How to get rid of internal anxiety. Deep regression therapy. External factors for coping with stress

Anxiety, obsessive thoughts, increased restlessness, panic attacks, constant tension are signs of dysfunction of the nervous system. Very soon they will lead to complete exhaustion of the body. Fear settles in a person’s mind, preventing him from leading a normal life. Everyday worries are replaced by reasoning about one’s own experiences. The more you think about scary moments, the more they develop in your imagination. To find out how to get rid of fear, you don’t have to see a psychologist. The first step in dealing with a problem is working on your own thoughts.

If fear is not removed in time, it will develop into a phobia. Fear and phobia are close and interrelated concepts. However, there is a difference: fear occurs unconsciously as a reaction to a certain event or news that has made an impression on you. A phobia is an obsessive fear, experiencing which the patient realizes its meaninglessness, but cannot cope with internal experiences. Getting rid of a phobia is much more difficult, but for a person who is determined to change his life, nothing is impossible.

How fears appear

For many centuries, psychology was not an independent science, appearing to scientists as something mysterious and even mystical. The secret corners of the human subconscious remain unexplored to this day. However, in the 20th century, psychology rapidly stepped forward, providing the world with many valuable discoveries. Professional psychoanalysis helps to get rid of fear and anxiety and overcome obsessive phobias. However, turning to specialists in the field of psychology costs a lot of money. This fact forces people to learn to understand the mechanisms of fear and provide themselves with the necessary help.

In ancient times, fear could be equated with the ability to survive. The man, through trial and error, figured out what to fear in order to stay alive and not get injured. The feeling of fear of heights (acrophobia) is inherited. This is due to the fact that falling from a height is fatal to the body. Most people don't realize they have acrophobia until they've been at heights for the first time. The same can be said about the fear of snakes (ophidiophobia) and insects (insectophobia). In ancient times, daredevils who showed fearlessness in the face of poisonous reptiles often died from a bite. Therefore, the fear of snakes can be equated to the instinct of self-preservation.

In modern times, the number of phobias and fears has increased significantly. Fear and panic these days often have nothing to do with survival. They are rather social in nature and often have no basis. This could be fear of illness, new acquaintances, intimacy, death (your own or a loved one). Most people suffer from a fear of flying on an airplane. The probability of dying in a plane crash does not exceed one millionth of a percent.

The fear of air travel is due to the fairly rapid spread of air transport; not all people are accustomed to this method of transportation

To prevent fear from turning into a phobia, and a phobia into paranoia, a person must intervene in the course of his thoughts, plunge into his own consciousness and block obsessive thoughts. It is important to realize in time that most fears do not protect you, but push you into danger and make you vulnerable. You can get rid of fear and uncertainty on your own. It is important to do this gradually and correctly.

How not to be afraid of fear itself

Most people fear not the object of fear, but the feeling of fear itself. This can be explained using a simple example: a person who is afraid of snakes will avoid the object of fear (do not go to places where there may be snake dens; run away when they see a snake, etc.). But if we are talking about the fear of flying on an airplane, the person will try to get rid of the fear itself (drink sedatives or alcohol so as not to feel tension during the flight).

To overcome anxiety in the future, you need to learn to block fear and not follow instinct. Compared to the subconscious mind, the human brain seems to be a rather primitive mechanism. It receives a signal from the sensory organs and triggers panic mode. A person’s task is to adjust himself in a different way, to stop following fear. It is important to convince yourself that fear in a given situation has nothing to do with real danger, it is a simple chemical reaction of the body.

Every person can be afraid, and this is quite normal. There is no need to frighten yourself with obsessive thoughts, fueling panic. Give the body time to endure the false alarm signal, and the consciousness will be convinced that the fear has practically disappeared. Everything written above can be retold more briefly: do not be afraid of your fears, but live with them. If you do not break the vicious circle, fears will develop into real panic. The vicious circle is the fear of panic attacks. The more you fear them, the more often they come.

Forecast good things

Remove the fear of breaking up with an unfaithful husband/wife, losing your job, changing your place of residence, etc. Thoughts about the future will help. This can also be explained with a simple example.

Imagine that you have known for a long time about the betrayal of a loved one. Sleepless nights, anxiety, worry, poisoned life. You understand perfectly well that a person who cheated once will take this step again. The only correct way out is to leave and start a new life. And this is where most people (both men and women) experience real panic. The imagination of men quickly paints a picture: he is lonely, without his own home, without a child and in a depressed state, and his wife lives happily with her new husband. For a woman, the picture emerges much worse: she is alone with a small child in her arms, no one needs her, without a decent job, and at the same time her husband is having fun with a beautiful mistress who will soon take your wife’s place.

It is important to think not about future sorrows, but about new prospects. You need to realize that any emotion is temporary. Unfortunately, joy passes faster than grief. But even bitter suffering soon ceases. It is important to force yourself to look at the good side of the coin. Don’t imagine yourself alone and unwanted, predict a better future. Believe that a happier relationship awaits you, in which you will feel confident and harmonious. Positive forecasts hide a way to get rid of feelings of fear.

Bad thoughts cause a person to lose the ability to correctly resolve the situation and make the only right decision.

It's important to be prepared for anything

A person who frequently flies on airplanes, but at the same time suffers from aerophobia, does not accept the comforting statistics that on average 1 in 8,000,000 airplanes are involved in a plane crash. At the slightest turbulence, he feels panic, thinking that an accident will happen to this particular plane. The only way to get rid of anxiety is to accept the fact that any plane can crash. It sounds scary, but with any flight there is some risk.

Knowing that you will die in a plane crash does not completely eliminate the fear of death. But deep down, every person understands that death will come sooner or later, and a plane crash will simply bring this moment closer. Awareness of the risk of dying in a plane crash should not force you to look at the world with doomed eyes, foreseeing the potential possibility of death in any action. It is important not to doom yourself to death, but simply to soberly assess the situation.

This method is designed to block or localize panic fear at the moment of its occurrence. Imagine that you are climbing up a spiral staircase (for example, to the observation deck of an ancient tower), and then accidentally look down and see tens of meters of space behind the railing. It is at this moment that panic begins to grow in you like a snowball: weak legs, nausea, rapid heartbeat, dry mouth, stuffy ears, etc. Your task at this moment is to distract your thinking, forcing you to look at yourself from the outside.

