How to determine the date of conception based on the last menstruation. Methods for determining the date of conception

In modern obstetrics, it is customary to count the gestational age from the first day of menstruation preceding conception. And in the Pregnancy Calendar on 7ya.ru we will do the same. It turns out that at 1 week of pregnancy, conception has not yet occurred, the expectant mother’s body is only preparing for it - menstruation passes and ends, and the egg matures in the ovary. In about 12-14 days, she will leave the ovary - ovulation will occur - and, with a successful combination of circumstances, will meet with sperm. This will give the beginning of a new life.

Since fertilization has not actually occurred yet, there are no signs of pregnancy at 1 week - they simply cannot exist yet. But during this period, the woman is completely confident in her desire to be a mother, she feels a certain uplift and surge of strength. It's all about hormones - her body is slowly preparing for the upcoming ovulation.

Planning a pregnancy is a very important stage at which both parents need to take care of their health and reconsider their attitude towards addictions. After all, the chance of pregnancy and the birth of a healthy baby depends on how healthy the parents are. During this period, it is extremely undesirable for one or both parents to drink alcohol, take drugs or medications that can affect the development of the fetus and the course of pregnancy. If you have long wanted to quit smoking, now is the time. The chance of conceiving is much lower for fathers who smoke than for non-smokers. The reason for this is the detrimental effect of nicotine on the number of sperm and their motility.

At 1 week of pregnancy, the expectant mother needs to eat right, walk a lot in the fresh air, do physical exercise and take prenatal vitamins containing all the necessary substances, including folic acid, which reduces the risk of developing neural tube defects in the fetus during pregnancy. Also, the expectant mother needs to avoid X-ray exposure to the abdominal cavity, which can affect the conception and health of the unborn baby.

Gynecologists begin to keep a pregnancy record from the beginning of the last menstruation, that is, from the moment when fertilization has not actually occurred yet. At the 2nd week of pregnancy, the woman’s body is just preparing for the meeting of the egg and sperm: at this time the egg matures and ovulation occurs, but from a medical point of view there is no pregnancy itself. If a woman is planning a pregnancy, then now she does not need a pregnancy test, but a test to determine ovulation. Ultrasound is not done in the second week of pregnancy (unless there is a need to accurately determine ovulation).

In the second week of pregnancy, the level of hormones that will preserve the fetus increases. During the period of ovulation, a woman feels very well: menstruation has passed and the weakness associated with it has also passed. There are no specific sensations in the woman’s body yet; there are no signs of pregnancy in the second obstetric week.

If you are planning a pregnancy, gynecologists recommend not douching before sexual intercourse and do not use cosmetics for intimate hygiene that can change the acidic environment in the vagina; just take a shower and get ready for a good result. Do not forget about vitamins for pregnant women, completely stop taking them alcohol, stop smoking and avoid stress.

According to the obstetric calendar, the third week of pregnancy corresponds to the first week of pregnancy from conception. At this time, the mature egg migrates into the uterine cavity - as it passes through the fallopian tube, sperm begin to attack it. Millions of sperm surround the egg and compete for the right to fertilize. But only one of them will penetrate the membrane of the oocyte and unite with it, giving rise to a new life. After the sperm penetrates the egg, a peculiar chemical reaction is triggered, and the shell of the egg becomes impermeable to other sperm.

30 hours after the fusion of the sperm and egg, the zygote divides into cells within itself. Having reached the uterus, the zygote begins to settle in a new place. It is during this period that the placenta begins to form, which protects and nourishes the fetus throughout pregnancy until birth. The embryo does not yet look like a child at all, for now it is only a set of cells measuring 0.150 mm, but it already has all the genetic material received from the parents - it has 23 pairs of chromosomes. By the way, the 3rd obstetric week of pregnancy is the period when the fertilized egg begins its active division, and at this moment (if the parents have a genetic predisposition) a multiple pregnancy may begin to develop.

An ultrasound at 3 weeks of pregnancy can show exactly where the fertilized egg has attached. At this stage, your doctor can determine whether the pregnancy is normal or ectopic. Ectopic pregnancy is a life-threatening pathology of pregnancy in which the fertilized egg is implanted not in the uterine cavity, but in the fallopian tube, ovary, or even in the abdominal cavity. A woman diagnosed with an ectopic pregnancy must be immediately hospitalized for further treatment and surgery.

So, the 4th week of pregnancy has arrived. What happens at this stage? Firstly, the fertilized egg attached to the wall of the uterus can now be safely called an embryo. However, it still does not look like a little person at all; rather, it resembles a flat disk that consists of three layers (germ layers). Each layer is transformed into internal organs during the growth and development of the embryo. The cells of the inner layer (endoderm) are the future digestive tract, liver, pancreas and thyroid glands, organs of the respiratory system of your baby. The cells of the middle layer (mesoderm) will form the bone skeleton, connective and muscle tissue, the circulatory and excretory systems and organs of the reproductive system. From the outer layer (ectoderm) extraembryonic organs are formed - the yolk sac, chorion and amniotic membrane of the fetus. These organs perform the protective, nutritional and respiratory functions of the fetus during pregnancy. At this stage of pregnancy, the embryo is deep inside the uterus and grows tirelessly. By the end of the fourth week, blastogenesis, the initial stage of intrauterine development of the embryo, is completed. At 4 weeks of gestation, the embryo is approximately 0.36 mm long and 1 mm wide - like a small poppy seed.

In the fourth week, not only the baby is actively growing, but also the placenta, without which the development of pregnancy and the survival of the fetus would be impossible. Thanks to the placenta, the embryo receives all the necessary nutrients from the mother’s body, and with its help it breathes. Placentation is a long process that is completely completed by the 12th week of pregnancy.

At this time, the expectant mother may begin to recognize the first signs of pregnancy. The most classic one is delayed menstruation. If you are delayed by at least one day, you can take a pregnancy test or donate blood for hCG. During a gynecological examination, pregnancy in the early stages is quite difficult to determine, and the results can be very ambiguous. Ultrasound at the 4th week of pregnancy is also still uninformative, but it can help recognize an ectopic pregnancy and make a correct diagnosis.

The 5th week of pregnancy has arrived. The embryo has reached the size of a small sesame seed, and the formation of all its systems and internal organs continues. During this period, it is especially important for the expectant mother to monitor her diet and take prenatal vitamins containing the entire necessary complex of substances, including folic acid (vitamin B9), which reduces the risk of developing neural tube defects in the fetus. During this period, it is extremely undesirable to take alcohol or narcotic substances, as well as medications that can harm the health of the unborn baby or even terminate the pregnancy.

At week 5, the signs of pregnancy are almost invisible, but the expectant mother already feels her unusual condition. During this period, a woman’s hormonal background undergoes strong changes, causing rapid mood swings, tearfulness and excessive emotionality. Also, at 5 weeks of pregnancy, the expectant mother may be bothered by fatigue and general malaise. Many women begin to experience painful attacks of nausea and vomiting in the morning - early toxicosis of pregnancy, which is accompanied by headaches, sensitivity to smells and tastes. It is possible that symptoms such as frequent urination may occur during pregnancy.

The 5th obstetric week of pregnancy is an anxious time for many expectant mothers, especially those who were planning a pregnancy. Miscarriage is not uncommon in early pregnancy, especially if the woman is at risk or has experienced severe stress or trauma. Risk factors for a non-developing pregnancy or miscarriage usually include: endocrine or genetic disorders, age over 35 years, gynecological diseases, unhealthy lifestyle, the presence of sexually transmitted infections, two or more miscarriages in the past. If there is reason for concern (for example, pain in the lower abdomen during pregnancy, there is bloody vaginal discharge, fever) - immediately consult a doctor for all necessary examinations and hospitalization!

