oatmeal, rice, buckwheat).

Among berries and fruits, preference should be given to lemons, apples, quinces, pears, lingonberries, blueberries, rowan and cranberries. Regarding vegetables and herbs, you should choose tomatoes, eggplants, lettuce, bell peppers, spinach, radishes, cucumbers, cabbage, onions, celery, garlic, parsley and dill. All products must be cooked by boiling, stewing or steaming.

The consumption of animal fats must be abandoned and replaced with vegetable oils. You should prefer honey and sweeteners, such as fructose, to regular sugar.

mayonnaise and similar sauces;
confectionery, butter and flour products (cakes, pies, pies, sweets, chocolate, etc.);
sweet fruits (grapes, melon, banana, strawberries) and dried fruits;
fatty dairy products (cream, homemade sour cream and milk);
canned food;
smoked meats;
chips, crackers and fast food;
fatty meat and lard.

Sweet carbonated drinks, tea and coffee with sugar are also prohibited. It is better to replace all this with unsweetened natural juices and herbal infusions with the addition of a small amount of honey.

So, even with chronic hyperglycemia, controlling the condition is not easy, but it is possible. However, in advanced cases, diet therapy, giving up bad habits and a proper daily routine are not enough. Therefore, patients have to constantly take sugar-lowering medications. The video in this article will continue the topic of high blood sugar.

Sugar level

Latest discussions.

One of the most important substances that allows our body to function normally is glucose. It is easily processed by the gastrointestinal tract and serves as an indispensable source of energy for brain cells, muscle tissue, and blood. But if glucose levels rise above normal, it can pose a serious health threat.

Increased sugar levels (hyperglycemia) in women can occur under various conditions. It is not always caused by the presence of some disease. Basically, the pathological process is associated with improper carbohydrate metabolism in the body. To find out the causes of high sugar, you need to see a doctor and undergo tests prescribed by a specialist.

Causes of high blood sugar in women

Every cell in the body needs glucose as an energy carrier. Physiological processes of carbohydrate metabolism, balanced functioning of the central nervous system and endocrine system make it possible to keep metabolic processes normal. The normal blood sugar level for women is 3.3-5.5 mmol/l.

Pathological hyperglycemia can be caused by:

cirrhosis of the liver;
infectious hepatitis;
neuroendocrine disorders (obesity, Cushing's disease);
adrenal dysfunction;
tumor formations in the pancreas;
hormone-producing neoplasms;
suffered heart attacks, strokes, injuries.

In women with diabetes, sugar may rise due to non-compliance with the dosage or frequency of taking hypoglycemic drugs, as well as the wrong combination of drugs.

A temporary increase in sugar levels in women can occur with:

pregnancy;
excessive amounts of simple carbohydrates in the diet;
stress;
severe bleeding;
deficiency of vitamins and minerals in the body;
carbon monoxide intoxication.

Glucose levels may rise after taking certain medications:

glucocorticosteroids based on prednisolone;
birth control pills;
beta blockers;
phenothiazines.

Important! If a woman has not had diabetes before and her post-meal sugar levels often show slight hyperglycemia, this may indicate a high risk of developing diabetes in the future.

Forms of hyperglycemia

Based on the etiology of the development of pathology in women, several forms of hyperglycemia are distinguished:

Physiological- occurs in healthy women and is not accompanied by disruption of the functionality of organs and systems. Neurogenic physiological hyperglycemia occurs against the background of stressful situations, and nutritional hyperglycemia occurs as a result of excessive intake of sweets and carbohydrates into the body.
Pathological- develops under the influence of existing diseases.

Based on the concentration of glucose in the blood, there are several degrees of hyperglycemia:

light- glucose level not more than 8.2 mmol/l;
average- no more than 11 mmol/l;
heavy- above 11 mmol/l.

Clinical manifestations of the pathological process

The main signs of high blood sugar are:

strong thirst;
skin itching;
increased diuresis;
polyuria;
weight loss or obesity;
weakness and increased fatigue;
ketonemia;
blurred vision.

To confirm the diagnosis, you need to take a blood sugar test or test at home using a glucometer. The intensity of symptoms depends on the severity of the condition. With sudden hyperglycemia (due to, for example, overeating), the symptoms will manifest themselves more clearly than with chronic hyperglycemia.

Each symptom has its own development mechanisms. Increased thirst occurs due to the osmotic ability of glucose to attract water. When its level increases, fluid begins to be rapidly removed from the body. As compensation, the body reflexively tries to replenish water losses, which is expressed by intense thirst.

The attraction of many water molecules to 1 glucose molecule leads to increased excretion from the body through the kidneys. In this regard, another characteristic sign of hyperglycemia appears - increased diuresis. The binding of water molecules by glucose molecules can lead to hypertension if the fluid does not have time to be eliminated from the body.

If the sugar concentration exceeds 10 mmol/l, it is detected in urine. This increases the symptoms of hyperglycemia.

Weight loss is observed if a woman has a catastrophic deficiency in insulin synthesis. Glucose cannot penetrate the cells, they experience constant energy hunger. As a result, weight loss occurs.

