WHO ICD 10 international classification of diseases. International Classification of Diseases (ICD). Further development paths

It was created to unify the process of coding diseases and pathological conditions. As a result, doctors from all over the world are now able to exchange information, even without speaking many languages.

History of the creation of the ICD

The ICD is a classification, the basis of which was laid back in 1893 by Jacques Bertillon, who at that time held the position of head of the Paris Bureau of Statistics. On behalf of the International Statistical Institute, he developed a classification of causes of death. In his work he built on earlier Swiss, French and English works.

Jacques Bertillon's classification of causes of death was generally accepted and widely used in Europe and North America. During the 6th revision in 1948, its structure also included diseases and pathological conditions that do not lead to death.

The modern ICD is a document of the 10th revision, approved by the World Health Assembly in 1990. In fact, practicing doctors began to use it in 1994. In the Russian Federation, the official use of ICD-10 began only in 1997.

Since 2012, scientists have been developing ICD-11, but to date this document has not entered into force.

Features of the structure and basic principles of ICD-10

The 10th version of the international classification of diseases introduced fundamental changes to its structure, the main of which was the use of an alphanumeric coding system.

The ICD-10 classification has 22 classes, which are grouped into the following groups:

epidemic diseases;
general or constitutional diseases;
local diseases, which are grouped according to anatomical characteristics;
developmental diseases;
traumatic injuries.

Some classes include several letter headings at once. The 11th revision of this document is currently underway, but no significant changes are planned in the classification structure.

Composition of the ICD

This international classification consists of three volumes at once:

the first volume includes a basic classification, special lists for summary statistical developments, a section dedicated to the “Morphology of Neoplasms,” as well as nomenclature rules;
the second volume contains clear instructions on how to correctly use ICD-10;
the third volume includes an alphabetical index accompanying the main classification.

Today, these 3 volumes are most often combined and published under 1 cover for user convenience.

Letter rubrics

ICD-10 is an international classification of diseases, and therefore its creators had to come up with unified designations that are understandable to every specialist. For this purpose, it was decided to use headings designated in Latin letters. There are 26 of them in total. At the same time, the creators left the U category for the further development of ICD-10.

The disease codes in this document, in addition to the letter designation, also include a number. It can be two or three digits. Thanks to this, the creators of the ICD were able to encode all known diseases.

Practical use of ICD-10

Deciphering this coding system using the appropriate reference book is absolutely no difficulty not only for medical specialists, but also for people who do not have any medical knowledge. Doctors use ICD on an ongoing basis. Any disease that occurs in their patients is coded according to the international classification. Most often in practice, doctors use them for:

Issuance of medical documents, if necessary, to hide the diagnosis (usually when a person passes a commission to get a job, receives a document confirming that the patient actually saw a doctor).
Filling out medical documentation (extract from medical history, inpatient card).
Filling out statistical reporting documents.

As a result, ICD-10 allows not only the exchange of information between doctors in different countries, but also the preservation of medical confidentiality.

Coding by class

ICD-10 consists of 22 classes. Each of them includes diseases that have general principles of pathogenesis or relate to a specific anatomical area. All classes have their own designation in the form of Latin numbers. Among them:

As for class 22, it is reserved for that group of diseases or pathological conditions that have not yet been established.

Further development paths

ICD-10 is an international classification of diseases that has serious potential for development. Currently, doctors use this document not only in paper form, but also in electronic form. For these purposes, a huge number of thematic websites have been created, and several mobile applications have been developed.

Also, coding according to ICD-10 is included in all electronic medical integration systems, which are currently being actively developed in the countries of the post-Soviet space. Taking into account the availability of the free category U, this classification may in the future include a whole class of new diseases. At the same time, it is now sometimes used by scientists to assign a time code to those diseases and pathological conditions, the cause of which has not yet been fully studied. Distribution into a permanent category in the future occurs after clarifying the main points of the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease. As a result, the ICD is an international classification of diseases, which has every opportunity for further development.

ICD-10 is an abbreviation for the list of international classification of diseases, which underwent the next, tenth revision in 2010. This classification contains codes that designate all diseases known to medicine.

Very often, the diagnosis given to the patient is quite cumbersome, as it contains a whole set of concomitant ailments. For the convenience of its description, ICD-10 is used. Instead of the name of the disease, the corresponding code is entered into the patient’s card, medical history, and most importantly, the documents of the Health Insurance Fund.

What else is ICD 10 (international classification of diseases), what are the main disease codes? Let's talk about this in more detail on this page www.site:

Why is ICD-10 needed?

