Atropine - eye drops. Atropine (eye drops): instructions for use, price, where to buy, analogues, composition, reviews Atropine eye drops instructions

Atropine eye drops are an ophthalmic drug that is used to dilate the pupil. This condition of the eye may be necessary for effective diagnosis of diseases of the structural elements of the fundus and treatment of certain pathologies. The medicine is available in 5 ml or 10 ml bottles and is a clear liquid. The product is available by prescription as it is a potent drug.

Composition and mechanism of action

The main active ingredient in the medicine is a solution of atropine sulfate. Sodium chloride, water for injection and sodium pyrosulfite are used as auxiliary ingredients in the manufacture of these drops. When instilled, the product causes pronounced dilation of the pupil (mydriasis), which can last up to 7–10 days. The maximum effect occurs 30 - 40 minutes after the solution gets into the eyes. The duration of action of the medicine must be taken into account when planning your immediate activities, because it is impossible to quickly constrict the pupils even with medication.

The mechanism of action of atropine is to block certain receptors and disrupt the physiological course of a number of biochemical reactions. In addition to pupil dilation, the medicine causes a temporary spasm of accommodation - a condition in which a person ceases to normally see objects located at different distances from him.

Atropine sulfate is available not only in the form of drops, but also in the form of an injection solution. The general effect of the medication is manifested in relaxation of smooth muscles, increased heart rate and a decrease in the secretion of secretions from certain glands (sweat, salivary).

When the pupil dilates, a significant increase in intraocular pressure is possible, which disappears only after it has completely narrowed.

Indications

These eye drops are most often used for diagnostic dilation of the pupil and a full examination of the structures of the fundus. In addition, the medicine is used:

• to treat certain eye injuries;
• to achieve a spasm of accommodation and determine the true refraction of the eye (this is the process of refraction of light rays);
• in the complex treatment of inflammatory processes in eye tissue;
• to eliminate spasm of the central retinal artery.

For therapeutic purposes, atropine is instilled 1-2 drops up to 3 times a day, according to the recommendations of the attending physician. The interval between procedures should be approximately 5–6 hours.

For diagnostic use, 1–2 drops of the drug are sufficient to achieve the desired effect.

Contraindications and side effects

Since the drug acts quite strongly, it can cause a strong increase in pressure inside the tissues of the eye. Therefore, the drug is contraindicated for glaucoma. The use of this medicine for this disease can cause a sharp deterioration in the patient’s condition and even lead to blindness. This is one of the reasons why atropine is a prescription drug and cannot be used without first being seen by a doctor.

The medicine is prescribed with caution to elderly patients over the age of 60 years. When using these drops, they require additional monitoring by an ophthalmologist.

Atropine poisoning occurs only when the solution is overdosed or taken orally. It can manifest itself as increased excitability, excessive motor activity, clouding of consciousness, vomiting, etc. In addition, urinary retention, breathing problems, tachycardia and increased body temperature may occur. Eye drops cannot cause serious health problems if they are used in doses under the supervision of a physician.

When using atropine topically for the eyes, the following side effects may occur:

• severe redness of the skin of the eyelids;
• lacrimation;
• burning;
• rapid pulse;
• swelling and redness of the tissues of the eyeball;
• increased sensitivity to bright light;
• dry mouth.

As a rule, all unpleasant symptoms disappear immediately after discontinuation of the drug. And since Atropine eye drops are most often used once or for a short period of time, side effects are not observed for long.

Precautionary measures

The medicine should not be used for the diagnosis and treatment of those patients who will soon drive a car or work with precision machinery. After instillation, the pupil narrows for several days (sometimes weeks), and this can significantly reduce visual acuity and also cause dizziness. These points must be taken into account when choosing drops that dilate the pupils for such patients.

Children are prescribed only a 0.5% atropine solution, since standard one percent drops can cause them to develop severe side effects. It is not advisable to use this medicine in young children (under 3 years of age); if possible, it should be replaced with analogues approved for use in pediatrics. It is important to remember how many days the pupils constrict after instillation, and to postpone visiting kindergarten and outdoor games for this time.

It is not advisable to use Atropine eye drops during pregnancy and lactation. To dilate the pupil in this category of patients, it is better to use safer analogues that do not in any way affect the development of the fetus and do not pass into breast milk. Such drugs include drops "Midriacyl", "Tropicamide", "Unitropic", "Midrum", etc. Their use is also associated with the risk of some side effects, but, according to the instructions for use, these medications can still be prescribed to pregnant women women and patients in the postpartum period.

Rumyantseva Anna Grigorievna

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One of the most popular drugs in ophthalmology was Atropine.