Almost half of the first trimester is over, because you are already 6 weeks pregnant. The fruit has reached the size of a pomegranate seed and continues to grow actively. Its internal organs are actively developing and the most important systems of the body are improving. An ultrasound at 6 weeks of pregnancy already very clearly shows where the embryo is located. Around this time, the face is formed: the rudiments of the eyes and nose appear, the future chin, cheeks, and ear canals are drawn. At 6 weeks, you can listen to the heartbeat of the embryo, and after some time you can find out its frequency.

With the restructuring of the hormonal background of the expectant mother, important changes occur in her body. The pregnant uterus increases in size, its shape, reactivity, consistency changes, and blood flow increases. The vaginal mucosa also becomes congested, glycogen accumulates in it. Normal discharge at the 6th week of pregnancy is milky or transparent, with a uniform consistency and without an unpleasant odor. If your vaginal discharge has a yellow or green tint, you should immediately consult a doctor for diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases. You should also immediately seek medical help if you notice brown or bloody discharge - this may be a sign of a threatened miscarriage.

Do you have a stomach ache at 6 weeks of pregnancy? Don’t delay visiting the doctor! Unfortunately, early miscarriage is not such a rare occurrence. If you are at risk (your previous pregnancies ended in spontaneous abortion, your lifestyle cannot be called correct, you are over 35 years old, there is a predisposition to genetic disorders, endocrine or gynecological diseases, infections, etc.), it is necessary to strengthen monitoring of the course pregnancy and undergo timely examinations.

The 7th week of pregnancy has arrived. The development and growth of the embryo continues, the most basic parts of the brain have formed, the nervous and cardiovascular systems are improving, and the limbs and gonads are slowly developing. An ultrasound at 7 weeks of pregnancy will determine the stage of fetal development and its activity, and with the help of a special sensor, the doctor can listen to the heartbeat of the little man.

Many expectant mothers complain of headaches during pregnancy, especially in the early stages. This may be due to hormonal changes occurring in a woman’s body, lack of oxygen, excessive workload, or stress. Even improper nutrition of a pregnant woman and substances entering the body can provoke a headache. To diagnose and solve the problem, consult a doctor, do not self-medicate. Uncontrolled use of medications during pregnancy can cause serious harm to health and have a negative impact on the development of the fetus.

To prevent headaches, expectant mothers need to rest more often, avoid noisy and stuffy places, stressful situations, loud sounds and very bright lights, do not overeat, do exercises for the pregnant woman and spend more time in the fresh air. During severe attacks, turn off all sources of sound and light ( including gadgets), drink a glass of cool still water, apply a damp compress to the forehead and take a horizontal position. If possible, ask your husband or someone close to you to give you a relaxing head and neck massage.

The 8th week of pregnancy is the best time to register with the antenatal clinic. During the initial visit, all important examinations of the expectant mother are carried out: the gynecologist will measure the woman’s pelvis and weight, conduct an examination on the chair, take a smear for infections, assess the condition of the cervix and give directions for blood and urine tests. Ultrasound at the 8th week of pregnancy is only indicated if you did not have time to do it earlier (for example, to clarify the pregnancy). First trimester screening is carried out a little later - at 11-13 weeks of pregnancy.

At 8 weeks of pregnancy, the expectant mother’s belly may periodically ache: some women notice slight contractions of the uterus (early training contractions) and unpleasant pain associated with stretching of the ligaments that hold the growing uterus. Nagging pain in the lower abdomen is a serious reason to consult a doctor, as their appearance may indicate a threat of miscarriage!

At this stage, the expectant mother’s breasts have already enlarged; under the influence of the hormone prolactin, the glands responsible for the production of mother’s milk begin to grow. From the 8th week, the cervix softens, and the mucous membrane of the cervical canal produces cervical secretion. The mucus accumulates and becomes thick, forming a plug and blocking the path of any infection from the vagina, thereby protecting the growing fetus. By the way, the removal of a plug from the cervical canal is one of the harbingers of impending childbirth.

The 8th obstetric week of pregnancy is the period when the fetus’s genital organs are formed and the hormones necessary for their proper functioning are produced. Right now, the optic nerve begins to emerge in your future baby, muscle tissue and bones continue their active development, olfactory receptors are born in the small nose, and taste buds are born on the tongue. The fetus at the 8th week of pregnancy has reached the size of a small grape and already weighs about 0.25 g.

The 3rd month of pregnancy has begun. At this stage, the figure of expectant mothers changes: at the 9th week of pregnancy, the belly increases slightly, the breasts continue to grow, the pregnant woman notices special sensitivity and soreness of the nipples, some women may already gradually secrete colostrum at this stage. Bloating, discomfort in the intestinal area , bowel irregularities, morning sickness in a pregnant woman, frequent urination are standard phenomena at 9 weeks.

Discharge at the 9th week of pregnancy during this period is usually unremarkable, but the expectant mother needs to monitor its changes. Bloody or brown vaginal discharge may indicate the need for urgent hospitalization to exclude the possibility of termination of pregnancy. If you notice suspicious discharge of a yellowish, greenish tint, with an unpleasant odor, cheesy, flaky or other atypical consistency, it makes sense to immediately consult a doctor. Any genital infection in your situation is a great danger to the life and health of the fetus. Do not self-medicate under any circumstances, entrust your health to specialists!

The fetus at the 9th week of pregnancy is actively growing, it has already gotten rid of its gills, and very soon its tail will also disappear. The baby’s arched body is slowly taking on a human appearance, internal organs are developing, and life support systems are being established. To more accurately assess the condition of the fetus and its development, your doctor may prescribe an ultrasound at 9 weeks of pregnancy.

The 10th week of pregnancy has arrived. The expectant mother's belly continues to grow, her breasts continue to swell and ache. Active hormonal changes in a woman’s body provoke early toxicosis. Nausea and periodic vomiting are accompanied by other sensations - drowsiness, fatigue, confusion, headaches. Also, the expectant mother may experience mood swings, increased excitability and emotional instability. Pigment spots during pregnancy are another little “surprise” that awaits a woman in the early stages. However, experts say there is no reason to worry: skin hyperpigmentation disappears soon after childbirth. Expectant mothers are advised to be very careful when exposed to the sun and use special sunscreens.

A woman’s 10th week of pregnancy is the time to update her wardrobe and switch to more comfortable clothes. It is not recommended to wear regular jeans or tight skirts, as they can put pressure on the stomach, which is extremely undesirable. Comfortable and beautiful clothes for pregnant women are what you need. If you have large breasts, you may now need to wear special underwear that will support your bust without putting pressure or interfering with blood circulation. Even if you have small breasts, buy a nursing bra - you will appreciate its convenience.

At 10 weeks of pregnancy, the fetus does not stop growing for a second. He has already reached the size of a small strawberry and is becoming more and more human-like. The organs of vision and hearing are formed, the rudiments of future teeth are born. At this stage, the baby has full-fledged arms and legs, and small fingers are able to clench into a fist.

The first trimester continues. At the 11th week of pregnancy, the expectant mother’s belly continues to slowly grow, the uterus increases in size, the mammary glands become engorged, and the nipples become even more sensitive. Metabolism increases in the woman’s body, associated with the increasing need of the fetus for nutrients. Some pregnant women note the appearance of sweating during this period, as well as a constant feeling of thirst. Right now, most mothers are experiencing brittle nails, and their hair is becoming dull and prone to falling out. The skin also undergoes changes during pregnancy: the work of the sebaceous glands increases, thereby causing the appearance of unwanted oily sheen, acne and enlarged pores.

Some pregnant women at 11 weeks experience the exact opposite picture: hormones have a beneficial effect on the condition of hair, skin and nails. This difference is explained by the individual characteristics of the body; the nutrition of the pregnant woman during this period is also of considerable importance. Correctly selected vitamins for pregnant women, as well as various cosmetic procedures that are not prohibited by your doctor, will help solve the problem.