To ensure a modern, normal level of healthcare, to actively develop medical science, it is necessary to regularly update data on the state of health of the population, to have information about the activities of hospitals, clinics, and other healthcare institutions. To do this, it is necessary to develop information systems, increase their reliability and efficiency. The creation of such systems is impossible without using a code classification of diseases.

This classification is provided by one of the main statistical classification frameworks - the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). It also contains a list of injuries and causes of death. Medical science does not stand still and is actively developing. Therefore, under the leadership of WHO, this system is revised once every 10 years.

Thus, the ICD is a single regulatory document that ensures uniformity and comparability of international methodological approaches and materials to a specific disease.

With the latest, tenth revision of this regulatory document, in addition to the usual, traditional structure of the ICD, an alphanumeric system of certain codes was compiled, which replaced the outdated digital one. The introduction of a new coding seriously expands the capabilities of modern classification. In addition, alphanumeric encoding does not disrupt the digital system during the next revision, which has often happened in the past.

ICD-10 is compiled more optimally than previous classifications. In particular, it expands the grouping of diseases of the eye, ear, as well as the adnexal apparatus and mastoid process. ICD-10 includes some blood diseases in the classification “Diseases of the blood and hematopoietic organs”. In addition, external factors that influence human health are included in the main part of the main classification. Previously they were included in additional parts.

This tenth classification was fully approved by the International Conference on the next revision of the ICD and adopted at the Forty-third World Health Assembly.

The document contains all regulatory definitions and an alphabetical list of known diseases. Includes: three-digit headings, four-digit sub-headings containing the necessary notes, lists of exceptions for the main disease, as well as statistics, rules for determining the main causes of death of patients. There is also a list of reasons for the necessary hospitalization of patients.

A detailed list of headings has been compiled, including short lists that help in developing data on morbidity, attendance at health care facilities, and mortality. There are guidelines for filling out perinatal mortality certificates.

Before practical use of ICD-10, it is necessary to carefully study the structure of the classification, carefully familiarize yourself with the presented groupings of painful conditions, study notes, inclusions, exclusions, selection rules, and coding of the main diagnosis.

ICD-10 classes

The document consists of 21 sections. Each section includes subsections with codes for known diseases and pathological conditions. The classification is presented as follows:

As an example, how condition codes are encrypted in ICD 10, Here's a breakdown of grade 15.

O00-O08. Gestation with abortion
O10-O16. Proteinuria, edema and blood pressure disorders during pregnancy, during and after childbirth
O20-O29. Other maternal diseases associated with pregnancy
O30-O48. Assistance from doctors to the mother in connection with indicators of the condition of the fetus and possible difficulties of delivery
O60-O75. Difficulties with childbirth
O80-O84. Singleton birth, spontaneous birth
O85-O92. Difficulties, mainly with the period after childbirth
O95-O99. Other obstetric conditions not meeting other criteria

In turn, state intervals have a more specific interpretation. I'll bring you example for codes O00-O08:

O00. Pregnancy outside the uterus (ectopic)
O01. Cystic skid
O02. Other abnormal conception defects
O03. Spontaneous abortion
O04. Medical abortion
O05. Other methods of abortion
O06. Unspecified abortion
O07. Abortion attempt unsuccessful
O08. Difficulties due to abortion, molar or ectopic pregnancy

There are also further clarifications in ICD-10. I'll bring you example for code O01 Bubble skid classic:

O01.0 Classic bubble skid
O01.1 Hydatidiform mole, partial and incomplete
O01.9 Unspecified hydatidiform skid

Important!

If you study the official list of ICD-10, you will see that the alphabetical index of diseases at the beginning of the diagnostic slots also contains unspecified conditions indicated by the signs 9, NOS, NCD. Here is the example above “O01.9 Unspecified vesicular skid”. It is recommended to use such encodings in extreme cases, but generally not advisable, since they are not informative for statistics. The doctor should seek clarification of the diagnosis, which corresponds to a certain classification.

For more accurate information on disease codes, use the official ICD-10 document! The codes given here are accurate enough to convey the spirit of the document, but not quite precise in the wording, which our popular presentation format allows.

ICD 10: Code H: ICD 10: Class VII (H00 H59) diseases of the eye and its adnexa. ICD 10: Class VIII (H60 H95) diseases of the ear and mastoid process. List of meanings... Wikipedia

Code “D” in the International Classification of Diseases of the 10th revision is divided between two classes: codes D00 D48 describe neoplasms in situ, benign neoplasms and neoplasms of uncertain or unknown nature and ... ... Wikipedia

A service list of articles created to coordinate work on the development of the topic. This warning is not set... Wikipedia

Books

ICD-10 International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems Tenth Revision Volume 3 Index, . Volume 3 of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems is an alphabetical index to the Complete List of Classifications in Volume 1. Although the Index reflects...