First of all, give up the thoughts “what if I trip?”, “what if the step breaks,” “what if the handrail breaks?” and similar

Try to notice all the changes that have occurred in your body. Make your legs and arms obey you, start breathing deeply and evenly, and really assess the danger. You must become an observer of your own panic. First of all, you will feel that your legs become more confident, and the noise and ringing in your ears has stopped. Turn off your imagination mode and become a dispassionate observer.

Fear is not confirmed by anything

This advice applies to people who are afraid of minor fears or banal discomfort. For example, you suffer from a fear of speaking in front of people (answering a class, presenting a report at work, defending a scientific paper, congratulating you at a celebration, and so on). Rarely do such fears arise in people who have experienced certain failures: you forgot your speech while defending your thesis, made a mistake while speaking at a conference, etc. The cause of anxiety is a wild imagination that predicted a possible awkward situation.

The first way to overcome such panic is to understand that you have no real reason to be afraid or embarrassed. After all, until today, you have been to many feasts, made a presentation at work more than once, and successfully answered in pairs while studying. The second tip for overcoming such anxieties is to accept the fact that anyone can hesitate or pause during a public speech. It’s not scary, and after 5 seconds everyone will forget about it.

Don't get caught up or get attached

In order not to feel the constant fear of loss, you need to be able to not become attached to things, people or ideas. Only a truly wise person can recognize the fact that complete satisfaction is impossible. The final goal cannot be achieved. After reaching a certain stage, you will certainly want to improve. Having earned the first million, no one stops.

Life turns into an endless race for carrots dangling in front of your nose.

Suffering and anxiety due to attachments can be explained using the example of a typical high achiever. From the first grade, a student gets used to getting only A's. He tries hard, sacrifices his free time, devoting it to doing homework. The diary is full of A's, the student is praised by both parents and teachers. Accordingly, the child has a wild fear of getting any grade other than a solid A. Even a small assigned negative can negatively affect his mood. At the same time, a good student who is used to periodically receiving B grades does not experience such fear. At the same time, he continues to strive for better results, but his state of mind does not suffer from imposed fear.

Fears of pregnant women

Pregnancy is a special, new stage in life. You need to realize that you are already responsible for not one, but two people. Most expectant mothers have many fears during pregnancy. Often it is anxiety that prevents a woman from bearing and giving birth to a healthy baby. Often panic occurs already in the first weeks. For some, it’s enough to hear enough or read horror stories, while others are afraid of any unusual sensation in the body.

The first and most competent way to get rid of the experience in the early stages is to accept the fact that nature is smarter and more experienced

There is no need to be afraid of an early miscarriage or missed pregnancy. If this happened, it had to happen. The fetus initially developed incorrectly, and nature knows how to get rid of a “bad” pregnancy. You need to accept this fact and not give up. It is important not to be afraid of further attempts to get pregnant.

Other fears are related to future births and the health of the baby. Many women worry that they will not be able to cope with motherhood without experience. Don't invent problems that don't exist. If you are carrying a baby under your heart, this means that you are the one chosen by nature to be his mother, and you will definitely succeed.

Fear sucks the life energy out of a person. Stop being afraid of the feeling of fear, try to remove from your mind scary pictures of what could happen, but will never happen. Get rid of fear and start living for real.

Almost everyone in life comes a moment when a person begins to worry, worry and worry. There are many such reasons and every day every inhabitant of planet Earth experiences a feeling of anxiety. Today we will talk about the psychology of fear and anxiety, and also look at ways to combat anxiety.

Personality anxiety

If personal anxiety is too high and goes beyond the normal state, then this can lead to a disruption in the functioning of the body and the appearance of various diseases in the circulatory system, immune and endocrine. Anxiety, from which a person cannot overcome on his own, greatly affects the indicators of a person’s general condition and his physical abilities.

Each person reacts differently to a given situation. Most often, a person already knows in advance what emotions he will experience if some event happens.

Excessive personal anxiety is a certain violation of the adequacy of the expression of emotions. When a person experiences this type of anxiety, they may experience: trembling, a feeling of danger and complete helplessness, uncertainty and fear.

When some unfavorable situation occurs, a person begins to gesticulate unusually, depressed and excited facial expressions appear, pupils dilate and blood pressure rises. A person remains in this state almost all the time, because personal anxiety is a certain character trait of an already established personality.

Of course, in the lives of each of us there are unplanned situations that throw us off balance and create a feeling of anxiety. But in order for the body not to suffer from an increased level of anxiety later, you need to learn to control your emotions.

Symptoms of Anxiety

There are many symptoms that accompany anxiety, we will list the most common:

reactions to severe stress;
constant feeling of lack of sleep;
stomach problems;
chills or paroxysmal sensations of heat;
cardiopalmus;
feeling as if you are having a mental crisis;
constant irritability;
problems with concentration;
constant feeling of panic.

There are several common and well-known types of anxiety that people often experience.

Panic disorder - most often accompanied by repeated panic attacks, fear or some discomfort may suddenly appear. Such emotional disorders are often accompanied by rapid heartbeat, shortness of breath, chest pain, increased sweating, fear of dying or going crazy.

Many people who experience anxiety suffer from such attacks. People with panic disorders begin to avoid completely everything around them; they do not go to places where there is even a small chance of getting injured and being left alone.

Generalized anxiety is also a well-known disease that is persistent and not limited to ordinary environmental circumstances. A person who suffers from this type of anxiety often experiences: worry about future failures, fidgetiness, inability to relax and tension, nervousness, sweating, dizziness and difficulty concentrating.

What is anxiety?

Anxiety is the activity of the subconscious, trying to protect the body from a possible unfavorable event. In this case, a vague feeling of anxiety and fear arises.

The occurrence of this phenomenon is due to the fact that a person expects danger in various things. Associative reflexes arise in the brain with a possible source of threat. It is important that there may not be a threat, that is, a false association occurs, but the body’s response is quite real:

increase in cardiac output, number of heart contractions;
increased breathing;
sweating;
nausea.

With a long course, these symptoms are joined by:

sleep disturbance;
decreased appetite;
feeling of shortness of breath;
apathy.

Psychosomatic disorders, depression, deterioration in quality of life, and personality disorders become their apogee.

The difference between anxiety and fear

Many people who are in an anxious state are aware of the above changes. But understanding anxiety itself, that is, the causes of the above physiological changes, is not accessible to everyone.

This is what distinguishes anxiety from fear. With fear, a person specifically and very accurately knows the reason. Fear begins immediately during danger and this is an understandable reaction, while anxiety is a deeper, incomprehensible phenomenon.

