A year has passed since rhinoplasty and the swelling has not subsided. Swelling of the nose after rhinoplasty. How to relieve swelling after rhinoplasty

Swelling of the tip of the nose after rhinoplasty or the entire nasal region is a natural consequence of this surgical intervention. All patients who have undergone rhinoplasty through surgery encounter similar phenomena. The accumulation of fluid is usually noted in the nose or eye area, which leads to some discomfort.

How long does swelling last after rhinoplasty, how long to wait for the swelling to subside? In some people, the swelling may persist for more than a year, and in some people it is less severe than in others. During the preliminary consultation, the plastic surgeon notifies the patient about the almost inevitable development of edema and explains that this is not a medical error or an unforeseen postoperative complication.

Swelling of the nose after rhinoplasty

Swelling of the tip of the nose after rhinoplasty means a strong accumulation of fluid in this part of the nose, and it is problematic to quickly remove it. Edema develops not only in the skin, but also in the mucous and connective tissues of the nose. As a result, pronounced swelling occurs at the tip of the nose, as well as additional external manifestations, clearly visible in the photo.

During rhinoplasty, the surgeon cuts the skin to gain access to the osteochondral framework. Even in the case of the highest professionalism, damage to small vessels inevitably occurs, which disrupts blood circulation. As a result, the volume of blood entering the skin is significantly greater than the amount of fluid removed, which leads to swelling of the nose.

Types of edema

There are three types of edema after rhinoplasty: primary, secondary and residual. Primary swelling occurs already during rhinoplasty and makes the surgeon’s work difficult. Anticipating its development, doctors use special approaches to minimize this phenomenon. Immediately after rhinoplasty is completed, the doctor applies a plaster cast to the corresponding area and places gauze swabs in the nostrils. This is necessary to prevent severe facial swelling after rhinoplasty.

Secondary edema is usually visible only upon close examination. Its occurrence is preceded by expansion of the back and thickening of the tissues of the tip of the nose. However, this phenomenon is temporary, and after 30–45 days this problem usually goes away on its own. Residual swelling is almost invisible. Only when you feel the tip of the nose can you feel its swelling and thickening. This type of swelling usually goes away within a year and a half. The accumulation of fluid after rhinoplasty causes the greatest discomfort to patients with relatively thick skin; swelling and bruising in them goes away much more slowly.

Degree of swelling

Patients who are faced with swelling after rhinoplasty often think about how to relieve this problem. The answer to this question largely depends on the degree of swelling and its nature. As with other types of plastic surgery, the degree of swelling depends on the nature of the surgical intervention, the length and depth of the incisions, and their nature. The quality of the operation and the features of the procedure determine the location of problem areas, their size, as well as the duration of the recovery period to eliminate swelling.

The severity of swelling of the tip of the nose varies significantly depending on the nature of rhinoplasty:

correction of the wings of the nose and reduction of the nostrils is relatively low-traumatic, therefore the swelling is minimal and usually disappears completely within six months
eliminating a nasal hump is a very complex surgical procedure, so the swelling is quite pronounced and lasts quite a long time
Correction of the tip of the nose is a highly invasive procedure; accordingly, the swelling is very pronounced and prolonged, and rhinoplasty of the tip of the nose sometimes has quite unpleasant consequences

The degree of swelling of the tip of the nose after correction is also largely determined by the method of performing the operation. Closed rhinoplasty brings less stress to the body, is characterized by reduced trauma and less pronounced swelling. Due to the peculiarities of this procedure, open rhinoplasty is associated with extensive fluid retention in the operated tissues, and swelling is much more pronounced.

The age of the patient also affects the development of edema after rhinoplasty; reviews from patients after surgery indicate this. Recovery processes and swelling are faster in young people compared to older people. The condition of the patient’s body, as well as how strictly he adheres to the doctor’s recommendations during the rehabilitation period, also largely determine the rate at which nasal swelling subsides after rhinoplasty. Early consideration of contraindications to rhinoplasty surgery is also important to prevent the development of significant edema.