A00-A09 Intestinal infections
A15-A19 Tuberculosis
A20-A28 Some bacterial zoonoses
A30-A49 Other bacterial diseases
A50-A64 Infections that are predominantly sexually transmitted
A65-A69 Other diseases caused by spirochetes
A70-A74 Other diseases caused by chlamydia
A75-A79 Rickettsial diseases
A80-A89 Viral infections of the central nervous system
A90-A99 Arthropod-borne viral fevers and viral hemorrhagic fevers

B00-B09 Viral infections characterized by lesions of the skin and mucous membranes
B15-B19 Viral hepatitis
B20-B24 Human immunodeficiency virus disease [HIV]
B25-B34 Other viral diseases
B35-B49 Mycoses
B50-B64 Protozoan diseases
B65-B83 Helminthiasis
B85-B89 Pediculosis, acariasis and other infestations
B90-B94 Consequences of infectious and parasitic diseases
B95-B97 Bacterial, viral and other infectious agents
B99 Other infectious diseases

C00-C75 Malignant neoplasms of specified localizations, which are designated as primary or presumably primary, except for neoplasms of lymphoid, hematopoietic and related tissues
C00-C14 Lips, mouth and pharynx
C15-C26 Digestive organs
S30-S39 Respiratory and chest organs
S40-S41 Bones and articular cartilage
S43-S44 Skin
S45-S49 Mesothelial and soft tissues
C50 Mammary gland
S51-S58 Female genital organs
S60-S63 Male genital organs
S64-S68 Urinary tract
S69-S72 Eyes, brain and other parts of the central nervous system
S73-S75 Thyroid and other endocrine glands
S76-S80 Malignant neoplasms, ill-defined, secondary and unspecified localizations
S81-S96 Malignant neoplasms of lymphoid, hematopoietic and related tissues, which are designated as primary or presumably primary
S97 Malignant neoplasms of independent (primary) multiple localizations
D00-D09 In situ neoplasms
D10-D36 Benign neoplasms
D37-D48 Neoplasms of undetermined or unknown nature

D50-D53 Diet-related anemias
D55-D59 Hemolytic anemias
D60-D64 Aplastic and other anemias
D65-D69 Bleeding disorders, purpura and other hemorrhagic conditions
D70-D77 Other diseases of the blood and hematopoietic organs
D80-D89 Selected disorders involving the immune mechanism

E00-E07 Thyroid diseases
E10-E14 Diabetes
E15-E16 Other disorders of glucose regulation and pancreatic endocrine
E20-E35 Disorders of other endocrine glands
E40-E46 Malnutrition
E50-E64 Other types of malnutrition
E65-E68 Obesity and other types of excess nutrition
E70-E90 Metabolic disorders

F00-F09 Organic, including symptomatic, mental disorders
F10-F19 Mental and behavioral disorders associated with the use of psychoactive substances
F20-F29 Schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders
F30-F39 Mood disorders
F40-F48 Neurotic, stress-related, and somatoform disorders
F49-F50

F51-F59 Behavioral syndromes associated with physiological disorders and physical factors
F60-F69 Personality and behavior disorders in adulthood
F70-F79 Mental retardation
F80-F89 Psychological development disorders
F90-F93

F94-F98 Emotional disorders, behavioral disorders, usually beginning in childhood and adolescence
F99 Unspecified mental disorders

G00-G09 Inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system
G10-G13 Systemic atrophies affecting primarily the central nervous system
G20-G26 Extrapyramidal and other movement disorders
G30-G32 Other degenerative diseases of the central nervous system
G35-G37 Demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system
G40-G47 Episodic and paroxysmal disorders

G50-G59 Lesions of individual nerves, nerve roots and plexuses
G60-G64 Polyneuropathies and other lesions of the peripheral nervous system
G70-G73 Diseases of the neuromuscular junction and muscles
G80-G83 Cerebral palsy and other paralytic syndromes
G90-G99 Other nervous system disorders