At 11 obstetric weeks, the little man growing inside you develops a sense of smell: he can already smell the food you eat. The baby responds to his mother’s sudden movements and covers his face with his hands, stretches and becomes active. At the 11th week of pregnancy, the fetus can turn over 360 degrees and push off from the walls of the uterus, but the expectant mother does not yet feel its movements - this will happen later.

The 11th week of pregnancy is the period when your doctor can prescribe your first screening. This is necessary to assess fetal development, identify pathologies (such as Down syndrome, Patau syndrome, fetal neural tube defect, etc.) and the course of your pregnancy in general. Ultrasound at the 11th week of pregnancy is not a mandatory procedure; some pregnant women refuse to undergo it, however, obstetricians-gynecologists, geneticists and neonatologists strongly recommend not to avoid this study.

The 12th week of pregnancy is a relatively quiet time for the expectant mother. During this period, most women stop early toxicosis, and the general condition of the body improves. At the 12th week of pregnancy, the belly grows along with the uterus; it is not yet so noticeable to others and does not cause any inconvenience to the pregnant woman. The pregnant uterus rises a little higher and stops putting pressure on the bladder, but begins to put pressure on the intestines. For this reason, constipation occurs in pregnant women, as well as flatulence and a feeling of discomfort in the abdomen. At this stage, many mothers note an improvement in appetite and begin to eat “for two,” which is extremely undesirable: excess weight during pregnancy can complicate the course of childbirth, as well as the postpartum period.

At the 12th week of pregnancy - the period of prenatal screening, which includes ultrasound and biochemical analysis of the mother's blood. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the course of pregnancy and fetal development. It is during this period that it is possible to recognize the presence of chromosomal pathologies and genetic diseases in the fetus (for example, fetal neural tube defect, Down syndrome), deformation or absence of organs and limbs. For a more accurate diagnosis, ultrasound at 12 weeks of pregnancy is performed using the transvaginal method.

A child at the 12th week of pregnancy has reached the size of a small passion fruit fruit and weighs approximately 9-14 g. Its internal organs are developing and improving every day, nail beds appear on small fingers, and the rudiments of marigolds appear in them. At this stage, the genital organs of the fetus also appear, but it is still not possible to determine the sex of the unborn child. The expectant mother always listens to her sensations: the first movements of the fetus are a real event for the whole family! As soon as the baby grows up and gains weight, they will become really noticeable.

The 13th week of pregnancy is one of the most favorable periods for the expectant mother and baby. During this period, the threat of miscarriage is significantly reduced, the fetus is safer and subject to fewer risks than at the beginning of pregnancy. The expectant mother can breathe a sigh of relief, but she shouldn’t relax completely either: the end of the first trimester still requires careful attention to her health. Proper nutrition for a pregnant woman, compliance with all the doctor’s instructions, walks in the fresh air and complete peace of mind are the key to the successful course of your pregnancy at this stage.

The end of the first trimester of pregnancy makes significant changes in the body of the expectant mother. At the 13th week of pregnancy, the uterus constantly increases in size and rises higher. Now it fills almost the entire hip area and rises into the abdominal area. At each examination, the gynecologist will now measure the height of the uterine fundus. Normally, the height of the uterine fundus corresponds to the obstetric period in weeks and is easily palpable. The approximate size of the uterus of a pregnant woman at 13 weeks is 10 cm wide and 13 cm high. It becomes more elastic and softer,

The tone of the uterus in the second trimester will no longer be so bad, as it becomes more elastic and softer, and contractions are short-lived. If a pregnant woman feels slight pain in the lower abdomen, it is necessary to avoid any physical activity and lie down. More severe pain, accompanied by weakness, fever, and specific vaginal discharge, is a serious reason to consult your doctor. Be carefull!

The 14th week of pregnancy is the beginning of the second trimester; it can be called the calmest period in the process of bearing a child. Irritability and nervousness are replaced by a feeling of peace and calm, but increased tearfulness may accompany you throughout the entire period of pregnancy. Enjoy your situation, good health and mood.

At the 14th week of pregnancy, the belly increases in size, the expectant mother gains about 2-3 kg by this time, this happens with an increase in the volume of blood and lymphatic fluid, and with the active growth of subcutaneous fat. Since hormonal levels have changed, during this period of pregnancy you should not overindulge in sweet foods and baked goods - they can lead to sudden weight gain.

At the 14th week of pregnancy, new growths may appear on a woman’s skin - moles and papillomas (soft warts). Don't worry, papillomas are common during pregnancy. When the hormonal levels return to normal, they will disappear. If you previously had papillomas and you notice that they are changing in size and growing, and birthmarks are enlarging and darkening, you need to consult a doctor to find out the reasons.

Also, the expectant mother may have another problem - condylomas (warts) in the vagina or anus. Their appearance is associated with the papilloma virus - this is also a problem that should be addressed by a doctor. Condylomas during pregnancy are especially dangerous; they can cause complications, as they tend to grow, thereby clogging the birth canal, subsequently preventing childbirth. However, the most unpleasant thing is that during childbirth, your baby can become infected with this virus. So treatment of condylomas is a mandatory measure to preserve the health of not only the expectant mother, but also the baby.

The development of pregnancy at week 15 introduces some unfavorable changes in the body of the expectant mother. During this period, pregnant women notice a deterioration in the condition of the skin, hair and nails, as well as crumbling teeth. This happens for the reason that all energy costs and nutrients from the mother’s body go to the development of the fetus. In the second trimester of pregnancy, the fetus continues to actively develop and grow; it requires large quantities of nutrients, vitamins and microelements, especially calcium and proteins.

The belly at the 15th week of pregnancy, following the fetus, grows and becomes even more rounded. Some pregnant women may notice during this period the appearance of a dark stripe on their stomach, running from the navel down. Don't worry - this is a temporary phenomenon that will disappear soon after giving birth.

The uterus at the 15th week of pregnancy becomes even larger compared to the previous 14 weeks. The height of the fundus of the uterus is 14 cm. A pregnant woman can feel it on her own by placing her palm on the lower abdomen about 4-5 fingers below the navel. The uterus no longer puts pressure on the bladder, so the frequency of urination returns to normal. But the uterus still puts pressure on the intestines: problems with stool are not excluded. Constipation during pregnancy causes discomfort and unpleasant sensations not only for the expectant mother, but for the fetus. After all, timely cleansing of the intestines of a pregnant woman helps eliminate waste and toxins. Therefore, to avoid constipation, it is recommended to review your diet. Diversify your diet during the 15th week of pregnancy with healthy healthy foods: vegetables and fruits, whole grain bread, meat, cheese, cereals, dairy products, sprouted grains, cottage cheese, drink at least 2 liters of water per day.

The 16th week of pregnancy is the end of the fourth month. At 16 weeks of pregnancy, the expectant mother’s sensations may intensify. It is during this period that the expectant mother can feel the baby’s first movements, because he has already reached the size of a small apple! True, sometimes it’s even difficult to realize them, they are so easy. Since the fetus is in the free space of the uterus, and all its movements are “smoothed” by the amniotic fluid, the first movements resemble the “movements of a fish,” “the fluttering of a butterfly,” or “the bursting of bubbles.” The belly at 16 weeks of pregnancy continues to round,

Discharge at the 16th week of pregnancy can also change its character: it becomes milky in color and increases in volume. This is completely normal, such discharge is normal. At this stage of pregnancy, the discharge should be homogeneous and should not cause discomfort in the form of burning and pain. During pregnancy, signs of an incipient infection may include a change in the consistency, color and pungent odor of the discharge. If there is red, brown, yellow, green or bright yellow discharge with a pungent odor, accompanied by pain, the pregnant woman should report this to a gynecologist for a comprehensive examination.