Swelling after rhinoplasty is a common phenomenon that absolutely all patients experience. Some tissues swell more, others less. As a rule, it spreads not only to the tissues of the nose, but also affects the areas closest to it. The rehabilitation period after such an operation lasts about a year.

Edema is the accumulation of fluid in tissue. It contains water and protein substances. Swelling can spread to the connective tissue area, mucous membrane, as well as the superficial layers of the skin.

Swelling after rhinoplasty occurs at different times after surgery. Based on this criterion, they are divided into 4 groups:

primary;
secondary
residual;
swelling in the area periosteum.

The first signs of edema appear during the operation. In order to minimize this process, the patient is given a plaster cast and turundas are inserted into the nostrils. In addition to the fact that swelling can greatly interfere with the doctor during the operation, it can spread to the neck and face, under the eyes.

A reduction in swelling should be expected 4 days after surgery. In the first few days, the patient may experience severe swelling after rhinoplasty, which will subside over time.

Secondary edema is practically invisible visually, since it is located in the deep layers of the skin, periosteum, and near the cartilaginous tissue. It causes a lot of inconvenience to the patient. As the mucous membrane swells, a person experiences nasal congestion and a hint of nasal tone is heard in the voice.

Secondary edema has its own specific manifestations:

is happening seal nasal tissue;
observed extension its tip.

Secondary swelling lasts a long time: from a month to two. At this stage, the patient feels that something has gone wrong, which is why nasal congestion is observed. Many people try to resort to various means to reduce swelling, but they only give a temporary effect. The main thing at this stage is to be patient.

Residual edema appears at the last stage of rehabilitation. Visually it is not noticeable because it is located very deep. Many patients note that the tip of the nose remains hard to the touch.

The swelling completely subsides within a year and a half from the date of surgery. It takes a long time for the blood supply to be restored. When this process is fully restored, the swelling will subside.

It has been observed that swelling persists longer in patients with thicker skin, as well as in those who have undergone revision rhinoplasty. After the operation, scars remain inside. Blood circulation in these areas is impaired, which means recovery takes longer.

Swelling of the periosteum often occurs after osteotomy. The periosteum is a thin tissue covering the bone. It plays a key role in the process of bone fusion. Swelling on the bridge of the nose after rhinoplasty occurs if the bone is injured in some way during the operation.

Swelling may appear on the sides of the bridge of the nose, looking like a dense callus. Such swelling is dangerous because if it is left untreated, a growth may appear. You can only get rid of it through surgery.

It is impossible to reduce such swelling on your own. You need to see a doctor who will introduce a special agent instead of the seal.

In some cases, the patient himself provokes the appearance of calluses. The main reason is wearing sunglasses in the early stages of rehabilitation. They pinch the bridge of the nose, as a result of which the bone may heal incorrectly. A year after rhinoplasty is the standard period during which bones should heal, blood circulation should be restored and swelling should subside.

It is almost impossible to get rid of swelling or speed up the process of their removal. The maximum that can be done is to follow the doctor’s recommendations so that this process goes without complications.

Causes of edema

The main reason for swelling is that the skin peels off and becomes dislodged during surgery. This is necessary to get to the bone and cartilage tissue. As a result, the vessels are damaged, blood circulation is impaired and, as a result, swelling.

There are additional factors that influence the appearance of swelling.

Degree of complexity of the operation

The larger the intervention site, the greater the swelling. If the operation is performed only on the tip of the nose, touching the cartilage tissue, the side effect of swelling will not be as visible as with an osteotomy.

Removing a hump is one of the most difficult and traumatic operations, since bone tissue is injured. The consequence of such an operation can be swelling not only of the nose, but also of the face as a whole. Swelling takes longer to go away than with other types of rhinoplasty.