Adaptive and pathological anxiety

Adaptive anxiety appears as the body’s response to possible changes in the environment, for example, before an important event (tests, interviews, first date...). This is a completely natural process that can slowly and imperceptibly develop into a pathological one. At the same time, there is no longer a threat, but there is anxiety, it is in no way connected with real events.

Examples from life

Anxiety can also be thought of as thoughts that unreasonably run ahead. That is, a person imagines himself in a place where he is not currently present.

For example, students during a lesson fall into this state when the teacher wants to start a survey and looks at the magazine.

The only question in this situation is “why?” Because the teacher is still in thought and doesn’t know who to ask. There are many options for the outcome of this situation. If you think logically, then such a phenomenon as anxiety is completely inappropriate in this case.

But you were unlucky, and it so happened that the teacher’s gaze fell on you on the list. A person who gets ahead of himself may become constrained and, in the worst case scenario, reach the point of loss of consciousness. But in fact, nothing has happened yet. The teacher didn't even ask the question. Again, “why?”

It is important to always ask yourself the sobering question “why?”

The teacher raised the student, but until he asked a question, there was no cause for alarm.

The teacher asked a question - there is no reason for alarm. In this case, you can try to answer it.

You didn’t answer, the teacher gave you a negative grade - there is no reason to worry. You need to think about how to correct an unsatisfactory grade. Because you can’t remove a bad mark from the journal, but you can get several positive points.

Let's consider another situation that everyone has been in - waiting for a bus. In addition, if you are late, then waiting becomes an unbearably draining task. But your worry will not speed up the bus, which is quite logical. Then why worry?

Fighting Anxiety

If you feel the symptoms listed above, then often ask yourself the question “why?” This question will direct your thoughts in the right direction. It is much easier to deal with it, because the genesis, that is, the origin and cause of fear, is clear.

When there are too many fears and anxieties, they seriously complicate the life of any person, preventing them from relaxing and focusing on really important things, so you need to try to fight them. Everyone is concerned about the question of how to overcome fear forever. In fact, you cannot completely get rid of fear and there is nothing wrong with that. Fear is necessary; a person needs this emotion to survive. In order to be a completely mentally healthy person, fear is necessary.

But make sure that fear does not literally tie you hand and foot. There are several steps to managing your fears.

Non-judgmental attitude

The more attention a person pays to fighting fear, the more it paralyzes him. It is necessary to stop judging fear, because there is nothing good or bad in the fact that a person is afraid. There is no need to view your fear as an enemy; on the contrary, you need to treat it positively. Let this become your powerful weapon.

Explore your fear

Fear needs to be explored. You need to spend your internal energy wisely; with the help of this energy you can control your fear. Try to switch from fear to something else, each person will be able to do this differently, you need to find your own way that will be most effective.

Practical training

Overcoming fear should not be the main goal, otherwise internal resistance will develop, which will interfere with all processes within a person and will only worsen the feeling of anxiety and fear. In order to develop self-confidence, you need to make some effort. First, get out of your comfort zone. Before you start an active struggle, you need to ask yourself the question of why all this is being done, why this struggle is needed and what it will lead to.

On a piece of paper, you need to make a list of all your desires, the fulfillment of which is prevented by excessive anxiety, and then begin to gradually implement this list. The first time will not be easy, but this is a very useful training and, most importantly, incredibly effective.

Fears must be present in life, but they should not complicate this life too much. A person should be in a comfortable state and feel good, be able to control fears and prevent them. Anxiety should not be excessive, and you need to learn to cope with this.

12 tips to get rid of anxiety, fear and worry

Exercise stress

If you're feeling anxious or scared, do some physical activity. Work out with dumbbells, run, or do other physical exercises. During physical activity, the human body produces endorphin - the so-called joy hormone, which lifts the mood.

Drink less coffee

Caffeine is a powerful nervous system stimulant. In large quantities, it can turn even a healthy person into an irritated, nervous grumbler. Don't forget that caffeine is not only found in coffee. It is also found in chocolate, tea, Coca-Cola and a number of medicines.

Avoid annoying conversations

When you are tired or stressed, such as after a tiring day at work, avoid talking about topics that might make you anxious. Agree with your family members not to talk about problems after dinner. It is especially important to get rid of anxious thoughts before bed.

"White noise"

A white noise generator is great for promoting healthy sleep. Buy such a device and enjoy quality sleep. After all, lack of sleep can provoke stress and simply makes a person tired and irritable.

Analysis of experiences

If you are worried about many different things and problems, make a list of these sources of anxiety. For each individual alarm, assign possible consequences. When you clearly see that nothing very terrible threatens you, it will be easier for you to calm down. In addition, this will make it easier for you to think through all the options for solving your problems.

Watch funny movies and laugh more. Laughter releases endorphins and helps relieve stress.

Looking at what terrible things can happen to people, your own problems will seem trivial to you. After all, everything is learned by comparison.

Don't create unnecessary problems for yourself

Many people really like to get ahead of themselves and prematurely draw conclusions about the bad outcome of certain events, phenomena, and so on.

Solve problems as they arise. The fact that you worry about what may happen in the future or not happen at all will not change the end result.

You will only irritate yourself with such thoughts. If you are suddenly worried about something that might happen, ask yourself two questions: how likely is it that it will happen, and how, if at all, can you influence the course of events. If you have no control over what's coming, just don't worry. It's stupid to be afraid of the inevitable.

Introspection

When something worries you, try to remember similar situations in the past. Think about how you behaved in similar situations, how much you were able to influence the problem, and how the problem was resolved. After such an analysis, you will come to the conclusion that nothing lasts forever, in this case the problem. Very often problems are solved even without our intervention.

Detail your fears

You need to know the enemy by sight. Analyze all your fears and anxieties down to the smallest detail, study the likelihood of a problem or specific situation occurring, think about how you can avoid the problem and how to resolve it. In the course of such an analysis, you will not only be seriously prepared to face the problem, but you will also find out that the likelihood that something you fear will happen to you is not at all high. Based on specific data or numbers, you will realize that you are simply fooling yourself.

Eastern wisdom

Take up mastering one of the Eastern techniques of relaxation, meditation or yoga. These practices significantly contribute to complete relaxation, both physically and mentally. Also, during exercise, endorphin, already known to us, is produced. Practice with an instructor, or master one of the techniques yourself with the help of relevant literature or video lessons. It is recommended to cheer up in this way for 0.5-1 hour every day.