H00-H06 Diseases of the eyelids, tear ducts and orbits
H10-H13 Diseases of the conjunctiva
H15-H22 Diseases of the sclera, cornea, iris and ciliary body
H25-H28 Lens diseases
H30-H36 Diseases of the choroid and retina
H40-H42 Glaucoma
H43-H45 Diseases of the vitreous body and eyeball
H46-H48 Diseases of the optic nerve and visual pathways
H49-H52 Diseases of the eye muscles, disorders of concomitant eye movement, accommodation and refraction
H53-H54 Visual impairment and blindness
H55-H59 Other diseases of the eye and its adnexa

I00-I02 Acute rheumatic fever
I05-I09 Chronic rheumatic heart disease
I10-I15 Diseases characterized by high blood pressure
I20-I25 Cardiac ischemia
I26-I28 Pulmonary heart and pulmonary circulation disorders
I30-I52 Other heart diseases
I60-I69 Cerebrovascular diseases
I70-I79 Diseases of arteries, arterioles and capillaries
I80-I89 Diseases of the veins, lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes, not elsewhere classified
I95-I99 Other and unspecified diseases of the circulatory system

J00-J06 Acute respiratory infections of the upper respiratory tract
J10-J18 Flu and pneumonia
J20-J22 Other acute respiratory infections of the lower respiratory tract
J30-J39 Other upper respiratory tract diseases
J40-J47 Chronic diseases of the lower respiratory tract
J60-J70 Lung diseases caused by external agents
J80-J84 Other respiratory diseases affecting primarily interstitial tissue
J85-J86 Purulent and necrotic conditions of the lower respiratory tract
J90-J94 Other pleural diseases
J95-J99 Other respiratory diseases

K00-K04 Diseases of the mouth, salivary glands and jaws
K20-K31 Diseases of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum
K35-K38 Diseases of the appendix [vermiform appendix]
K40-K46 Hernias
K50-K52 Non-infectious enteritis and colitis
K55-K63 Other bowel diseases
K65-K67 Peritoneal diseases
K70-K77 Liver diseases
K80-K87 Diseases of the gallbladder, biliary tract and pancreas
K90-K93 Other diseases of the digestive system

L00-L04 Infections of the skin and subcutaneous tissue
L10-L14 Bullous disorders
L20-L30 Dermatitis and eczema
L40-L45 Papulosquamous disorders
L50-L54 Urticaria and erythema
L55-L59 Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue associated with radiation
L60-L75 Skin appendage diseases
L80-L99 Other diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue

M00-M25 Arthropathy
M00-M03 Infectious arthropathy
M05-M14 Inflammatory polyarthropathy
M15-M19 Arthrosis
M20-M25 Other joint lesions

M30-M36 Systemic connective tissue lesions
M40-M54 Dorsopathies
M40-M43 Deforming dorsopathies

M50-M54 Other dorsopathies
M60-M79 Soft tissue diseases
M60-M63 Muscle lesions
M65-M68 Lesions of synovial membranes and tendons
M70-M79 Other soft tissue lesions
M80-M94 Osteopathy and chondropathy
M80-M85 Bone density and structure disorders
M86-M90 Other osteopathies
M91-M94 Chondropathy
M95-M99 Other musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders

N00-N08 Glomerular diseases
N10-N16 Tubulointerstitial kidney disease
N17-N19 Kidney failure
N20-N23 Urolithiasis disease
N25-N29 Other diseases of the kidney and ureter
N30-N39 Other diseases of the urinary system
N40-N51 Diseases of the male genital organs
N60-N64 Breast diseases
N70-N77 Inflammatory diseases of the female pelvic organs
N80-N98 Non-inflammatory diseases of the female genital organs
N99 Other disorders of the genitourinary system

O00-O08 Pregnancy with abortion outcome
O10-O16 Edema, proteinuria and hypertensive disorders during pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium
O20-O29 Other maternal illnesses, mainly associated with pregnancy
O30-O48 Medical care for the mother in connection with the condition of the fetus, the amniotic cavity and possible difficulties in delivery
O60-O75 Complications of labor and delivery
O38-O84 Delivery
O85-O92 Complications associated primarily with the postpartum period
O95-O99 Other obstetric conditions not elsewhere classified

P00-P04 Damage to the fetus and newborn caused by maternal conditions, complications of pregnancy, labor and delivery
P05-P08 Disorders associated with duration of pregnancy and fetal growth
P10-P15 Birth injury
P20-P29 Respiratory and cardiovascular disorders characteristic of the perinatal period
P35-P39 Infectious diseases specific to the perinatal period
P50-P61 Hemorrhagic and hematological disorders in the fetus and newborn
P70-P74 Transient endocrine and metabolic disorders specific to the fetus and newborn
P75-P78 Digestive system disorders in the fetus and newborn
P80-P83 Conditions affecting the skin and thermoregulation in the fetus and newborn
P90-P96 Other disorders arising in the perinatal period