17th week of pregnancy - the beginning of the fifth month. For the expectant mother, this is the most favorable period of pregnancy; her mood and well-being should be at their best. It is important for a pregnant woman to rest more, walk, eat right and do special exercises. At the 17th week of pregnancy, the belly continues to grow along with the fetus, which by this time is already the size of a pear. At the beginning of the fifth month of pregnancy, some changes occur associated with increased activity of the baby - for him this is the 15th week of life. The expectant mother begins to perceive the presence of the child, and the first emotional connection is established between them. During this period, you can start communicating with the baby - he can already hear his parents.

At the 17th week of pregnancy, the fetus becomes more energetic, and some sensitive pregnant women may feel the first slight movements of their child. By the beginning of the 5th month of pregnancy, the development of the placenta is completed. Its walls are a thick, dense layer, and its weight is about 450 g. The placenta is entangled in a network of blood vessels through which the fetus receives nutrients and oxygen. Due to an increase in the conductivity of nutrients in the vessels of the placenta, the expectant mother may complain of a rapid heartbeat. In pregnant women at 17 weeks, bleeding gums and nosebleeds may occur as a result of this heart activity. Women also note increased sweating and more abundant vaginal discharge during this period.

The 18th week of pregnancy has arrived, during this period pregnant women usually no longer experience toxicosis, but may encounter another equally unpleasant problem - dizziness. Dizziness in pregnant women is a phenomenon that occurs due to hypotension. In pregnant women, in the middle of the 2nd trimester, blood pressure can drop sharply to very low levels. However, in general this condition is not dangerous. More often it is typical for women prone to arterial hypotension outside of pregnancy.

At the 18th week of pregnancy, the belly becomes even larger, and the center of gravity is redistributed. In this regard, the gait of the expectant mother changes, and aching pain in the lower back may appear. Pregnant women also note pain in the buttocks and abdomen, most often due to pressure from the enlarging uterus on the nerve plexuses located in these places. It is very important to choose suitable clothing that will support your already fairly round belly and will not squeeze it.

A growing belly and increasing anxiety about your baby can lead to sleep disturbances in a pregnant woman. Special pillows will help you find a comfortable sleeping position and at least partially relieve tension. These same pillows will also be very useful after the baby is born, when the mother begins to breastfeed her baby.

So, 19 weeks of pregnancy. The feelings of many expectant mothers are full of excitement and joy, because fetal movements become more obvious. Some pregnant women feel the baby begin to move earlier, but this mostly happens between 18 and 22 weeks. Sometimes there is no fetal movement at the 19th week of pregnancy, thereby causing anxiety in expectant mothers. If the pregnancy itself is going well, there is no reason to worry - everything will happen soon, you just need to be patient. It should be noted that obese women begin to feel fetal movements later. Conversely, thin women or those who have already been in an interesting position before record their child’s activity earlier.

As soon as the expectant mother feels the first movements of the fetus during pregnancy, she should pay attention to their frequency: on average, the baby will be active 4-8 times per hour. If there is not enough oxygen or nutrients in the mother's blood, the fetus's activity increases. Perhaps your doctor has already talked about what fetal hypoxia is and why it is dangerous. What should the expectant mother do? Take care of your baby and provide him with a greater flow of oxygen. Long walks in the fresh air, deep inhalations and exhalations, yoga for pregnant women or therapeutic exercises - all this will help avoid the development of fetal hypoxia during pregnancy and improve your overall well-being. The child’s activity can also change depending on the mother’s emotional state. It is important for future parents to realize that any stress causes great harm to the health and nervous system of their baby. Pregnancy should take place with complete emotional comfort of the woman.

Week 20 – end of the fifth month of pregnancy. During this period, expectant mothers note increased pain in the lumbar region and back. This is due to a shift in the center of gravity and additional stress on the back and muscles due to the increasing weight of the pregnant woman, because the belly is actively growing and the baby is actively gaining weight. The uterus at the 20th week of pregnancy also continues to grow, its size has increased three times compared to its usual size, and the fundus of the uterus is already at the level of the navel.

To “unload” the spine, doctors recommend performing special gymnastics for pregnant women. Water aerobics for pregnant women and fitball exercises have a very good effect. It is worth giving up shoes with heels, maintaining your posture and trying not to put stress on your back. Clothing for pregnant women should also be as comfortable as possible, preferably made from natural fabrics and without straps, elastic bands, etc. squeezing the stomach. Following these recommendations will definitely help if you have back pain during pregnancy.

Cramps during pregnancy are another unpleasant phenomenon that worries expectant mothers. The reason for their appearance may be a deficiency of vitamins and other microelements, since the fetus at the 20th week of pregnancy actively begins to take from the mother’s body all that is most useful for its development. In order to prevent mineral deficiency, it is recommended to take a vitamin-mineral complex designed specifically for pregnant women. However, it is better to select vitamins for pregnant women together with your doctor to avoid troubles.

To assess the progress of your interesting situation, the doctor may also order an ultrasound examination. An ultrasound at 20 weeks of pregnancy will tell you not only about how your baby is growing and developing, but also about the condition of the amniotic fluid and placenta. Some pregnant women at this stage are diagnosed with placenta previa, a pathology in which the placenta is completely or partially located in the lower segment of the uterus (in the area of ​​the internal uterine os, i.e. on the way to the birth of the child).

The 21st week has arrived, which means that half of the gestation period has already passed. At 21 weeks of pregnancy, your belly is already becoming noticeable to others, fetal movements are felt more clearly, some mothers note that their babies are especially active and even see their movements. What happens to the baby at 21 weeks of pregnancy? He continues to grow actively, his hearing is quite well developed, a swallowing reflex has appeared, and taste buds are actively forming. At this time, a pregnant woman's diet should be especially balanced and healthy. Some expectant mothers note an increase in appetite, sometimes manifested by bouts of severe hunger. Experts recommend not to get carried away, otherwise a sharp and at the same time unwanted weight gain cannot be avoided.

The growing uterus at 21 weeks of pregnancy continues to put pressure on the internal organs. At this stage, pregnant women experience difficulty breathing. Shortness of breath in pregnant women is associated with pressure from the uterus on the diaphragm and lungs, and for many expectant mothers it persists until the onset of childbirth. A simple but quite effective way to cope with the lack of oxygen is breathing exercises for pregnant women. If you have difficulty breathing at night, you can try sleeping in a semi-sitting position with a couple of large pillows under your head.

At 21 weeks of pregnancy, pain in the lower back and back, as well as in the navel area, becomes increasingly noticeable. A pregnant woman may complain of pain and heaviness in her legs, swelling, and even cramps. Wearing the right clothes and shoes, gymnastics or yoga for pregnant women, foot baths and a light relaxing massage will help the expectant mother cope with unpleasant sensations.

At the 22nd week of pregnancy, the fetus has reached the size of a zucchini, its movements in the still fairly spacious womb become more intense. The expectant mother can understand which parts of the body the baby is pushing; at least ten movements of the baby should be felt during the day. If you notice that the child moves much less often than usual or barely moves, contact your doctor immediately, he will help determine why the child moves less.

At this stage, expectant mothers complain about the inconvenience associated with choosing a comfortable position for rest, because at 22 weeks of pregnancy the stomach is already quite large and does not allow you to sleep as you want. Also, the growing uterus puts pressure on internal organs, including the lungs and diaphragm, making it difficult for the pregnant woman to breathe. At week 22, expectant mothers note their increased emotionality and sensitivity; some experience a craving for certain foods and their combinations. Experts recommend monitoring a pregnant woman’s diet, avoiding overeating and not eating junk food. Heartburn during pregnancy is a common occurrence, especially in the second and third trimesters. Correcting the diet, doing as much physical activity as possible and following all the doctor’s instructions will help the expectant mother cope with the disease.