When correcting the wings of the nose, the trauma for the patient is the lowest. In this case, the swelling is minor and goes away quite quickly. The rehabilitation period for this type of operation is six months.

When undergoing revision rhinoplasty, the swelling is significant due to repeated surgical interventions.

Patient age

It has been established that as a person ages, the healing process occurs more slowly. There is a high risk of complications and side effects. Therefore, in older people, swelling after rhinoplasty lasts longer.

Skin thickness

The skin is equipped with a large number of blood vessels and capillaries. People with thicker skin have higher numbers. It takes more time to restore blood supply.

Patient's health status

Vascular diseases significantly complicate the process of rehabilitation and reduction of edema. To make the recovery process easier, you need to follow your doctor's recommendations.

Non-compliance with rules after surgery

If a person often tilts his head, sleeps with his face in the pillow, does not raise the head of the bed, does not follow a diet, or smokes, this will significantly complicate the recovery period.

How long does it take for the swelling to go down?

The first stage – the swelling goes away within 7-10 days. The first signs that the swelling is subsiding appear on the 4th day after surgery.

The secondary stage of edema lasts up to three weeks.

The third stage can last two and a half to three months.

The fourth stage is from a year to a year and a half.

The end of the recovery period is considered to be the complete disappearance of signs of swelling.

How to relieve swelling

Normally, the swelling should go away on its own after blood circulation is completely restored. It is impossible to completely get rid of the consequences of surgery.

Reducing stress on the nasal area. These may include the following restrictions:

avoid physical loads, especially tilts of the head and torso;
keep your nose away injuries;
limit thermal procedures, visits to the bathhouse, sauna, solarium;
give up smoking and alcohol;
avoid crying because bleeding may occur;
Not sunbathe;
avoid diseases ARVI, since they can lead to additional swelling of the mucous membrane;
decrease conversations;
you need to wash your face water room temperature without touching the bandage.

To quickly get rid of residual edema, the patient must follow certain nutritional rules. There is a list of foods that must be limited 14 days before surgery and two weeks after.

It includes products such as:

almond nuts;
berries;
cucumber;
grapefruit
lemon;
grape;
peaches and apricots;
oranges;
tomatoes and cucumbers;
raisin;
garlic;
fish fat;
vinegar;
juices from cranberries, oranges.

7-10 days before surgery you need to go on a low-salt diet. An excess of salty foods retains fluid in the body and provokes the formation of swelling. You should also limit your consumption of complex carbohydrates: bread, rice, potatoes, pasta.

In addition, you should not take medications containing aspirin. They thin the blood, which can cause bleeding. You should also not take weight loss medications.

Following a diet and taking plenty of vitamins can help reduce nasal swelling after rhinoplasty.

Medicines

There are no creams, ointments, or tablets that will give a noticeable and long-term effect, but their systematic use can alleviate the condition for some time.

The most popular medications:

Voltaren-gel;
Traumeel (available in tablet form);
Enzyme Bromelain;
Wobenzym.

Compresses

The essence of using compresses is to apply ice or cooled objects to the nose area. You can use cotton pads, gauze, pieces of cloth moistened with cold water.

It must be remembered that the compress should not be applied to the nose itself, but to the area nearby, since there is a risk of injury to the cartilage or displacement of the bones.

Ointments and creams

To reduce swelling, many doctors advise applying special ointments with anti-inflammatory and wound-healing effects. They need to be applied using applicators or a cotton swab, but not with your fingers. It is important to avoid getting the drug on the seams.

The most popular ointments with decongestant action:

Badyaga;
Troxevasin.

Use of other medicines

Under no circumstances should you choose your own medications to combat swelling. They should be prescribed by a doctor based on the current condition and individual characteristics.

In the postoperative period, the doctor recommends the use of antibiotics in combination with anti-inflammatory and painkillers. Antibiotics are taken twice daily during the first week of rehabilitation. Anti-inflammatory drugs are taken during the first two weeks after surgery.