Share your worries with a friend

Fear of the future (futurophobia)

Fear of the future is a constant feeling of anxiety in a person associated with upcoming events in his life. This fear appears under the influence of daily stressful situations in combination with positive emotions (a desired move or the birth of a child).

Futurophobia is an individual’s endless doubt that he is able to overcome all the obstacles and problems that await him in life. Often a person begins to understand the groundlessness of this fear. However, more often it all comes down to the fact that he cannot find the origins of his doubts. The person’s internal state then worsens, and the fear itself returns with renewed vigor.

At its core, fear of the future is fear of the unknown. A person does not know what could happen tomorrow, or what to do in a given situation. Because of this, the sense of security is reduced to a critical point, replacing it with constant anxiety. At this moment, fear of the future appears.

How to overcome fear of the future?

Specialists have developed a strategic plan that contains techniques for increasing and replenishing strength for psychological stability, individual confidence in one’s own capabilities, as well as for developing the ability to adequately respond to various events.

Analyze

Initially, you should analyze what situation causes fear and what it is associated with. Here it is very important to remember when anxious thoughts first began to occur and whether they were based on a real danger or a subjective one. The more accurately you determine the form of fear, the easier it will be to analyze all the facts that should be written down daily.

At this stage, it is good to visualize the fear in some way, even if it is a drawing of an abstract shape or with some name. This method allows you to throw out all your worries, and possibly your fears.

Also, it is very important not to discuss the emotions themselves. They can be expressed as your own feeling. This will help relieve general tension in a situation where fear manifests itself to others. A frank conversation about your fears will help you unite in resolving this issue. It is best to create a social circle in which you can feed on positive energy.

Find a solution

The next thing to do is to list and write down a step-by-step solution with the sequential execution of certain actions. This process requires determination and willpower, which is very important for removing the paralyzing and numbing influence that causes a person to fear the future.

In the case when fear has been haunting a person for a very long time and he is unable to overcome his fears on his own, which prevents him from living a normal, full life, it is better to consult a specialist (psychotherapist) who will prescribe medication treatment.

How to get rid of anxiety and relax: 13 “grounding” exercises

Grounding exercises are designed to restore contact with the present - here and now. The main goal is to connect your mind and body together and make them work together.

These exercises are useful in many situations when you feel:

overloaded;
suppressed by difficult memories, thoughts and feelings;
are captivated by strong emotions;
experiencing stress, anxiety or anger;
suffer from painful memories;
You wake up from nightmares with your heart pounding.

The exercises are based on using the senses - sight, hearing, taste, smell, touch - to connect the mind and body in the present moment. These are basic human feelings that remind us that we are here and now, and we are safe. Use only those that you feel comfortable doing.

#1 - Remind yourself who you are

State your name. Say your age. Tell me where you are now. List what you did today. Describe what you will do next.

#2 - Breathing

Take 10 slow breaths. Focus your attention on your breathing, each inhalation and exhalation. Count to yourself the number of exhalations.

#3 - Feel it

Splash some water on your face. Notice how you felt. Feel the touch of the towel you used to wipe your face. Take a sip of cold water. Pick up a cold can of cola or lemonade. Feel the cold and wetness of the surface of the bottle. Pay attention to the bubbles and taste of the liquid you drink. Now take a large mug of hot tea in your hands and feel its warmth. Do not rush to drink tea, take small sips, savoring the taste of each.

#4 - Nightmare

If you wake up in the middle of the night from a nightmare, remind yourself who you are and where you are. Tell yourself what year it is and how old you are. Look around the room, note all familiar objects and name them. Touch the bed where you are lying, feel the coolness of the air, name any sounds you hear.

#5 - Clothes

Feel the clothes on your body. Notice whether your arms and legs are covered or exposed, and pay attention to how your clothes feel as you move in them. Notice how your feet feel in your socks or shoes.

#6 - Gravity

If you are sitting, touch the chair below you and feel the weight of your body and legs touching the surface and floor. Notice how much pressure your body, arms, and legs place on the seat, floor, or table. If you are lying down, feel the contact between your head, body and legs as they touch the surface you are lying on. Starting with your head, notice how each part of your body feels, then work your way down to your feet and the soft or hard surface they rest on.

#7 - Stop and listen

Name all the noises you hear around you. Gradually move your attention from nearby sounds to those coming from a distance. Look around and notice everything that is directly in front of you, and then to the left and to the right. Name the characteristic features, details and features of large objects first, and then smaller ones.

#8 - Get up and walk around the room

Focus on every step you take. Stomp your feet and notice the sensations and sounds as your feet touch the ground. Clap your hands and rub your hands vigorously. Listen to the sound and sensation in your palms.

#9 - Temperature

When you go outside, pay attention to the air temperature. How different (or similar) is it to the temperature in the room you were just in?

No. 10 - See, hear, touch

Find five things you can see, five things you can hear, touch, taste, smell.

#11 - Dive

Dip your hands into something that has an interesting or unusual texture.

#12 - Music

Listen to a piece of instrumental music. Give it your full attention.

No. 13 - Garden

If you have a garden or houseplants, spend some time with them. Plants, and even soil itself, can be a great grounding agent - a cure for anxiety and restlessness.

Treatment

If the above methods do not work, you should contact specialists who will provide competent therapy and prescribe a course of treatment. The main thing is not to start this process, that is, follow the principle “the sooner the better.”

Every person experiences anxiety or is afraid of something from time to time. This is a normal phenomenon, but only if fear and anxiety do not occur too often and for any reason. In this case, a person cannot lead a normal life, since negative emotions do not allow him to live in peace. Let's figure out what needs to be done to get rid of fear and anxiety, and what psychologists say about this.

Anxiety and fear are natural emotions that nature has endowed humans with. In a difficult situation, they help him, mobilizing physical and mental resources, and in a moment of danger they can even save his life.

But in some people these negative states appear as if for no reason. In fact, there is a reason, it’s just hidden deep in the subconscious. For example, people who have experienced serious difficulties or severe shocks begin to fear that a similar situation may happen again in the future.

Pessimists are also often worried and afraid. A negative outlook on life makes a person expect a bad outcome from almost any event. And if this really happens, the pessimist becomes even more convinced of the correctness of his way of thinking, thereby strengthening his tendency to negative experiences.