Now He is becoming less and less common in ophthalmological practice due to the presence of a lot of side effects.

But in some situations the use of these drops is necessary. The use of this drug should be strictly under the supervision of a physician.

Available as a 1% solution in 5 ml bottles.

pharmachologic effect

Atropine is a plant alkaloid. Contained in various plants of the nightshade family, for example, belladonna, belina.

The main action is to dilate the pupil(mydriasis).

This is associated with a slowdown in the outflow of intraocular fluid and an increase in intraocular pressure.

As a result, paralysis of accommodation develops (the ability of the eye to adapt to changing conditions).

This effect significantly reduces vision, which makes working at close range problematic.

Need to know! The duration of the effect is approximately 4 days, then the work of the eye muscles gradually begins to recover. The maximum duration of action is 10 days.

Penetration of the drug occurs by absorption through the mucous membrane of the eye.

The ciliary muscle that fixes the lens relaxes and moves, which stops the outflow of intraocular fluid. The result is an increase in intraocular pressure.

Instructions for use

They are instilled 1-2 drops of 1% atropine solution in the affected eye(in both eyes in preparation for diagnostic procedures).

According to the instructions for use, use 3 times a day, every 5-6 hours. For children, a solution of lower concentration is used.

Subconjunctival or parabulbar injections can be performed with a 0.1% solution. For subconjunctival injections, the volume of the solution is 0.2-0.5 ml, for parabulbar injections – 0.3-0.5 ml.

Using electrophoresis or eye baths, a 0.5% solution is administered from the anode.

Indications for use

Keep in mind! Drops are used systemically for:

• Gastrointestinal pathologies (spasm, peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, intestinal colic, irritable bowel syndrome and a number of other pathologies);
• Respiratory system disorders (bronchospasm, laryngospasm);
• Premedications for surgical interventions;
• Diseases of the cardiovascular system (AV block, bradycardia).

Locally used in ophthalmology:

Interaction with other medicinal substances

Important! When atropine is used concomitantly with certain groups of drugs, certain effects may occur.

When combined with:

Features of use during pregnancy

Able to penetrate the placenta. When administered intravenously, it can cause a change in the heart rhythm of the fetus (tachycardia).

Remember! Use in pregnant women is indicated only if the therapeutic effect of the drug outweighs the risks to the fetus.

Features of use in children

Used under strict supervision in children with chronic lung diseases– atropine can reduce the secretion of bronchial mucus, which leads to its thickening and clogging of the bronchi.

Side effects

When using this drug the following adverse effects are possible:

Contraindications

• individual intolerance;
• Closed- and open-angle forms of glaucoma;
• Synechia of the iris.

Composition and dispensing from pharmacies

The composition includes a 1% solution of atropine sulfate. Available with prescription doctor

Conditions and shelf life

A drug store out of the reach of children at temperatures up to 25 °C for 5 years.

After the expiration date, the drug should not be used.

Similar medicines

TO similar medicines can be attributed:

Price

average price for Atropine eye drops is about 45 rubles.

Reviews

A month ago I was faced with the fact that to kid at the medical examination discovered poor eyesight. And so, in order to To make a specific diagnosis, the doctor prescribed Atropine drips.

Putting Atropine in a child's eyes is a real punishment. The medicine burns a lot.

However diagnosis we still thanks to this drug they put me in and the drops were stopped.

I consulted an ophthalmologist with complaints of deteriorating vision., after examining me Atropine was prescribed. AND in two hours - again for examination.

There are some inconveniences after using this drug.

For a long time you can’t look at bright light, read, overload your vision, everything around is cloudy and blurry.

But The drug does its job - there is an effect, After the next examination, the doctor prescribed the necessary treatment and told me to take Atropine for another 3 days.

Useful video

This video discusses the drug Atropine and its analogues:

Despite all the side effects atropine doesn't matter takes place in ophthalmology.

The use of this drug must be justified, and its appointment must be carried out by a specialist.

In contact with

Instructions for use:

Atropine is an anticholinergic drug, a blocker of m-cholinergic receptors.

Release form and composition

Atropine is available in the following forms:

• Solution for injection containing 1 ml of 1 mg of atropine sulfate (in ampoules of 1 ml);
• Eye drops 1% containing 10 mg of atropine sulfate per 1 ml (in polyethylene dropper bottles of 5 ml).

Indications for use

Atropine is an anticholinergic and antispasmodic agent. Its active substance is a poisonous alkaloid, which is found in the leaves and seeds of plants of the nightshade family, such as henbane, belladonna, and dope. The main chemical feature of the drug is its ability to block the body's m-cholinoreactive systems, which are located in the heart muscle, organs with smooth muscles, the central nervous system and secretory glands.