If a woman is overweight, the tissues begin to experience a state of insulin resistance. Insulin is synthesized within normal limits, but the receptors that are supposed to bind it do not work correctly. As a result, glucose cannot enter the cells in the required quantity. But the primary excess of fat does not cover energy hunger. The body tries to obtain energy in another way, associated with lipid oxidation. This increases the content of ketone substances in the body (ketonemia). It is characterized by the release of the odor of acetone when breathing.

Treatment Options

How to lower blood sugar? Symptoms characteristic of elevated glucose levels require mandatory examination. To choose the right treatment, you need to find out what exactly caused hyperglycemia, whether this phenomenon is temporary or permanent.

Often, with short-term, moderate hyperglycemia, nutritional correction, avoidance of stress and moderate physical activity help stabilize sugar levels. If you have diabetes, you need to regularly monitor your glucose level and learn to take timely measures if it increases.

follow a prescribed diet if you have high blood sugar;
use a glucometer to constantly monitor blood sugar, recording the data in a notebook;
perform a special course of exercises;
If signs of elevated sugar levels appear, immediately seek help from a doctor;
if necessary, adjust glucose levels with medications that lower blood sugar (as prescribed by a doctor).

Medications

With a stable increase in sugar levels, the doctor may decide to use medications. These include:

Insulin;
Siofor - stabilizes the body's sensitivity to insulin;
Actos - increases cellular sensitivity to insulin;
Victoza - normalizes appetite.

Diet and nutritional habits

Proper nutrition is one of the main methods of normalizing blood sugar. You need to adhere to a gentle diet, which involves limiting the consumption of carbohydrate foods.

Diet rules for high blood sugar:

steam, boil or bake food;
avoid eating animal fats;
increase intake of fermented milk products;
exclude sweet fruits and sweets with sugar;
drink plenty of fluids a day, preferably water, unsweetened compotes;
exclude coffee, juices.

Prevention measures

To prevent high blood sugar, you need to take measures to prevent the causes of this condition.

Prevention of hyperglycemia includes:

weight normalization;
maintaining proper nutrition;
exclusion of alcohol;
moderate physical activity;
control of blood glucose concentration;
timely diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the endocrine system.

Increased sugar levels in women are not always a sign of diabetes. The presence of signs of hyperglycemia is an alarm bell that cannot be ignored. If high blood sugar becomes chronic, it becomes very dangerous for the body. You need to be examined in time and immediately take the necessary measures to eliminate the problem.

From the following video you can learn how to lower blood sugar at home if your blood sugar levels are elevated:

Hyperglycemia (increased blood sugar levels) occurs with various physiological and pathological changes in the body and this is in most cases associated with impaired carbohydrate metabolism. Therefore, it is important to notice the first signs of increased blood glucose in time and consult a specialist.

All cells of the human body contain sugar (glucose), which is their main source of energy, this is especially important for the normal functioning of red blood cells and nerve cells. In order for the blood glucose level to be within physiological limits (from 3.3 to 5.5 mmol/l), it is regulated by the physiological processes of carbohydrate metabolism and the interaction of the nervous and endocrine systems.

When blood sugar levels rise, at first no changes are felt or the patient does not attach any importance to them, but at the same time destructive changes occur in his body. Therefore, to stay healthy, you need to know what symptoms may appear when blood glucose levels increase.

How do you know if your blood sugar is high?

The main signs that warn of high blood sugar are:

increased frequency of urination with an increase in the amount of urine produced;

constant strong thirst and dry mouth, including at night;

fatigue, lethargy and severe weakness;

nausea, less often vomiting;

persistent headaches;

sudden weight loss;

A sharp deterioration in vision may occur.

If there are significant fluctuations in blood glucose levels:

when it drops below 3.1 mmol/l;

with an increase of more than 30 mmol/l;

Life-threatening conditions may develop, which are manifested by convulsions, respiratory and cardiac problems. Therefore, it is important to consult a doctor promptly if you experience symptoms that may indicate hyperglycemia.

Fatigue may indicate high blood sugar

Causes of high blood sugar

Blood glucose levels may change:

Short-term during physiological processes in the body (increased physical activity, stressful situations), which is associated with an increase in energy metabolism in cells or when consuming large amounts of carbohydrates in food;

Short-term in pathological conditions:

with increased body temperature (viral, bacterial and colds);

with persistent pain syndrome;

for burns;

against the background of the development of an epileptic seizure.

A persistent increase in blood sugar may occur:

in pathological processes of the gastrointestinal tract;

with liver pathology;

for inflammatory diseases of the endocrine glands (pancreas, hypothalamus, adrenal glands and pituitary gland);

with hormonal imbalance due to the development of endocrinopathies and during pregnancy.

Also one of the reasons for a persistent and long-term increase in blood sugar is diabetes mellitus.

Blood sugar may rise due to a stressful situation

Symptoms of high blood sugar

Signs of high blood sugar appear gradually, and in most cases loved ones notice them earlier.