Another unpleasant “surprise” that can await women at 22 weeks is hemorrhoids. During pregnancy, it often occurs with painful sensations and causes a lot of inconvenience. The appearance of this problem is associated with circulatory disorders in the pelvis: the uterus at 22 weeks of pregnancy increases in size and begins to compress the blood vessels. Because of this, the outflow of blood worsens and stagnation occurs. Treatment of hemorrhoids during pregnancy is carried out under the strict guidance of a doctor: he will tell you what changes you need to make to your diet, what exercises for pregnant women to do, and prescribe effective therapy that is right for you. Suppositories for hemorrhoids during pregnancy or ointment will help you in the fight against such a delicate problem.

So, you are 23 weeks pregnant. The development of the fetus continues at this stage; in size it already resembles a small eggplant and weighs about half a kilogram. Due to the small amount of brown subcutaneous fat and very thin skin, his face and body are still thin and wrinkled. A baby at the 23rd week of pregnancy behaves very actively, the expectant mother clearly feels his movements and can determine exactly where he is. If the child pushes unusually hard, too often, or, on the contrary, his movements begin to be felt less frequently or disappear altogether, immediately consult your doctor. It will help identify and eliminate the causes of impaired fetal motor activity.

The 23rd week of pregnancy imposes certain restrictions on the expectant mother’s workload. During this period, you should not lift weights or overexert yourself; it is advisable to use a bandage for pregnant women. Despite the constantly expanding belly, at the 23rd week of pregnancy it is recommended not to reduce physical activity and spend more time in the fresh air to provide the baby with good oxygen nutrition. Fetal hypoxia is a serious problem; to prevent it, you must follow all the recommendations of your doctor and try to avoid stressful situations.

At this stage, constipation may become a frequent “guest” in a pregnant woman. Try to eat foods rich in fiber, stay hydrated, and don’t forget about physical activity. Remember that timely cleansing of the intestines is the key to the well-being of the expectant mother. Another trouble that continues to accompany most pregnant women is heartburn and discomfort in the epigastric region. The growing uterus at 23 weeks of pregnancy puts pressure on the organs, and the hydrochloric acid contained in the stomach enters the esophagus and causes a burning sensation.

It is very important for a young mother to take care of her own health and strengthen her immune system, since during this period it is extremely undesirable to suffer from viral and infectious diseases, especially the flu. A child in the womb of a mother with influenza is susceptible to such a dangerous phenomenon as delayed fetal development and various pathologies of the nervous system.

The 24th week of pregnancy is a relatively calm time for the expectant mother, because she already clearly feels how the baby moves, can determine the periods of his sleep and wakefulness, and notices how quickly her belly is growing. At 24 weeks of pregnancy, the baby sleeps about 18-20 hours a day. Sometimes your baby kicks at night, or when you go to rest during the day. This may indicate that he is hungry. Allow yourself a light, healthy snack to help calm your baby's movements. Experts recommend that expectant mothers follow a daily routine and diet, thus teaching babies to stay awake and sleep at the same time.

At the 24th week of pregnancy, the uterus continues to grow, its bottom is located in the navel area. At this stage of pregnancy, many women begin to feel false contractions; they are also called training contractions. With the help of such exercises, a pregnant woman’s body masters the process of uterine contraction and prepares for childbirth. They are virtually painless and intermittent, but if you experience abdominal pain during pregnancy, consult your doctor immediately. Watery discharge at 24 weeks of pregnancy may also indicate the onset of premature labor. Be vigilant and careful!

25th week of pregnancy - during this period, many expectant mothers worry about premature birth. But you shouldn’t stress yourself out and worry your head about it if there are no alarming symptoms. However, if you have a stomach ache during pregnancy, lower back tension, and watery vaginal discharge at 25 weeks, contact your doctor immediately.

If you have not yet started preparing your nipples for feeding, now is the time to start. To do this, make it a rule to wash your nipples and nipple circles with cold water and wipe them with a rough waffle towel. This simple manipulation will allow you to protect yourself from such troubles as cracked nipples in the future. Carry out the procedure once a day for a couple of minutes, no more, so as not to cause unwanted uterine contractions during this period.

Heaviness in the legs during pregnancy and the manifestation of varicose veins are another unpleasant phenomenon that accompanies the expectant mother during this period. To prevent the development of the disease, it is recommended to wear special compression stockings, which a phlebologist will help you choose. Try not to strain your feet and wear comfortable maternity shoes. When resting, place your feet on a pillow or cushion to improve blood circulation and relieve tension.

The growing belly at 25 weeks of pregnancy also needs special care. Stretch marks on the abdomen are an unpleasant consequence of pregnancy, but their appearance can be prevented with the help of special creams and lotions recommended by your doctor.

The third trimester of pregnancy has arrived. Your baby is already the size of a small melon and already weighs about 800 g. The expectant mother feels even more noticeably how the baby moves in her belly, especially at night. At this time, doctors recommend carefully monitoring the activity of the fetus and counting movements. There is a special table - a fetal movement test, in which the expectant mother marks every tenth movement of the child from 9:00 to 21:00. Under normal conditions, the tenth movement is observed before 17:00. If the number of movements within 12 hours is less than 10, tell your doctor. Lack of fetal activity for 12 hours is a very serious signal, consult a doctor immediately! Fetal hypoxia is very dangerous at all stages of pregnancy; it is important not only to diagnose its development in time, but also to provide timely assistance to the baby in order to avoid disastrous consequences.

A child at 26 weeks of pregnancy is already quite well developed: he sees and hears, and he distinguishes low sounds better than high ones. The baby reacts sensitively to sharp pops or knocks; they make him anxious, and screaming and noise frighten him. The most pleasant sound for a baby, even after birth, is the beating of the mother’s heart. He has already developed taste buds, and grasping and sucking reflexes are actively developing. He looks less and less like a wrinkled old man, his skin gradually smoothes out and changes color.

The beginning of the third trimester is a time to be vigilant. If you notice watery vaginal discharge, do not delay visiting the doctor: it may be amniotic fluid leaking and there is a risk of giving birth prematurely. Alarming signals at this stage are also prolonged cramping pain, nagging pain in the lower abdomen and lower back, and general weakness. Bloody discharge at 26 weeks of pregnancy may indicate placental abruption, but only a doctor can determine this more accurately.

The development of the child at the 27th week of pregnancy continues to gain momentum: important changes are taking place in his body. For example, the immune and respiratory systems develop, and pulmonary surfactant is produced - a mixture of substances that in the future will help the baby’s lungs absorb and absorb oxygen. Every day the movements of the fetus are felt by the expectant mother more and more acutely; she can already recognize even the baby’s hiccups by the slight rhythmic tremors inside. This process does not cause any discomfort to the child and can last several minutes.

At 27 weeks of pregnancy, some expectant mothers may experience involuntary urination that occurs during sneezing or loud laughter. This is due to the fact that the uterus at 27 weeks of pregnancy puts quite a lot of pressure on the bladder. To avoid an awkward situation, use special sanitary pads. Heartburn during pregnancy, nausea and frequent constipation are also the result of pressure from the uterus on the internal organs. Try to eat small portions, but often, do not overindulge in sweets and starchy foods. Compliance with the drinking regime, feasible physical activity, exercises for pregnant women - all this will also help you cope with ailments.

The third trimester is a time of special control. The expectant mother should pay attention to the number of fetal movements, the nature of the discharge (for example, bloody discharge may indicate placental abruption, and watery discharge may indicate the onset of premature labor) and specific pain. Timely diagnosis by the attending physician will help you avoid troubles and carry your baby to term.