Injections

The injections are prescribed by the doctor. It is worth noting that despite the fact that they are very painful, they have a pronounced positive effect. The most popular drug is Diprospan. It belongs to hormonal medications and is used only after a doctor’s prescription.

Physiotherapeutic procedures

Treatment with physiotherapeutic procedures helps improve blood microcirculation in tissues.

Electropheresis is a procedure in which the drug enters the deep subcutaneous layers using ultrasound vibrations. This procedure helps to speed up the recovery and regeneration of damaged tissue areas.

If the patient continues to be bothered by swelling, he is prescribed electropheresis in combination and medicinal applications that are applied to the parotid area.

If patients feel nasal congestion, they are encouraged to take inhalations based on medications, as well as herbal remedies.

There is also hardware cosmetology aimed at rehabilitation and removal of puffiness. Cosmetology procedures consist of the following activities;

microcurrent and laser therapy;
application ultraphonophoresis using enzymatic agents;
use in rehabilitation ultra-high frequency fields.

The course includes from 7 to 12 procedures.

As a measure to help reduce swelling and restore blood supply, doctors recommend doing a light massage. It is important to remember that this method is appropriate at later stages of rehabilitation. Use your fingertips to gently massage the area of swelling. Moreover, this must be done through a cloth or napkin. Massage helps increase blood flow and also reduces swelling and bruising.

There is no exact answer to the question of how long swelling lasts after rhinoplasty. The speed of healing depends on many related factors. In order for the swelling to go away faster, you should follow all the doctor’s recommendations. For the first month, you need to sleep only on your back, or raise the head of the bed.

It is necessary to limit heavy lifting and active physical activity. If the situation with edema does not improve despite the use of special medications, you should contact your doctor.

Surgery is always accompanied by incisions that injure tissues and blood vessels. Swelling and bruising that appears after surgery - natural reaction of the body accompanying the healing process.

Severe swelling does not indicate improper intervention. Nasal swelling after rhinoplasty is a common, normal occurrence.

To restore tissue, it is necessary to enhance metabolic processes, accelerated cell division and the formation of an intercellular matrix.

Liquid is the medium necessary for regenerative processes to take place, Therefore, facial swelling is a common occurrence after rhinoplasty.

What affects the size of the edema?

Whether there will be severe swelling on the face after rhinoplasty depends on:

Difficulties of intervention. Extensive swelling on the bridge of the nose and around the eyes occurs when the nasal hump is removed. During such an operation under the supervision of a doctor, a fracture occurs, and swelling remains on the face for a long time.
Locations of the operation. If the intervention affects the protruding part of the nose, then the patient is likely to experience severe swelling of the tip after rhinoplasty. The complex structure of the tip of the nose leads to a long recovery.

When the purpose of the operation is to reduce the nostrils or correct the wings of the nose, then the swelling lasts less, because the trauma of the procedure is minimal.

When the intervention also affects the internal septum of the nose (septoplasty), when asked how long the swelling lasts, doctors answer that it’s long enough - within a few months.

Number of interventions. If swelling occurs after the cast is removed due to revision rhinoplasty, the tissue will be more difficult to heal, and the swelling will last longer than the first time.

Method of operation– closed or open. After closed rhinoplasty, swelling on the tip of the nose and other places goes away faster due to the internal incisions of the nostrils. Open surgery causes major damage and severe swelling.

Photo

Visual examples of what swelling looks like after rhinoplasty are shown in photographs of patients.

How long does the swelling last?

Doctors warn that it takes a year after rhinoplasty for swelling to completely disappear. Swelling occurs on the operating table and will intensify during the first days.

The swelling reaches its peak during the first week - this can be seen in the photos of clients of plastic surgery clinics. Over time, the swelling will decrease.

It will be possible to remove swelling after rhinoplasty with the help of medications only for a few hours. Be patient - when the time comes, the swelling will resolve on its own.