Symptoms of anxiety and fear

When a person begins to worry or fear something, he experiences not only negative emotions, but also certain physiological reactions. His muscles tense, his heartbeat and pulse quicken, he feels chills and lack of air in his chest. Hands begin to tremble, sweating increases. At the same time, obsessive thoughts swarm in your head, your imagination draws all sorts of unpleasant pictures, increasing the feeling of anxiety.

It is often difficult for a person to determine exactly what emotions he is experiencing. Anxiety is characterized by an unpleasant painful sensation in the chest, in the heart area, and the expectation of trouble. Fear puts you into a state of panic, in which a person’s rational thinking is turned off. He cannot sit down calmly and analyze the situation, he is simply afraid and panicking.

If the experiences do not leave a person for a long time, his appetite worsens or completely disappears, his sleep becomes superficial and intermittent, he wakes up at night and cannot fall asleep for a long time. For some people, on the contrary, their appetite increases, and they try to “eat up” their negative emotions.

A state of chronic stress takes away strength, so a person feels exhausted and tired. All this cannot but affect his life. If you do not get rid of the feelings of fear and anxiety in a timely manner, there is a danger that they will develop into a real mental disorder. Therefore, psychologists advise learning to cope with negative experiences on your own.

Methods for dealing with fears and anxiety

Almost every person is capable of overcoming fears and anxiety, negative emotions and experiences. It's not as difficult as it might seem at first glance. You just need to set a goal and follow the advice of psychologists. So, let's look at the most effective recommendations from specialists that can be used at home.

Find out the reason for your worries. If you want to get rid of anxiety and worry, be sure to find the cause. Think about what kind of situation scares you. Maybe you're afraid of heights, crowds, talking to strangers, or speaking in front of an audience. Remember when your fear first appeared, in what situation it happened.
Don't hide from your fear, don't deny it. If you honestly acknowledge its presence in your life, it will become easier to deal with it.
Learn to relax. Anxious states force you to be in constant tension, take away your energy and strength. Therefore, it is very important to learn to relax. To do this, you can use any method: a warm bath, a walk in the park, an evening jog in the fresh air, yoga or meditation, breathing exercises, listening to pleasant, soothing music. Try to distract yourself from the experiences that torment you and devote yourself to your chosen activity.
Discuss your fears with a loved one. There is nothing better than sharing your worries with someone you trust. This could be a close relative or friend to whom you can open your soul. Tell us what worries and concerns you and listen to your interlocutor’s opinion. Very often, after such a conversation, a person begins to treat his problem more calmly, and his feelings lose their severity.
Put your thoughts on paper. If you don't have someone you can trust, don't despair. Keep a diary and write down all negative experiences there. This will make it easier for you to understand yourself and understand what exactly worries you and in what situations fear manifests itself most strongly.
Laugh and smile more often. Bring more humor into your life. Watch comedies or comedy shows, read jokes, look for various funny jokes on the Internet. It's good to do this in the company of friends. This way you can have a good laugh, relieve stress and forget about your worries for a while.
Don't sit idle. When a person is not busy with anything, negative experiences begin to attack him, and gloomy thoughts swirl in his head and do not allow him to relax. The best thing to do in such a situation is to get down to business. Do whatever you want: clean the apartment, cook a delicious dinner, pay attention to your husband or wife, play with your child, go to the store.
Give some time to fears and anxiety. Most likely, you will not be able to constantly keep your feelings under control. There is no need to do this. Set aside 20-30 minutes for them every day. At this time, let your imagination draw the most terrible pictures. Give free rein to your anxiety, give in to it completely. Don't analyze your emotions, just experience them. When the allotted time is up, return to your normal activities. If anxiety starts to overcome you during the day, just write down the thoughts that are bothering you on paper, and you can worry about it in the allotted time.
Don't dwell on the past. If you have had unpleasant situations in the past that caused internal fear or anxiety, your thoughts may often return to these events. Don't let them do this. The past has already passed and it is not at all a fact that the negative scenario will happen again. Relax, calm your nerves and live in the present moment.
Do some visualization. As soon as your imagination begins to paint you terrible pictures of possible events, immediately, through an effort of will, switch it in a positive direction. Visualize clearly and in detail the most favorable outcome of the situation that worries you. Visualize until you feel that the anxiety has left you or at least significantly decreased. Psychologists and esotericists claim that regular positive visualization can influence life circumstances, turning them in the desired direction.
Don't plan your actions in advance. Usually, before an important event, people think through their every step, rehearse their actions and words. If you are very anxious, then let your actions be spontaneous. Very often they turn out to be much more effective than planned. Trust the situation and act according to the circumstances.
Don't feed your fears. If you have a tendency to worry excessively, try to avoid reading or watching news, crime reports, and other information on TV as little as possible, which will only aggravate existing fears and create fertile ground for the emergence of new ones.
Change your eating habits. Some foods we eat tend to aggravate anxiety. This includes tea, coffee, alcohol. Reduce the amount of these foods in your diet or eliminate them altogether. By the way, excessive indulgence in sweets also increases anxiety, because when blood sugar rises, a person develops an unreasonable feeling of anxiety.
Talk to people. If you feel anxious, don't sit alone. Go to a crowded place - a cinema, theater, concert or exhibition. Meet with friends more often. Give preference to live communication, but if this is not possible, do not neglect conversations on the phone, Skype, or correspondence on the Internet.
Use affirmations, mantras, mudras. In esoteric literature you can find many effective means to combat negative experiences. One of the most popular are Sytin’s sentiments. You can use ready-made texts or create your own based on them.

Help from a psychologist in dealing with fears

If you've tried all of the above methods for dealing with anxiety but haven't gotten anywhere, don't worry. It is better to seek help from a psychologist or psychotherapist.

Often the roots of increased anxiety lie so deep in the subconscious that a person cannot find them on his own. The task of a psychologist is to help a person understand the causes of fear, remove them from the subconscious and teach him to overcome anxiety.

Some people are embarrassed to seek help from a psychologist. Do not do this. You are not embarrassed by a therapist or a dentist, but a psychologist is the same specialist, only in the field of mental, rather than physical, problems. He will help you deal with your fears and give useful recommendations.

If you can't cope with your anxiety, ask a therapist to prescribe anti-anxiety medications. You can also use folk remedies. Drink decoctions of medicinal herbs that have a sedative effect. These include mint, lemon balm, valerian root, motherwort, and chamomile.