The use of Atropine helps to reduce the secretory function of the glands, relax the tone of the smooth muscle organs, dilate the pupil, increase intraocular pressure and paralysis of accommodation (the ability of the eye to change the focal length). The acceleration and stimulation of cardiac activity after the use of the drug is explained by its ability to remove the inhibitory influences of the vagus nerve. The effect of the drug on the central nervous system occurs in the form of stimulation of the respiratory center, and when using toxic doses, motor and mental agitation (convulsions, visual hallucinations) is possible.

Atropine is prescribed:

• Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum;
• Spasms of the bile ducts, smooth muscle organs of the gastrointestinal tract, bronchi;
• Hypersalivation (parkinsonism, poisoning with heavy metal salts, dental interventions);
• Bradycardia;
• Acute pancreatitis;
• Intestinal and renal colic;
• Irritable bowel syndrome;
• Bronchospasm;
• Bronchitis with hypersecretion;
• AV block;
• Laryngospasm;
• Poisoning with anticholinesterase substances and m-cholinomimetics.

Atropine is also used for X-ray examinations of the gastrointestinal tract, for premedication before surgical operations and in ophthalmology (to dilate the pupil and achieve accommodation paralysis in order to determine the true refraction of the eye, examine the fundus, treat spasm of the central retinal artery, keratitis, iritis, choroiditis , iridocyclitis, embolism and some eye injuries).

Contraindications

The use of Atropine is contraindicated in case of hypersensitivity to the components included in the drug.

Directions for use and dosage

Injection

Depending on the indications, Atropine is administered subcutaneously, intramuscularly or intravenously at 0.25-1 mg, the frequency of use is up to 2 times a day.

For adults, 0.5-1 mg is administered intravenously to eliminate bradycardia; if necessary, the drug is repeated after 5 minutes. Children's dosage is determined by body weight - 0.01 mg/kg.

For premedication, Atropine is administered intramuscularly 45-60 minutes before anesthesia:

• Adults – 0.4-0.6 mg;
• Children – 0.01 mg/kg.

Eye drops

When using Atropine in ophthalmology, 1-2 drops of a 1% solution are instilled into the affected eye, the frequency of use (determined by indications) is up to 3 times a day, maintaining an interval of 5-6 hours. In some cases, it is possible to administer a 0.1% solution:

• Subconjunctival - 0.2-0.5 ml;
• Parabulbar - 0.3-0.5 ml.

For electrophoresis, a 0.5% Atropine solution is injected from the anode through the eyelids.

Side effects

With systemic use of Atropine, the following may develop:

• Tachycardia;
• Dry mouth;
• Difficulty urinating;
• Dizziness;
• Constipation;
• Photophobia;
• Mydriasis;
• Paralysis of accommodation;
• Impaired tactile perception.

When using Atropine in the treatment of eye diseases, in some cases the following may occur:

• Swelling of the conjunctiva and hyperemia of the eyeball and eyelids;
• Hyperemia of the skin of the eyelids;
• Dry mouth;
• Photophobia;
• Tachycardia.

special instructions

Atropine should be used with caution in diseases of the cardiovascular system, in which an increase in heart rate is undesirable:

• Tachycardia;
• Atrial fibrillation;
• Cardiac ischemia;
• Chronic heart failure;
• Arterial hypertension;
• Mitral stenosis.

Atropine should also be used with caution in case of thyrotoxicosis, acute bleeding, reflux esophagitis, elevated body temperature, increased intraocular pressure, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract accompanied by obstruction, gestosis, dry mouth, nonspecific ulcerative colitis, chronic diseases of the lungs, liver and kidneys. insufficiency, prostatic hypertrophy without urinary tract obstruction, myasthenia gravis, cerebral palsy, brain damage in children, Down's disease.

An interval of at least 1 hour should be observed between the use of antacids and Atropine.

With parabulbar or subconjunctival administration of the drug in order to reduce tachycardia, the patient should be given a validol tablet under the tongue.

During treatment with Atropine, caution should be exercised when engaging in potentially hazardous activities and when driving vehicles.

Analogs

According to the mechanism of action, analogs of Atropine are: Bellacechol, Appamide Plus, Cyclomed, Tropicamide, Hyoscyamine, Midriacil, Cycloptic, Midrimax, Bekarbon.

Terms and conditions of storage

The drug is available with a doctor's prescription. The shelf life of Atropine at temperatures up to 25 °C is:

• Solution for injection – 5 years;
• Eye drops – 3 years.