The main condition for a good result is strict adherence to the doctor’s recommendations. Here are the main ones:

The swelling goes down more intensely in those who sleep in a half-sitting position.

Do not touch, massage your face, or use cosmetics.

Avoid overheating of the body (baths, beach holidays, etc.), physical activity, tilting the head or body down.

In the second period (2-3 weeks), the swelling after rhinoplasty goes away enough to allow the person to go to work and communicate with people.

Recommended:

Don't sleep on your side or stomach.

Avoid displacement of facial tissues.

Protect your face from heat.

Avoid excessive physical activity.

During this period, in order to relieve swelling after rhinoplasty, the doctor may recommend using the drug Traumeel.

In the third period (2-3 months after rhinoplasty), the nose almost completely gets rid of swelling - only thickening of its tip or back remains. Recovery will be faster if you exclude:

Smoking.

Alcohol.

Pressure on the nose with fingers, glasses and other objects;

Long bows of the head.

The fourth period (from 4 months to 1 year) is a time when small seals still remain, but they are not noticeable to others. If the question of how long it takes for the swelling to go away from the nose still worries the patient, then the doctor prescribes various physiotherapeutic procedures.

Rhinoplasty is a surgical operation, the purpose of which is to change the shape and size of the nose, allowing you to get rid of not only visible imperfections, but also internal complexes. You can easily remove a hump, reduce the tip of the nose, straighten the septum, and “sculpt” a completely new and beautiful organ.

Before you decide to have surgery, you should remember that nasal swelling always appears after rhinoplasty. In some patients, it is expressed in a slight swelling and goes away in a few weeks, in others the entire face swells, and the swelling disappears only after a year.

Edema is an excessive accumulation of fluid in tissues, which consists mainly of proteins, as well as other compounds. The presence of edema is evidenced not only by appearance, but also by a nasal voice and congestion of the nasal passages. The skin, connective tissue, and mucous membranes may swell.

Causes of nasal swelling after surgery

The appearance of swelling in no way indicates a low qualification of the surgeon. It is important to understand that no matter how experienced the specialist, consequences in the form of swelling after plastic surgery to change the shape of the nose are inevitable, so there is no need to be afraid of this temporary phenomenon.

Causes of tissue swelling after surgery:

peeling of the skin, violation of tissue integrity;
damage to blood vessels;
circulatory disorders.

After healing, blood circulation is restored, and swelling gradually decreases and disappears.

How long does swelling last?

Primary swelling occurs during surgery, often making the doctor’s work difficult. Externally, tissue swelling is very noticeable, manifested in swelling of the tip of the nose and part of the face. After 4–5 days, the swelling decreases, and after two weeks it becomes almost invisible.

Secondary swelling occurs after surgery and removal of the splint; it is invisible to others, although it is well felt by the patient. The septum and mucous membrane swell, which manifests itself in nasal congestion. Symptoms may persist for a month or two after surgery, which can sometimes become a cause for concern. But there is no need to be afraid, this is a normal reaction after surgery.

Residual swelling of the tissues deep inside the nose takes a long time to resolve, but is usually not noticeable from the outside. For a long time, the sensitivity of the tip of the nose remains impaired.

The swelling disappears completely only one to one and a half years after the operation.

It should be noted that revision rhinoplasty always leads to more intense and prolonged tissue swelling, and bruising and visible swelling take longer to resolve. The remaining scars interfere with rapid healing; blood circulation processes in the vessels are restored more slowly.

How long it will take for the unpleasant consequences to completely disappear depends on the patient’s age, the structure of his skin, its thickness, the condition of the blood vessels and compliance with the doctor’s recommendations after the operation.

How to reduce symptoms

To ensure that the primary swelling goes away faster and most of the face does not swell, the surgeon inserts turundas into the nostrils and applies a plaster cast immediately after the operation.