Overcoming fears and anxiety is a step towards victory

If you are tormented by anxiety or fear, don't be shy about it. Many people are afraid of something, but most of them try to overcome and remove their fears and, as a rule, they manage to win. Try it too.

Remember that negative emotions such as anxiety and fear can be turned into a positive direction by making them work for yourself. Many famous people achieved success in life precisely because of their fear, which mobilized them, forcing them to work and go to new heights.

Doctors, scientists, athletes, poets, writers, artists and representatives of many other professions were afraid of being unrecognized, afraid of defeat and ridicule from other people, and these experiences helped them overcome difficulties and go towards their goal, making every effort to achieve it.

As you can see, anxiety and fear can be turned from enemies into your allies. Work on yourself, and you will definitely cope with your negative experiences.

Do fear and anxiety happen without a reason? Yes, and in this case you need to contact a psychiatrist or psychotherapist, because with a high degree of probability the person suffers from causeless fear and anxiety because he has anxiety neurosis. This is a mental disorder that occurs after severe short-term stress or prolonged emotional overstrain. There are two main signs: constant severe anxiety and vegetative disorders of the body - palpitations, a feeling of shortness of breath, dizziness, nausea, upset stool. A provoking or background factor can be attractions and desires that in real life are not fully realized and not realized: homosexual or sadistic tendencies, suppressed aggression, adrenaline needs. Over time, the cause of the initial fear is forgotten or repressed, and fear and anxiety acquire independent meaning.

Neurosis differs from psychosis in that neurosis always has a real cause, it is the response of an unbalanced psyche to a traumatic event. Psychosis proceeds according to its own endogenous laws; real life has little influence on the course of the disease. Another important difference is criticism. Neurosis is always recognized by a person, causing painful painful experiences and the desire to free himself from it. Psychosis changes a person’s personality so much that reality becomes unimportant for him, his whole life takes place in a world of painful experiences.

Success in treating mental illness and borderline disorders is often a matter of time. The result is always better if treatment is started earlier.

In order for anxiety neurosis to develop, in which feelings of fear and anxiety arise for no apparent reason, two factors must converge at one point:

traumatic emotional event;
insufficient psychological defense mechanism.

Psychological defense suffers if a person has a deep conflict, there is no way to get what he wants. Anxiety neurosis most often affects women between 18 and 40 years old, and this is understandable. A woman is always vulnerable because she is too dependent on society’s assessment. The most successful woman will always have a weak spot for which ill-wishers can “bite” her. Problematic children, free leisure, insufficient career growth, divorces and new novels, appearance - everything can serve as an impetus for the development of anxious neurosis.

The rapid development of society, distortions and flaws in the moral side of life lead to the fact that the postulates perceived in childhood lose their relevance, and many people lose their moral core, without which a happy life is impossible.

In recent years, the importance of biological factors has been proven. It has become known that after severe stress, the brain forms new neurons that go from the prefrontal cortex to the amygdala. Histological examination revealed that the new neurons contained a peptide that enhances anxiety. New neurons restructure the work of all neural networks, and human behavior will change. Added to this is a change in the level of neurotransmitters, or chemicals that carry nerve impulses.

The discovery of the morphological substrate of emotions partly explains the fact that the reaction to stress is delayed in time - the formation of stable anxiety and fear requires some period.

In men, the background factor in the development of anxiety neurosis is considered to be a functional deficiency of neurotransmitters or an insufficient quantity or poor quality of substances transporting nerve impulses. Endocrine disorders can play a bad role when the functioning of the adrenal glands, pituitary gland and hypothalamus - the main suppliers of hormones of the human body - is disrupted. Failure in the functioning of these systems also leads to feelings of fear, anxiety, and decreased mood.

The international classifier does not have a category describing anxiety neurosis; instead, the section “designated as F41.1” is used. This section may be supplemented by F40.0 (Agoraphobia or fear of open space) and F43.22 (Mixed anxiety and depressive reaction due to adjustment disorder).

Symptoms

The first and main sign is anxiety, which is constantly present, exhausting, and changes the entire habitual way of life. Such anxiety must be constantly monitored, and this is not always possible. You need to think about illness if deep anxiety lasts for at least six months.

Anxiety consists of the following components:

To assess the level of anxiety, you can use the Zang scale, which is intended for self-diagnosis.

The severity of anxiety is sometimes so strong that the phenomena of derealization and depersonalization are added. These are conditions in which the environment loses its colors and seems unreal, and one’s actions cannot be controlled. Fortunately, they are short-lived and pass quickly.

Autonomic somatic manifestations are as follows:

In all cases of initial treatment, a clinical examination is carried out to distinguish neurotic or reversible disorders from somatic or bodily diseases. In a properly equipped hospital this may take 2-3 days. This is necessary because some serious chronic diseases can begin under the guise of neurosis.

Drug treatment

It is not always used; if necessary, it is used in a short course, only at the peak of experiences. Medications can temporarily relieve anxiety and normalize sleep, but the leading role in this process belongs to psychotherapy.

Treatment begins with herbal preparations of complex action, to which it is impossible to become accustomed. The preferred drugs are those that simultaneously improve sleep, reduce irritability and alleviate anxiety. These are Persen-Forte, Novopassit and Nervoflux, they have a balanced composition and are completely harmless. They contain herbal sedatives in different proportions: valerian, passionflower, motherwort, lemon balm, mint, lavender, hops, bitter orange.

A psychiatrist can prescribe medications from the following groups:

The doctor always prescribes these psychotropic drugs for neurosis with caution. Benzodiazepines are given in a short course, and they quickly become addictive. A pronounced effect from antidepressants should be expected no earlier than 4 weeks, and the duration of the entire course of drug correction usually does not exceed 3 months. Further drug treatment is not advisable; it will not give a good improvement.

If the condition does not improve significantly during drug treatment, this indicates that the person has a mental disorder deeper than neurosis.

If the functioning of internal organs is disrupted, drugs that affect the heart rate (beta blockers) and the digestive system (antispasmodics) may be prescribed.

Physiotherapy

It is always useful, especially techniques aimed at removing the muscle “shell”. Improving the condition of the muscles, getting rid of muscle tension improves the state of mind through the biofeedback mechanism. Physiotherapeutic methods are good at eliminating vegetative manifestations.

Massage, all water procedures, electrosleep, darsonval, electrophoresis, low-frequency pulsed currents, sulfide baths, paraffin baths are useful.