These symptoms may include:

increased appetite (polyphagia) with a constant feeling of hunger and persistent loss of body weight;

drowsiness, blurred vision, severe weakness with irritability and sullenness;

numbness of hands and feet;

the occurrence of skin itching, dermatitis, furunculosis;

slow wound healing;

frequent, recurrent inflammatory diseases of the female genital area (bacterial and fungal vaginal infections, causeless vaginal itching and impotence.

Symptoms of hidden diabetes

Often, an increase in blood sugar occurs without the manifestation of the main symptoms and signs. And patients feel absolutely normal for a long time, but at the same time a latent form of diabetes develops in the body (latent diabetes).

This disease is often diagnosed during preventive examinations or when patients present with other complaints - frequent fatigue, decreased vision or slow healing of wounds and the addition of purulent inflammation.

An increase in blood glucose levels significantly reduces immunity, and the body becomes vulnerable to the development of various infections, and damage to small vessels (microangiopathy) causes disruption of normal tissue nutrition and very slow healing of various damage to the skin and mucous membranes.

Latent diabetes can be detected by performing carbohydrate tolerance tests.

Risk groups for diabetes include:

women suffering from polycystic ovary syndrome;

people with low levels of potassium in the blood, this disease develops especially often in patients with arterial hypertension, due to the fact that increased pressure contributes to frequent urination and the removal of potassium from the body;

patients who are overweight or obese;

with a hereditary predisposition to the development of diabetes;

women who have had a temporary form of diabetes during pregnancy.

If an increase in blood sugar caused by an increase in glucose tolerance (prediabetes) is detected in time and the necessary measures are taken to eliminate it, the development of the disease can be avoided.

How to eliminate signs of high blood sugar?

The presence of signs of increased blood sugar requires timely examination, determination of the cause and the prescription of high-quality treatment, otherwise irreversible changes in tissues and organs may develop in the patient’s body - vascular diseases, neuropathy, sluggish infectious processes, skin diseases, sleep disorders and depressive states.

Therefore, if one or more specific symptoms appear, you should consult a general practitioner, and then an endocrinologist.

This visit will help determine what causes the increase in blood sugar, whether drug therapy, herbal preparations are necessary, or whether it is enough to change your diet and lifestyle. In most cases, the correct approach to nutrition, the elimination of stressful situations and uniform physical activity make it possible to reduce blood sugar to normal levels.

High sugar in diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is manifested by the main clinical symptoms:

dry mouth and thirst (polydipsia);

frequent, excessive urination (polyuria), sometimes exceeding three liters of urine per day;

increased appetite (polyphagia) with progressive weight loss.

Diabetes mellitus or diabetes mellitus is characterized by a long-term persistent increase in blood sugar, and when certain levels are exceeded, glucose appears in the urine.

This disease also manifests itself with additional symptoms - increased fatigue, drowsiness, decreased performance, persistent headaches, irritability, various types of sleep disorders, dizziness, itchy skin, bright red cheeks, night pain in the limbs and cramps of the calf muscles. Numbness of the extremities, paresthesia, attacks, nausea, less often vomiting, cramping abdominal pain, and an increased tendency to inflammatory diseases of the skin, mouth, urinary tract, and kidneys, which often transform into a chronic form, may be observed.

Diabetes mellitus in pregnant women

Hormonal changes occur in a woman's body during pregnancy and this leads to the development of physiological immunity of many tissues to the action of insulin and the development of diabetes mellitus in pregnant women.

This pathological condition is classified as a separate form of diabetes mellitus - gestational diabetes, which is first diagnosed by laboratory parameters during pregnancy and, as a rule, occurs without clinical manifestations.

Therefore, it is especially important to prescribe and monitor blood sugar levels in pregnant women. It is important to remember that with the development of this pathology in the early stages of pregnancy, there may be a danger of the formation of multiple malformations in the fetus (diabetic fetopathy), often incompatible with life, which lead to early miscarriages. With late onset of diabetes mellitus in a pregnant woman and/or in the absence of normalization of elevated blood glucose levels, organic damage to the fetal organs may develop - congenital cataracts, heart defects, cerebral palsy.

Diabetes in pregnant women occurs due to hormonal changes in the body

Pregnant women at risk include:

with a family predisposition (diabetes mellitus in close relatives);

with obesity;

with arterial hypertension;

with a history of chronic miscarriage;

patients whose pregnancy occurs against the background of polycystic ovary syndrome or mastopathy.

Diabetes mellitus in pregnant women most often develops in the period from the 4th to the 8th month of pregnancy, so women at risk need to be examined by an endocrinologist and constantly monitor their blood sugar.

Diabetes mellitus in children

In childhood, a severe form of diabetes develops - type 1 diabetes, and the incidence of this pathology is growing from year to year. Therefore, if there are any signs of increased blood sugar in a child, it is necessary to consult the baby with a doctor and examine the child. The severity of the diagnosis is associated with a long asymptomatic period of diabetes mellitus in childhood and the manifestation of symptoms of the disease in a severe degree with the development of comatose states, damage to the blood vessels of the eyes, nervous system, oral mucosa and skin.