The 28th week of pregnancy has arrived. The child at this stage of development is already quite large and slightly less mobile. He feels cramped in his mother’s tummy, the baby practically does not change his body position, but continues to push his mother with his legs and arms. The expectant mother needs to continue to monitor fetal movements and mark them in a special table. At 28 weeks of pregnancy, the baby opens its eyes for the first time and can distinguish between light and shadows. The child’s brain is actively developing and has several distinct convolutions. During this period, the foundations of the child’s psyche and character traits are laid.

Pregnant women at 28 weeks notice sensitivity of the skin; many begin to itch in the chest, thighs, and abdomen. At 28 weeks of pregnancy, the issue of combating stretch marks is especially relevant. Do not neglect your doctor's advice; use a special lotion or cream for stretch marks. In pharmacies and specialty stores you can also find oil for stretch marks during pregnancy, made from natural ingredients and promoting rapid skin hydration and effective regeneration.

The breasts at the 28th week of pregnancy also continue to undergo changes: at this stage, veins may appear on the breasts, and colostrum begins to be released from the nipples. During this period, the expectant mother needs to especially carefully monitor her well-being, eat right and rest. Be careful: at this stage there is a high risk of premature birth, so try to protect yourself from stress, under no circumstances carry heavy objects, do not hang up clothes or curtains.

So, the 29th week of pregnancy has arrived. There is only 1 week left until the cherished maternity leave. You will be able to pay more attention to yourself and your baby, attend a school for expectant mothers, and focus on the final period of pregnancy. If you're still working, try not to overwork yourself. Even when doing household chores, ask your family for help. Premature birth at this stage is not a universal phenomenon, but there is still a risk. Take care of yourself!

During this period, the expectant mother should monitor her weight. Weight gain at 29 weeks of pregnancy should be about 10-12 kg. The norm for weight gain is approximately 300-350 g per week. If a pregnant woman recovers more rapidly, you need to make sure that this is not due to fluid retention in the body. Swelling during pregnancy at this stage occurs in most expectant mothers; a salt-free diet, correction of the drinking regime and special exercises for pregnant women will help solve the problem. But do not lose your vigilance: any manifestation of severe swelling of the face, fingers, lower back and abdominal wall may indicate the presence of a serious complication called “preeclampsia”. To diagnose and treat it, you must consult your doctor.

At the 29th week of pregnancy, discharge is also subject to control. Normally, there is a homogeneous, transparent (or milky) discharge without a strong odor. If bloody discharge is detected, you should immediately consult a doctor, as this may be a sign of premature birth, previa, or placental abruption.

A feeling of heat is another unpleasant phenomenon that expectant mothers often complain about at 29 weeks of pregnancy. This occurs due to the acceleration of metabolism, which causes increased sweating processes and increases the load on the heart. Some pregnant women experience decreased blood pressure and increased heart rate.

The 30th week of pregnancy has arrived, your baby is already the size of a head of cabbage and weighs approximately 1.2-1.3 kg. At this stage, the child begins to gain weight more rapidly, becoming less and less mobile. The expectant mother notices how the nature of the movements changes: now the child pushes and kicks quite painfully, resting his limbs on the internal organs or ribs.

Sometimes pregnant women complain of pain caused by fetal movements. This may occur due to an uncomfortable state - do not be nervous, avoid places where you may feel bad, both mentally and physically. If you suddenly feel that your uterus is tense, relax, turn on some pleasant music and relax. Stroking the belly and gentle words will calm the baby. The fetus at 30 weeks of gestation is very sensitive to maternal affection.

At 30 weeks of pregnancy, the expectant mother's belly has grown significantly and her gait has changed. Some clumsiness is associated not only with the addition of centimeters at the waist, but also with the relaxation of joint ligaments and water retention in the body. The weight at 30 weeks of pregnancy increased by about 10 kg, and more than half of this weight is the uterus, amniotic fluid, and placenta. To avoid gaining extra pounds, continue to monitor your diet and do gymnastics for pregnant women. Do not forget that all movements must be made carefully, avoiding sudden turns of the body and bends.

The 30th week of pregnancy is the date for maternity leave for working expectant mothers. Finally, you can devote more time to your health and preparation for childbirth. If you have not yet enrolled in school for expectant mothers, do it now. If the attending physician has determined that the fetus is breech, practice special exercises; there is a chance that the baby will still turn head down. Only a doctor (with the help of careful palpation) and an unscheduled ultrasound at 30 weeks of pregnancy can most accurately determine the presentation.

At 31 weeks of pregnancy, the uterus continues to increase in size and rise higher, putting more and more pressure on the internal organs. This leads to such unpleasant phenomena as heartburn, constipation or hemorrhoids. During pregnancy at 31 weeks, it is necessary to constantly monitor the condition of the expectant mother, especially if there are uterine fibroids during pregnancy or scars after a cesarean section.

The nutrition of a pregnant woman during this period should be as healthy and easily digestible as possible. To prevent attacks of nausea, heartburn and constipation, you need to eat small portions, but often. The basis of your diet should be vegetables, meat, fish, cereals and dairy products. Avoid fried, salty and spicy foods - they increase the load on the kidneys.

Swelling during pregnancy in the third trimester worries almost all women; a special salt-free diet, performing feasible exercises, and correcting the diet and drinking regime will help combat it. If you begin to notice severe swelling of the face, fingers, abdomen or lower back, consult a doctor immediately, these may be signs of a serious complication - gestosis in pregnant women.

The baby at 31 weeks of gestation takes its final position in the womb: as a rule, this is a head-down position. If the doctor has diagnosed a breech presentation of the fetus, you still have the opportunity to try to change the situation - with the help of special exercises and positions. The development of the child at the 31st week of pregnancy continues, in appearance he is becoming more and more like a newborn baby. The baby's skin turns pink due to subcutaneous fat, which hides its blood vessels; the capillaries are no longer visible through it. The baby is actively gaining weight, his internal organs and reflexes are developing and improving. Fetal movements at 31 weeks of pregnancy are felt very well by the mother; experts recommend continuing to monitor the baby’s activity and filling out a special table of fetal movements.

The 32nd week of pregnancy has begun. The expected due date is getting closer, and the expectant mother is increasingly worried about the health of her unborn child. At 32 weeks of pregnancy, the stomach begins to cause a lot of discomfort. Pain in the lower back and legs, the inability to take a comfortable position for sleeping, some clumsiness - it is not at all surprising that at this stage most women feel tired, they want to end their pregnancy as soon as possible and meet the baby.

At 32 weeks of pregnancy, the uterus continues to put pressure on the internal organs, causing shortness of breath, heartburn and frequent constipation. A pregnant woman experiences training contractions - almost painless contractions of the uterus, preparing her for the upcoming birth. Some women note that at 32 weeks of pregnancy they sweat more than usual and feel heat in their body. This is due to the acceleration of metabolic processes in the pregnant woman’s body, which affect the functioning of the heart and the process of sweating.

The fetus at 32 weeks of gestation continues to grow and gain weight. It is already the size of a large head of Chinese cabbage and weighs approximately 1.6-1.7 kg. The baby hears how the mother’s organs work, listens to her voice and is able to distinguish its sound from any other. Externally, the baby also changes - hair and nails grow, wrinkles are smoothed out, cheeks appear, and the vernix is ​​gradually washed away. Almost all of the child’s organs are already formed, the head and torso are proportional, all that remains is to gain weight. Another important achievement of this period is the development of the baby’s own immunity. Ultrasound will help to fully assess the child's development at this stage. At 32 weeks of pregnancy, the doctor will determine the presentation of the fetus, and also assess the condition of the placenta, umbilical cord and the amount of amniotic fluid.

Throughout pregnancy, the expectant mother should beware of viral and infectious diseases, since any disease and methods of its treatment will certainly affect the baby’s health. Colds in late pregnancy are dangerous because they accelerate the aging process of the placenta, and this, in turn, threatens the development of fetal hypoxia and disruption of the delivery of nutrients from mother to child.