Psychotherapy

The leading method of treating anxiety neurosis, in which personal problems are consistently worked through, which ultimately contributes to the acquisition of new experience and a revision of a person’s entire value system.

Good results are obtained from the use of cognitive behavioral therapy, which uses confrontation and desensitization techniques. In collaboration with a psychotherapist, the patient voices his deepest fears, dismantles them “piece by piece,” while being completely safe. In the process of training, destructive patterns of thinking and beliefs that are devoid of logic fade away.

Traditional hypnosis or its modern modifications are often used. In a state of controlled relaxation, a person gets the opportunity to fully reveal his fears, immerse himself in them and overcome them.

In large medical institutions, a variant of group psychotherapy called sociotherapy is used. This method is more about communication based on interests, obtaining joint impressions. The patient council can organize visits to concerts and exhibitions, excursions, during which personal fears and concerns are worked out.

Group psychotherapy allows you to communicate with people who have similar problems. During the discussion, patients reveal more than during direct communication with the doctor.

Methods that combine communication with a specialist and working with the body are successfully used. This is rebirthing or connected breathing, when there is no pause between inhalation and exhalation. Special breathing allows you to “bring to the surface” suppressed experiences.

The Hakomi Method reveals to the patient the meaning of his favorite poses and movements. Using strong emotions and appealing to the spontaneity that every person has, the specialist guides the patient to awareness of the problems.

The normal treatment period for anxiety neurosis is at least six months, during which time you can completely get rid of it.

Anxiety and fear, how to get rid of these unpleasant sensations. Inexplicable tension, anticipation of trouble, mood swings, when you can cope on your own, and when you need the help of specialists. In order to understand how dangerous it is, how to get rid of them, why they arise, how you can remove anxiety from the subconscious, it is necessary to understand the causes and mechanisms of the appearance of these symptoms.

The main causes of anxiety and fear

Anxiety has no real basis and is an emotion, a fear of an unknown threat, a fictitious, vague premonition of danger. Fear appears upon contact with a certain situation or object.

The causes of fear and anxiety can be stress, anxiety, illness, resentment, and troubles at home. The main manifestations of anxiety and fear:

Physical manifestation. It is expressed by chills, rapid heartbeat, sweating, asthma attacks, insomnia, lack of appetite or the inability to get rid of hunger.
Emotional condition. It manifests itself as frequent excitement, anxiety, fear, emotional outbursts or complete apathy.

Fear and anxiety during pregnancy

The feeling of fear in pregnant women is associated with worry about their future children. Anxiety comes in waves or haunts you day after day.

The causes of anxiety and fear can be caused by various factors:

Hormonal changes in the body of some women make them calm and balanced, while others do not get rid of tearfulness;
Family relationships, financial situation, experience of previous pregnancies affect the level of stress;
An unfavorable medical prognosis and stories from those who have already given birth do not allow one to get rid of anxiety and fear.

Remember Every expectant mother's pregnancy proceeds differently, and the level of medicine makes it possible to achieve a favorable outcome in the most difficult situations.

Panic attack

A panic attack comes unexpectedly and usually occurs in crowded places (large shopping centers, metro, bus). There is no threat to life or visible reasons for fear at this moment. Panic disorders and associated phobias plague women from 20 to 30 years of age.

An attack is provoked by prolonged or one-time stress, hormone imbalance, diseases of internal organs, temperament, and genetic predisposition.

There are 3 types of attack:

Spontaneous panic. Appears unexpectedly, without reason. Accompanied by severe fear and anxiety;
Conditional situational panic. It is provoked by exposure to chemical (for example, alcohol) or biological (hormonal imbalance) substances;
Situational panic. The background for its manifestation is the reluctance to get rid of the expectation of problems or the traumatic component.

The most common symptoms include the following conditions:

Painful sensations in the chest;
Tachycardia;
VSD (vegetative-vascular dystonia);
High pressure;
Nausea, vomiting;
Fear of death;
Headaches and dizziness;
Flashes of hot and cold;
Shortness of breath, feelings of fear and anxiety;
Sudden fainting;
Unrealization;
Uncontrolled urination;
Deterioration of hearing and vision;
Impaired coordination of movements

Anxiety neurosis, features of appearance

Anxiety neurosis occurs under the influence of prolonged mental stress or severe stress and is associated with a malfunction of the autonomic system. This is a disease of the nervous system and psyche.

The main symptom is anxiety, accompanied by a number of symptoms:

Unreasonable anxiety;
Depressed state;
Insomnia;
Fear that you can’t get rid of;
Nervousness;
Intrusive anxious thoughts;
Arrhythmia and tachycardia;
Feeling of nausea;
Hypochondria;
Severe migraines;
Dizziness;
Digestive disorder.

Anxiety neurosis can be either an independent disease or a concomitant condition of phobic neurosis, depression or schizophrenia.

Attention! The disease quickly turns into a chronic disease, and the symptoms of anxiety and fear become constant companions; it is impossible to get rid of them if you do not consult a specialist in time.

During periods of exacerbation, attacks of anxiety, fear, tearfulness, and irritability appear. Anxiety can gradually degenerate into hypochondria or obsessive-compulsive neurosis.

Features of depression

The reason for its appearance is stress, failure, lack of fulfillment and emotional shock (divorce, death of a loved one, serious illness). Depression is a disease that mainly affects residents of large cities. Failure of the metabolic process of hormones responsible for emotions causes causeless depression.

Main manifestations:

Sad mood;
Apathy;
Feelings of anxiety, sometimes fear;
Constant fatigue;
Closedness;
Low self-esteem;
Indifference;
Reluctance to make decisions;
Lethargy.

Hangover anxiety

Intoxication of the body occurs in everyone who drinks alcoholic beverages.

To get rid of it, all organs join the fight against poisoning. The reaction from the nervous system is manifested in a person’s feeling of intoxication, accompanied by frequent mood swings that cannot be eliminated, and fear.

Then comes a hangover syndrome, accompanied by anxiety, manifested as follows:

Mood swings, neuroses in the morning;
Nausea, discomfort in the abdomen;
Tides;
Dizziness;
Memory losses;
Hallucinations accompanied by anxiety and fear;
Pressure surges;
Arrhythmia;
Despair;
Panic fear.

Psychological techniques to help get rid of anxiety

Even calm and balanced people periodically experience anxiety; what to do, how to get rid of anxiety and fear in order to regain peace of mind.