Atropine eye drops are an ophthalmic agent used to diagnose the patient’s vision condition.

The herbal components included in its composition act on the pupil, provoking drug-induced mydriasis.

The use of the medication at home without a doctor's prescription is prohibited.

Instructions for use

To purchase the product, the pharmacist will need to present a prescription from the supervising physician.

Atropine (in drops) is a translucent, uncolored solution, at a concentration of 1% in a 5 ml container (polyethylene capsule - dropper). The medicine is packaged in a thin cardboard box; when purchasing, check whether there are detailed instructions for use. The retail chain sells Atropine eye drops with a doctor's prescription.

Atropine is a substance based on plant components of the alkaloid class, which is contained in plants from the nightshade class.

The drug slows down the circulation of fluid in the eyeball and provokes dilation of the pupils, which increases pressure, progresses paralysis of accommodation, reduces the clarity of vision, and causes myopia.

When prescribing Atropine, it is forbidden to drive vehicles, read books and strain your eyesight.

The maximum concentration of the drug in the blood plasma is observed thirty minutes after administration of the drug. Penetration of the drug occurs through the conjunctiva of the eyes and causes a slowdown in the outflow of fluids, and eye pressure increases.


In patients with exceptional types of glaucoma, the medication causes an exacerbation of symptoms. Full vision is restored within four days from the date of completion of treatment with Atropine.

In rare cases, it will take seven days for eye function to recover. After this period, the pupil is able to react to stimuli, contract and expand due to reflexes.

Useful properties of the medicine

The use of Atropine by ophthalmologists is reduced to the properties of the drug to enlarge the pupil of the eye, which facilitates the examination of the patient’s fundus. Used for research purposes and in making a diagnosis.

The components of eye drops act on muscle atrophy and relieve spasm in case of eye injury and burns. Atropine, due to its antispasmodic effect, provides peace in case of eye injuries and a predisposition to the formation of blood clots. Without using a solution, healing takes longer.

The negative characteristics of the use of Atropine affect patients with hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, with special types of cataracts, glaucoma and in people with increased intraocular pressure.

A number of chronic diseases (cardiac arrhythmia, systematic increase in blood pressure, cases of hypertensive crisis, renal or liver failure, thrombophlebitis, adhesions on the bronchi of the lungs) are taken into account when prescribing Atropine eye drops to avoid provoking side effects.

An ophthalmologist prescribes an eye treatment after reviewing the medical history of a person with an eye disease. The patient takes full responsibility for informing the doctor about health problems.

Indications and use in solution form

Atropine eye drops are prescribed for diagnosing and checking the fundus of the eye, for relieving spasms and pain relief for eye injuries. The specialist selects the exact dosage and concentration of the medicine, after which they write out a prescription to present it at the pharmacy.

If the patient used lenses before prescribing eye drops, then during treatment with the drug they are discarded and replaced with glasses. In bright sunshine, use sunglasses with a high filter of ultraviolet rays.

In ophthalmology, eye drops are used in the form of an aqueous solution, instilled into the eye, in the amount specified by the doctor. Instillation is carried out in a certain way to avoid the medication getting into the patient’s nose and throat.

Thanks to its composition, Atropine has found use in several areas of medicine. Anesthesiologists administer it during operations to suppress the activity of the salivary glands and reduce reflex reactions.

When examining the organs of the gastrointestinal tract using X-rays, an Atropine solution is prescribed to reduce the activity and tension of these organs.

Ophthalmologists use the drug in the treatment of acute eye inflammation (iritis, keratitis, iridocyclitis) and trauma.

Let's try to figure out how long the solution lasts. Rapid penetration of the drug and maximum concentration of the active substance is observed in patients half an hour after use. Restoration of the natural functions of the eye occurs after seven days.

Contraindications for use

As a potent drug, Atropine has contraindications:

• keratocone;
• closed-angle glaucoma;
• synechia of the iris;
• increased eye sensitivity;
• hypothermia;
• increased body temperature;
• mitral stenosis;
• cardiac arrhythmias;
• hypertension (systematic increase in blood pressure);
• bearing a fetus;
• over sixty years of age.

Under control:

• children, age up to seven years;
• adults over forty years of age due to the likelihood of developing glaucoma.

To use Atropine, you need to take into account its compatibility with drugs. There is a weakening of m-cholinomimetics and anticholinesterase drugs when taken together. Antacids contain aluminum and calcium and reduce the absorption of Atropine in the gastrointestinal tract.