The 33rd week of pregnancy has arrived. The child has reached the size of a pineapple and already weighs about 2 kg. Every day he feels more and more cramped in his mother’s belly: no somersaults, no coups. The amount of amniotic fluid also decreases, and fetal movements are felt more and more acutely by the mother. During this period, the child’s development continues to gain momentum: the immune, nervous and endocrine systems complete their formation, muscle mass and subcutaneous fat continue to build up. If suddenly the expectant mother begins premature labor at 33 weeks of pregnancy, the probability of giving birth to a live and healthy baby is very high.

At 33 weeks of pregnancy, the future mother's belly continues to grow, causing more and more discomfort while sleeping, walking or doing business. At 33 weeks of pregnancy, the uterus rises even higher and puts even more pressure on the stomach and other organs. The pregnant woman still experiences heartburn and sometimes belches. It becomes difficult to breathe and shortness of breath appears after physical activity. After a couple of weeks, the pregnant woman’s belly will begin to drop down and the woman will feel a little better.

Swelling during pregnancy at this stage is a widespread phenomenon. Expectant mothers complain of swelling of the legs (especially in the ankles), which worsens after physical activity or a walk. Swelling of the legs in pregnant women is associated with a violation of the speed of blood flow: after all, the growing uterus puts pressure not only on the internal organs, but also on the blood vessels. And the blood, being under pressure, retains water in the legs.

To prevent edema during rest, it is necessary to place your feet above your head, for example, on a pillow or a rolled-up blanket, wear comfortable shoes for pregnant women and perform special exercises. It is not recommended for a pregnant woman to stand, sit, or stay in stuffy rooms for a long time. A pregnant woman's diet should be balanced and healthy. To prevent swelling, it is necessary to limit or completely eliminate the consumption of salt, salty foods and spicy foods. Salt tends to retain fluid in the body, and generously spiced dishes can cause not only an attack of heartburn, but also severe thirst.

The 34th week of pregnancy has begun. What happens during this period? The body of the expectant mother begins to intensively prepare for the upcoming birth. For example, a large amount of hormones are released into the blood, helping to increase the elasticity of some joints and ligaments - all this is necessary for easier movement of the child through the birth canal. The enlarging uterus at 34 weeks of pregnancy puts a lot of pressure on the bladder, for this reason the expectant mother urinates more often, and sometimes urinary incontinence may occur.

Pregnant women continue to experience heartburn; some mothers complain of difficulty breathing, problems with bowel movements and hemorrhoids. Swelling during pregnancy (especially severe) is a reason to consult a doctor and undergo all the necessary tests. Gestosis in pregnant women is a serious pathology in which toxins are released into the body of the expectant mother, which can lead to disturbances in the development of the fetus at 34 weeks of pregnancy and even to its death. The development of gestosis in a pregnant woman is indicated by the presence of protein in the urine and changes in blood pressure.

A baby at 34 weeks of gestation continues to grow actively. It has already reached the size of a butternut squash and weighs approximately 1.9-2 kg. In the third trimester, the child’s cardiovascular system is actively developing. His heart rate is almost 2 times higher than that of an adult. By placing your ear to the belly of the expectant mother, you can hear the fetal heartbeat. From the 34th week of pregnancy, the baby gains the required weight, primary hair growth decreases, and along with it the vernix lubrication. The baby’s skin becomes paler and smoother, the functioning of the kidneys and all vital systems improves. If the expectant mother goes into premature labor at 34 weeks of pregnancy, there is a huge chance that the baby will survive and be born healthy (albeit small).

So, you are gradually approaching the expected date of birth, the 35th week of pregnancy has arrived. It becomes more and more difficult to do usual activities and maintain former activity. At the 35th week of pregnancy, the expectant mother’s breasts are already in full swing preparing for feeding the baby: they have increased in size, become fuller and ache. A nursing bra is what you need. It will not squeeze or irritate, and will provide good support for your enlarged breasts.

The belly has already become very large and causes a lot of inconvenience. At 35 weeks of pregnancy, the uterus became huge, pressing down on the stomach and lungs. At the end of the 35th week, the pregnant woman’s belly will begin to drop and breathing will become easier. If it becomes very difficult for the expectant mother to breathe, it is necessary to perform a special exercise for pregnant women, which will help reduce pressure on the internal organs: get on all fours and smoothly inhale and exhale. You can stand in this position from 5 minutes to half an hour, several times a day.

A baby at 35 weeks pregnant continues to grow and has already reached the size of a cantaloupe. His weight increases every week by 200-250 g. The fetal movements become more constrained, because there is practically no free space in the mother’s belly. Now he doesn’t push so much as he rolls, sticking out different parts of his body. At this stage, the intrauterine development of the fetus is already quite high, the work of its internal organs and reflexes has been established. If an expectant mother goes into premature labor at 35 weeks of pregnancy, the likelihood of having a healthy baby is very high. However, experts agree that to ensure the survival of the child and its further development, pregnancy must be maintained until the expected date of birth.

The 36th week of pregnancy is the final stage of the entire period of gestation, according to gynecologists. At this stage of pregnancy, the expectant mother will probably have to visit her doctor until the onset of labor. He will carefully monitor her blood pressure and protein levels in her urine to eliminate the risk of developing such a serious pathology as preeclampsia. It may be necessary to perform an ultrasound at 36 weeks of pregnancy to detect fetal presentation, check the condition of the placenta, amniotic membranes, eliminate the risk of umbilical cord entanglement and assess the amount of amniotic fluid.

It’s time for the expectant mother to start solving organizational issues: choosing a place for the birth, choosing a doctor and packing her bag for the maternity hospital. Starting from the 36th week of pregnancy, childbirth can occur at any time, and the expectant mother must be prepared for this. Since the obstetrician cannot determine the onset of pregnancy with an accuracy of up to a week, an error of 2 weeks is not uncommon, and at 37-38 weeks of pregnancy, birth is no longer considered premature.

At 36 weeks of pregnancy, the expectant mother’s belly causes a lot of inconvenience due to its large size. Due to the load, a woman feels pain in the lower back and legs, suffers from swelling and has difficulty moving. At 36 weeks of pregnancy, the uterus continues to put pressure on the internal organs, causing shortness of breath and heartburn. Some women experience abdominal prolapse during this period: the baby slowly moves closer to the “exit”, occupying the pelvic floor with the presenting part (head or buttocks). By the way, a baby at 36 weeks of pregnancy is already the size of a large papaya, weighing approximately 2.5 kg.

Almost all women experience fear before childbirth, especially if it is their first time. At 36 weeks, expectant mothers become increasingly irritable, anxious and nervous. Meditation, relaxation, yoga for pregnant women, relaxing massage, listening to music, reading books, communicating with loved ones or a personal psychologist will be good helpers in the fight against fear.

At 37 weeks of pregnancy, the baby is ready for birth, but his body continues to change and prepare for childbirth. The baby's body gradually becomes plump due to the accumulating subcutaneous fat, the skin smoothes out, becomes elastic and acquires a pink tint. The fetus at the 37th week of pregnancy is fully developed: all systems of its body are ready to start working, the hormone cortisol is produced, which promotes the maturation of the lungs. Meconium has accumulated in the baby's intestines - original feces, which will be released on the first day, from 3 to 20 hours after birth. By the way, the removal of meconium from the newborn’s intestines will be facilitated by colostrum secreted from the mother’s breast in the first time after childbirth.

By the 37th week of pregnancy, the uterus has reached its maximum size: it weighs about a kilogram, its volume is 4-5 liters. The pressure on the bladder increases, the pregnant woman has back pain, and shooting pain in the legs and perineum is also possible. At the 37th week of pregnancy, the abdomen hardens several times a day - training contractions occur. At this stage, the aging of the placenta is noted; harbingers of imminent labor may appear: release of the mucous plug (yellowish discharge with streaks), lowering of the abdomen (the baby takes the position of the presenting area in the pelvis), slight dilution of the stool.