There are special psychological techniques for anxiety that will help get rid of problems:

Give in to anxiety and fear, set aside 20 minutes a day for this, just not before bed. Immerse yourself in a sore subject, give free rein to your tears, but as soon as time is up, proceed with your daily activities, get rid of anxieties, fears and worries;
Get rid of anxiety about the future, live in the present. Imagine anxiety and fear as a stream of smoke rising and dissolving high in the sky;
Don't dramatize what's happening. Get rid of the desire to control everything. Get rid of anxiety, fear and constant tension. Knitting and reading light literature make life calmer, relieve feelings of hopelessness and depression;
Play sports, get rid of despondency, it improves your mood and increases self-esteem. Even 2 half-hour workouts a week will help relieve many fears and get rid of anxiety;
An activity you enjoy, a hobby, will help you get rid of anxiety;
Meetings with loved ones, hikes, trips are the best way to get rid of internal experiences and anxiety.

How to get rid of fear

Before fear crosses all boundaries and turns into pathology, get rid of it:

Don’t concentrate on disturbing thoughts, get rid of them, learn to switch to positive aspects;
Do not dramatize the situation, realistically assess what is happening;
Learn to quickly get rid of fear. There are many ways: art therapy, yoga, switching techniques, meditation, listening to classical music;
Focus on the positive by repeating, “I am protected. I'm fine. I am safe,” until you get rid of fear;
Don’t be afraid of fear, psychologists advise studying it and even talking and writing letters to your fear. This allows you to get rid of it faster;
To get rid of fear within yourself, meet it, go through it over and over again until you manage to get rid of it;
There is a good breathing exercise for getting rid of fear and anxiety. You need to sit comfortably, straighten your back and begin to breathe slowly deeply, mentally imagining that you are inhaling courage and exhaling fear. In about 3-5 minutes you will be able to get rid of fear and anxiety.

What to do if you need to quickly get rid of fear?

There are times when you need to quickly get rid of fear. These can be emergency cases where life and death are at stake.

A psychologist's advice will help you get rid of shock, take the situation into your own hands, and suppress panic and anxiety:

Breathing techniques will help you calm down and get rid of anxiety and fear. Take a slow, deep breath in and out at least 10 times. This will make it possible to realize what is happening and get rid of anxiety and fear;
Get very angry, this will relieve fear and give you the opportunity to act immediately;
Talk to yourself, calling yourself by name. You will calm down internally, get rid of anxiety, be able to assess the situation you find yourself in and understand how to act;
A good way to get rid of anxiety, remember something funny and laugh heartily. The fear will quickly disappear.

When should you seek help from a doctor?

From time to time, every person experiences feelings of anxiety or fear. Usually these sensations do not last long, and you can get rid of them on your own. If your psychological state is out of control and you can no longer get rid of anxiety on your own, you need to consult a doctor.

Reasons for visiting:

Attacks of fear are accompanied by panic horror;
The desire to get rid of anxiety leads to isolation, isolation from people and an attempt by all means to get rid of an uncomfortable situation;
Physiological component: chest pain, lack of oxygen, dizziness, nausea, pressure surges, which cannot be eliminated.

An unstable emotional state, accompanied by physical exhaustion, leads to mental pathologies of varying severity with increased anxiety.

You cannot get rid of these types of anxiety on your own; you need medical help.

How to Get Rid of Worry and Anxiety with Medication

To relieve the patient of anxiety and fear, the doctor may prescribe treatment with pills. When treated with pills, patients often experience relapses, so in order to completely get rid of the disease, this method is combined with psychotherapy to achieve a good result.

Mild forms of mental illness can be treated by taking antidepressants. In order to finally get rid of symptoms with positive dynamics, a course of maintenance therapy is prescribed for a period of six months to a year.

In severe forms of the disease, the patient is treated inpatiently and placed in a hospital.

Antidepressants, antipsychotics and insulin are administered to the patient by injection.

Drugs that relieve anxiety and have a sedative effect can be purchased freely at pharmacies:

Valerian acts as a mild sedative. Taken for 2-3 weeks, 2 pieces per day.
Persen is drunk 2-3 times within 24 hours, 2-3 pieces each, to get rid of causeless anxiety, fear and restlessness for a maximum of 2 months.
Novo-passit is prescribed to get rid of causeless anxiety. Drink 1 tablet 3 times a day. The duration of the course depends on the clinical picture of the disease.
Grandaxin 3 times a day after meals to relieve anxiety.

Psychotherapy for anxiety disorders

Panic attacks and unreasonable anxiety are well treated with the help of cognitive behavioral psychotherapy, based on the findings that the causes of mental illness and psychological problems lie in the distortions of the patient's thinking. He is taught to get rid of inappropriate and illogical thoughts, taught to solve problems that previously seemed insurmountable.

It differs from psychoanalysis in that it does not attach importance to childhood memories, the emphasis is on the current moment. A person learns to act and think realistically, getting rid of fears. To get rid of anxiety you need from 5 to 20 sessions.

The technical side of the technique consists in repeatedly immersing the patient in a situation that causes fear and teaching him to control what is happening. Constant contact with the problem gradually allows you to get rid of anxiety and fear.

What is the treatment?

Generalized anxiety disorder is characterized by a general, persistent state of anxiety that is not related to specific situations or objects. It has a not very strong, but long-lasting, exhausting effect.

To get rid of the disease, the following methods are used:

Method of exposure and reaction prevention. It consists of completely immersing yourself in your fear or anxiety. Gradually, the symptom becomes weaker and it is possible to completely get rid of it;
Cognitive behavioral psychotherapy gives very good results in getting rid of causeless anxiety.

Combating panic attacks and anxiety

Tranquilizers are traditionally used to relieve anxiety and panic attacks. These drugs quickly relieve symptoms, but have side effects and do not eliminate the causes.

In mild cases, you can use preparations made from herbs: birch leaves, chamomile, motherwort, valerian.

Attention! Drug therapy is not sufficient to get rid of all problems in the fight against panic attacks and anxiety. The best treatment method is psychotherapy.

A good doctor not only prescribes medications that relieve symptoms, but also helps to understand the causes of anxiety, making it possible to get rid of the possibility of the disease returning.

Conclusion

The modern level of development of medicine allows you to get rid of feelings of anxiety and fear in a short time if you contact specialists in a timely manner. An integrated approach is used in treatment. The best results are achieved with a combination of hypnosis, physical rehabilitation, cognitive behavioral psychotherapy and drug treatment (in difficult situations).