During the rehabilitation period, you should follow the rules that will not allow the swelling to increase:

You should take the correct body position while sleeping - sleep on your back, with your head slightly elevated;
You can’t tilt your head down;
it is necessary to protect yourself from stress;
avoid physical activity;
do not smoke, do not drink alcohol;
drink moderate amounts of liquid;
reduce consumption of salt and spices;
take medications prescribed by the doctor and attend physical treatments.

Relieving swelling

There are medications that can help reduce swelling. Typically, the doctor uses them during surgery to improve visibility and facilitate access to tissue.

Any medications to reduce swelling and speed up healing of bruises can only be used as prescribed by a doctor. It is strictly forbidden to self-medicate, as this can only lead to a worsening of the condition.

After rhinoplasty, the following is usually used:

“Traumeel S” is a homeopathic preparation in the form of a gel, ointment or tablets that promotes the rapid healing of hematomas and the disappearance of edema;
a food supplement containing a proteolytic enzyme - extracts from pineapple fruits, which reduces inflammation and relieves swelling (“Bromelain”);
Dimexide is used for pain relief and speedy healing;
decongestant nasal sprays and drops;
painkillers.

After surgery, it is important to attend physical therapy:

microcurrent therapy improves metabolic processes in damaged tissues by exposing them to weak electrical impulses;
ultraphonophoresis promotes cell regeneration and restoration of blood circulation under the influence of ultrasound.

Surgeries affecting the bone can lead to swelling of the periosteal tissue, which, without appropriate treatment, often leads to inflammation and callus formation.

The attending physician prescribes hormonal medications. It is important to detect the pathological process in time, because treatment is effective only during the first month after surgery.

Any surgical intervention is accompanied by a violation of the integrity of the skin, as well as damage to the blood vessels in it. There is no need to be afraid of swelling after rhinoplasty - this is a natural reaction of the body, indicating the beginning of the healing process, which quickly passes if you follow the doctor’s recommendations during the rehabilitation period.

Swelling after rhinoplasty is an inevitable consequence of surgery that develops in most patients. Swelling of the tissues of the nose, eyelids and parts of the face is the body’s response to intervention. The rate at which swelling disappears varies from person to person, but a certain pattern can still be observed.

The causes of edema lie in tissue detachment during rhinoplasty, so they cannot be considered the consequences of the surgeon’s erroneous actions. During rhinoplasty, the patient has to deal with four types of edema:

primary;
secondary;
residual;
swelling of the periosteum.

Nasal congestion, along with tissue swelling, as well as a nasal voice bother the patient in the postoperative period.

The cause of edema is excess fluid accumulated in the tissues. In the postoperative practice of rhinoplasty, swelling of the connective tissue, nasal mucosa and skin is observed.

To work with the osteochondral structure of the nose, it is necessary to peel off the skin from it. There is often a need to displace the skin in order to aesthetically distribute it over the cartilage changed as a result of the intervention.

When the skin is separated from the main part of the nose, its blood supply deteriorates due to damage to blood vessels and capillaries. This provokes the development of edema.

The damaged tissue receives more blood than it can remove, which serves to swell all the soft parts of the nose. After blood circulation is restored, the swelling subsides.

Primary edema and methods of combating it

Primary edema develops during rhinoplasty and causes inconvenience during work. Applying plaster and inserting turundas into the nostrils immediately after the operation helps reduce swelling and helps the nose “keep its shape.” If this is not done, the operated part of the face and the area around the eyes may become alarmingly swollen.

Swelling noticeably decreases four to five days after surgery. It will take two weeks for it to disappear. After removing the plaster cast, the severity of the edema increases. There is no need to be afraid of this, because everything will return to normal soon.

Secondary edema

Secondary edema is mild, but despite this, it causes a lot of inconvenience to the patient. The reason for this phenomenon is the expansion of the back and tip of the nose, as well as the compaction of the tissues themselves.

Secondary edema resolves within forty-five days. Nasal congestion during this period is caused by swelling of the mucous membrane. No methods can alleviate this condition. The only way out in this situation is to wait, because only time can correct this circumstance.