At 37 weeks, the baby’s movements often bring painful sensations to the expectant mother; now his stomach is very crowded: there is even less amniotic fluid, the baby’s size and weight are increasing. It turns out that the uterus at 37 weeks of pregnancy now puts pressure not only on the mother’s internal organs, but also pinches the baby. Fetal movements must also be monitored at 37 weeks of pregnancy: there should be at least 10 movements per day. In the last days of pregnancy, the baby's activity decreases, he calms down a little and prepares for his birth.

The 38th week of pregnancy has arrived - an alarming waiting period for the expectant mother. At this stage, the pregnant woman should be prepared for the fact that she can be taken to the maternity hospital at any moment. If you have not yet packed your bag for the maternity hospital, now is the time to take care of it. Also collect all the necessary documents: you need to take your passport, medical insurance, exchange card and birth certificate to the maternity hospital. Place all your documents in one folder or file and carry them with you in your purse, especially when traveling.

The belly at 38 weeks of pregnancy can be truly huge: the baby has taken up all the available space and continues to gain weight. It is becoming increasingly difficult for him to move, since the uterus at 38 weeks of pregnancy is squeezing the body from all sides. At this stage, important improvements occur in the little person’s body, the fluff – lanugo and vernix lubrication covering the baby’s skin – partially or completely disappears, and facial features become more and more refined. At 38 weeks of pregnancy, the baby takes its place in the mother’s pelvis and is getting ready to be born.

During this period, expectant mothers may feel the precursors of childbirth: training contractions, pain in the hip area and sacrum, nagging pain in the lower abdomen, reminiscent of menstrual pain. Mucous discharge from the vagina at 38 weeks of pregnancy may also indicate impending labor.

Expectant mothers often worry: how to identify contractions and distinguish them from false ones? Experts recommend staying calm, because you definitely won’t miss the birth. Real contractions are more noticeable and painful than training contractions; they are repeated periodically, increasing their frequency and intensity. To distinguish false contractions from real ones, change your position: stand up, walk around the room, lie down. If the contractions stop, don’t worry, they are most likely false.

The 39th week of pregnancy has arrived, the baby is already fully formed and ready to be born at any moment. The baby has reached the size of a small watermelon and weighs approximately 3.2 kg. His lungs are developed enough to finally take his first breath. The baby’s movements are becoming less and less active due to the tightness of the mother’s womb; the expectant mother should constantly monitor the activity of her child and, in case of “calm”, immediately consult a doctor.

At the 39th week, pregnant women begin active “nesting” - a condition in which a woman strives with all her might to restore order and create as much comfort as possible in the house. At this time, women can feel a surge of strength, unusual lightness (despite the huge belly at 39 weeks of pregnancy) and the desire to “move mountains.” But don’t be too zealous: such intense physical activity may well provoke labor at 39 weeks. Entrust the cleaning and arrangement of the house to the future dad or caring relatives.

For a successful delivery and good health of the expectant mother and child, doctors recommend not to neglect long walks. Ideally, in late pregnancy, you need to walk for at least 3 hours a day, if there are no problems and bed rest is not indicated for you. Fetal hypoxia is a dangerous phenomenon throughout pregnancy, and the end of the third trimester is no exception. To prevent it, it is important not only to breathe fresh air, but also to continue to eat right, perform feasible exercises for pregnant women, and avoid stress and any conditions that negatively affect you and your pregnancy.

At 39 weeks of pregnancy, many women lose up to 2 kg in weight. There is nothing wrong with this - the body removes excess fluid. At the 39th week of pregnancy, the total gain in women averages from 10 to 15 kg, but it can be either more or less. This depends on the characteristics of the expectant mother’s body and is one of the harbingers of an early birth.

The 40th week of pregnancy is the final stage of bearing a child, and the expectant mother’s body is almost ready for the upcoming birth. Now you should have everything ready for the birth of your baby - from a bag to the maternity hospital and documents, to complete order in the apartment and the presence of everything necessary to care for your baby. Fear of childbirth, increasing stress, anxiety - all this negatively affects your baby. Try to set yourself up positively, because very soon you will be able to see and hold your long-awaited son or daughter in your arms!

At this stage, the expectant mother should continue to count the fetal movements: there should be at least ten of them during the day. If suddenly a child at 40 weeks of pregnancy suddenly becomes quiet or is too active, consult a doctor: he may be experiencing oxygen starvation or other problems that require immediate intervention from specialists.

One of the most important signs of imminent labor is the release of the mucus plug. A plug is a clot of mucus that closes the cervical canal during pregnancy and protects the fetus from infections that can enter the uterus from the vagina. The hormone progesterone, which is responsible for bearing the fetus, ceases to be produced at 40 weeks of pregnancy. The cervix becomes softer, the canal begins to open, and after this the mucus plug is released. Other no less indicative harbingers of childbirth are lowering of the abdomen, the occurrence of training contractions, pain in the lower back, sacrum or womb, rupture of amniotic fluid. Be on the lookout!

If you are 40 weeks pregnant and labor is not starting, don’t worry, your “X” hour will come soon!

The expected due date is behind you, but your pregnancy is still ongoing and, by the way, is not considered post-term. At this stage, the expectant mother feels clumsy and clumsy, gets very tired and increasingly suffers from sleep disorders. The reason is a very large belly at 41 weeks of pregnancy, which makes it difficult to take at least some comfortable position. Most women complain of severe irritability and nervousness that arise seemingly out of nowhere. This is directly related to their hormonal levels and the anxiety that expectant mothers experience while awaiting childbirth. If you are afraid of childbirth, discuss this with your doctor, as well as with your family or personal psychologist: now more than ever you need special support and understanding.

At 41 weeks of pregnancy, a pregnant woman's discharge may become more intense and mucus-like (clear or pinkish, yellowish, or creamy). Such discharge indicates the release of the mucus plug from the cervix and the possible onset of labor.

Just before giving birth, a pregnant woman may lose amniotic fluid, which looks like a clear, thin, odorless liquid. The discharge of water in pregnant women can occur in different ways: it can be a leak, a trickle, or a one-time outpouring. Many expectant mothers may not notice this process at all. This happens in cases where a small crack or small rupture appears on the amniotic sac - then the water simply leaks. If the expectant mother uses sanitary pads, she may confuse them with vaginal discharge.

Sometimes pregnant women try to induce labor themselves by taking castor oil or resorting to other dubious or even dangerous methods of accelerating labor. Experts urge women “not to engage in amateur activities” and seek timely help.

Many women who carry their baby to 42 weeks often become nervous because labor does not begin. Don't worry, you have a few days left to give birth. Perhaps you are already observing some precursors of labor and are mentally preparing for a trip to the maternity hospital.

At 42 weeks of pregnancy, there is a risk of aging of the placenta and the development of various pathologies. Fetal hypoxia, deficiency of nutrients, the likelihood of infection or entanglement in the umbilical cord - all this can be prevented if you consult your doctor in time and undergo an examination. The doctor will listen to the fetal heartbeat, check the condition of the cervix, placenta, membranes, umbilical cord, and measure the abdomen. At 42 weeks of pregnancy, the expectant mother may be prescribed additional examinations and, if necessary, admitted to the hospital for observation.

If you want to give birth on your own, 42 weeks is the last week for this opportunity. When there are no contractions, doctors decide to induce labor. Be prepared for the fact that a large baby will have a more difficult time passing through the birth canal and, as a rule, the postpartum recovery period will be longer. Also, if the fetus has ossified the skull, the woman may experience ruptures during natural childbirth. To avoid serious damage to the woman’s genitals and perineum, as well as traumatic brain injuries to the baby, doctors may resort to surgical dissection - episiotomy.