Q00-Q07 Congenital abnormalities of the nervous system
Q10-Q18 Congenital anomalies of the eye, ear, face and neck
Q20-Q28 Congenital anomalies of the circulatory system
Q30-Q34 Congenital anomalies of the respiratory system
Q35-Q37 Cleft lip and palate [cleft lip and cleft palate]
Q38-Q45 Other congenital anomalies of the digestive system
Q50-Q56 Congenital anomalies of the genital organs
Q60-Q64 Congenital anomalies of the urinary system
Q65-Q79 Congenital anomalies and deformations of the musculoskeletal system
Q80-Q89 Other congenital anomalies
Q90-Q99 Chromosomal disorders not elsewhere classified

R00-R09 Symptoms and signs related to the circulatory and respiratory systems
R10-R19 Symptoms and signs related to the digestive and abdominal systems

R20-R23 Symptoms and signs related to the skin and subcutaneous tissue
R25-R29 Symptoms and signs related to the nervous and musculoskeletal systems
R30-R39 Symptoms and signs related to the urinary system
R40-R46 Symptoms and signs related to cognition, perception, emotional state and behavior
R47-R49 Symptoms and signs related to speech and voice

R50-R69 General symptoms and signs
R70-R79 Deviations from the norm identified during blood tests, in the absence of a diagnosis
R80-R82 Deviations from the norm identified during urine examination, in the absence of a diagnosis
R83-R89 Deviations from the norm identified during the study of other fluids, substances and tissues of the body, in the absence of a diagnosis
R90-R94 Abnormalities identified during diagnostic imaging and functional studies in the absence of a diagnosis
R95-R99 Ill-defined and unknown causes of death

V01-V99 Transport accidents
V01-V09 Pedestrian injured in a traffic accident
V10-V19 Cyclist injured in a traffic accident
V20-V29 Motorcyclist injured in a traffic accident
V30-V39 Occupant of a three-wheeler injured in a traffic accident
V40-V49 A person who was in a car and was injured as a result of a transport accident
V50-V59 An occupant of a pickup truck or van who is injured in a transportation accident
V60-V69 A person who was in a heavy truck and was injured as a result of a transport accident
V70-V79 A person on a bus who was injured in a traffic accident
V80-V89 Accidents involving other land vehicles
V90-V94 Water transport accidents
V95-V97 Accidents in air transport and space flights
V98-V99 Other and unspecified transport accidents

W01-X59 Other external causes of injury in accidents
W00-W19 Falls
W20-W49 Impact of non-living mechanical forces
W50-W64 Impact of living mechanical forces
W65-W74 Accidental drowning or submersion
W75-W84 Other respiratory hazards
W85-W99 Accidents caused by electrical current, radiation and extreme levels of ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure

X00-X09 Exposure to smoke, fire and flames
X10-X19 Contact with hot and incandescent substances (objects)
X20-X29 Contact with poisonous animals and plants
X30-X39 Impact of the forces of nature
X40-X49 Accidental poisoning and exposure to toxic substances
X50-X57 Overexertion, travel and hardship
X58-X59 Incidental exposure to other and unspecified factors
X60-X84 Deliberate self-harm
X85-Y09 Attack

Y10-Y34 Damage with undetermined intent
Y35-Y36 Legal actions and military operations
Y40-Y84 Complications of therapeutic and surgical interventions
Y40-Y49 Medicines, medications and biological substances that cause adverse reactions during their therapeutic use
Y60-Y69 Accidental harm to a patient during therapeutic (and surgical) interventions
Y70-Y82 Medical devices and devices associated with accidents arising from their use for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes
Y83-Y84 Surgical and other medical procedures as the cause of an abnormal response or late complication in a patient without mention of accidental harm during their performance
Y85-Y89 Consequences of external causes of morbidity and mortality
Y90-Y98 Additional factors relevant to morbidity and mortality classified elsewhere

Z00-Z13 Visits to healthcare institutions for medical examination and examination
Z20-Z29 Potential health hazards associated with infectious diseases
Z30-Z39 Appeals to health care institutions in connection with circumstances related to reproductive function
Z40-Z54 Appeals to healthcare institutions in connection with the need to carry out specific procedures and receive medical care
Z55-Z65 Potential health hazards associated with socioeconomic and psychosocial circumstances
Z70-Z76 Appeals to healthcare institutions due to other circumstances
Z80-Z99 Potential health hazards related to personal or family history and certain health conditions