What is residual edema?

In the depths of the nose, residual swelling makes itself felt. The hardness of the tip of the nose is still felt at this time. The swelling will disappear completely only after 12–18 months.

The disappearance of swelling is directly related to the normalization of blood circulation in the nose. Those with thick skin have to wait longer for swelling and bruises to subside after surgery.

The healing and swelling processes after revision rhinoplasty are difficult. This is due to the presence of scars from a previous operation, which have to be dealt with again. A feature of scar tissue is uneven blood circulation, so with repeated rhinoplasty, recovery processes proceed more slowly.

It is impossible to influence the rate of resolution of residual edema, so the task for this period is to follow the doctor’s recommendations. Violating the surgeon’s instructions can not only delay recovery, but also distort the result of rhinoplasty.

Factors influencing the degree of swelling

The occurrence of edema is inevitable, but the time of its disappearance and severity depends on the following factors:

complexity of the operation;
method of surgical intervention;
skin thickness;
patient's age;
the health status of the person being operated on;
compliance with the instructions of the plastic surgeon during the rehabilitation period;
qualifications and skill of the doctor himself.

The most complex surgical options are tip rhinoplasty and removal of the nasal hump.

When removing the nasal hump, bone tissue is involved along with cartilage. Severe swelling is due to the presence of a controlled fracture of the nasal bones. There is a danger of complications - inflammation of the periosteum. If correct treatment is not carried out, a bone callus will inevitably form.

The recovery period after rhinoplasty of the tip of the nose differs in duration due to the complexity of the structure of this part of the organ. The amount of swelling depends on the experience and skill of the plastic surgeon.

Rhinoplasty of the wings of the nose is performed to reduce the size of the nostrils. This is the least traumatic intervention, so full recovery occurs within six months, and swelling goes away noticeably faster.

During septorhinoplasty surgery, not only the nose itself is affected, but also the nasal septum. Therefore, there is significant swelling.

The difficulty of healing after revision rhinoplasty increases due to the longer recovery of previously injured nasal tissue. In this case, the swelling is more pronounced.

With a closed type of rhinoplasty, swelling is less pronounced and goes away much faster due to less trauma.

With open rhinoplasty, the damage is noticeably worse, since the base of the nose is opened, followed by peeling of the upper layers of the skin.

Rehabilitation time depends on many factors. Let's look at each of them in more detail:

Patient's age. The speed of recovery processes is inversely proportional to the age of the person being operated on. That is, the potential for regeneration in a young organism is noticeably greater than in an elderly one.
Skin thickness. In thicker skin, the number of capillaries and vessels is increased. For this reason, damage received during surgery takes longer to heal.
Patient's health. In case of cardiovascular diseases, restoration of blood circulation in the operated area occurs more slowly, and accordingly, swelling takes longer to subside.
Experience of a plastic surgeon. When drugs and methods to reduce swelling are used during surgery, the postoperative period is noticeably easier.

What depends on the patient?

The main quality a patient needs to recover is patience. It is important to follow the doctor's recommendations. Typically they are:

Maintain the only correct position while sleeping - on your back, with your head slightly elevated.
Eliminate foods that cause swelling (reduce or completely eliminate the consumption of spicy, salty and sour foods).
It is prohibited to bend forward during the first 14 days of the postoperative period.
Sports and physical labor are banned for 60 days.
Smoking is prohibited due to a sharp deterioration in blood circulation under the influence of nicotine, and this will significantly increase the process of swelling. In addition, this can provoke tissue death (necrosis) and other serious complications.
Prohibition on the consumption of any alcoholic drinks, energy drinks.
Strictly taking recommended medications and attending physical treatments.

Before deciding to undergo rhinoplasty surgery, you should weigh all the arguments in favor of such an operation and be prepared in advance to endure some restrictions and difficulties. A thoughtful approach will help you overcome all the difficulties and achieve the desired result.