Antihistamines increase the risk of side effects from using eye drops. Prescriptions for the joint use of drugs are made by a doctor under strict control of the results.

Video

Side effects and consequences

A long course of taking the drug Atropine affects the general condition of the patient. Visual impairment caused by the components of the solution deprives a person of the opportunity to do usual things, for which concentration and eye strain are an integral part.

With physical limitations, problems arise and deterioration in health is a manifestation of the body’s adverse reactions to the drug.


When using Atropine eye drops, side effects are observed in the form of:

• swelling of the eyelids and conjunctiva;
• swelling of the eyeball;
• hyperemia of the skin of the eyelid;
• mydriasis;
• photo and photophobia;
• increase in pressure inside the eye.

Systemic side effects:

• migraine;
• cardiac tachycardia;
• dizziness;
• dry mucous membranes in the mouth;
• slowing down processes in the bladder and gastrointestinal tract;
• violation of the passage of feces.

If symptoms of the negative effects of Atropine are detected, stop using the medication and immediately consult a doctor.

The doctor cancels this drug or prescribes an Atropine analogue to continue treatment.

Use of Atropine sulfate drops 0.1, 0.5 and 1%

One or two drops of atropine sulfate at a concentration of 1% are injected into the eye three times a day at equal intervals of six hours. The ophthalmologist reduces the intervals between instillations if this improves the condition and degree of damage to the organ of vision. You cannot prescribe yourself treatment with Atropine sulfate; the effects of the medication on your health will be irreversible.

Subconjunctivally, a solution saturation of 0.1% is used in a volume of 0.2 to 0.5 ml. Parabulbar from 0.3 to 0.5 ml.

When performing electrophoresis through the eyelids using an eye bath, a solution with a concentration of the active substance of 0.5% is used.

Store the medicine at a temperature of five to six degrees in the refrigerator or a cool place up to eighteen to twenty degrees, protected from light. The shelf life of the drug is three years from the date of production.

The dropper containers with the solution are closed to prevent air from entering. The opened “dropper” is stored in the refrigerator with the cap closed for up to four weeks from the moment of opening.

If the product cannot be used within the period specified in the instructions, such a drug must be discarded. It is prohibited to use medicine that has expired!

Indications for use for children

With extreme caution and under the supervision of a specialist, children are treated with drops when they reach the age of seven years, observing the exact proportions of the active substance.

Depending on the severity of the eye damage, the doctor prescribes a course and dosage of up to two drops of a solution with a saturation of 0.5% up to three times a day, at intervals of six hours. In young children, Atropine drops are used for medicinal purposes for long-term therapy.

To diagnose eye diseases, medriatics with a short period of exposure are used. There are medications for pupil enlargement with rehabilitation in one day. The use of medications in this group will be more appropriate for performing manipulations on the children's visual apparatus.

The drug is injected into the child's eye, following the effective instillation technique.

The medicine reaches the conjunctiva. Avoid getting Atropine into the nasal cavity and mouth.

The child is placed on a horizontal surface and his head is turned towards the eye where the instillation will be carried out.

Pinch the lacrimal canal with your finger (apply pressure on the canal without effort and press it against the bridge of the child’s nose), administer the medicine, allow the medicine to distribute evenly over the surface, and unclench the canal. During the initial administration, the child is under constant supervision of a specialist.

Atropine is a drug that promotes the creation of drug-induced mydriasis, or in other words, dilation of the pupil. Due to the extensive number of contraindications and side effects, Atropine is rarely used in therapy today.

Atropine is an alkaloid of plant origin. The main active ingredient is extracted from plants that belong to the nightshade family.

Atropine promotes pupil dilation and prevents the outflow of intraocular fluid, which in turn leads to an increase in intraocular pressure and the development of accommodation paralysis. The latter not only has a therapeutic effect, but is also accompanied by impaired visual acuity, which should be taken into account by vehicle drivers.

After Atropine gets on the surface of the eye, the muscle responsible for fixing the lens relaxes, and the outflow of intraocular fluid changes.

A pronounced therapeutic effect, as a rule, can be observed within half an hour from the moment of application of the composition. Full restoration of eye function occurs after three days of treatment.

Release form

Atropine refers to anticholinergic drugs, m-cholinergic receptor blockers. Available in the form of eye drops and injection solutions with the main active ingredient – ​​atropine sulfate.

Injection solutions are sold in ampoules of 1 ml. The concentration of atropine in 1 ml is 1 mg. As for eye drops, 1 ml of the composition contains about 10 mg of atropine. The drug is sold in 5 ml polyethylene bottles.

Instructions for use

Atropine is prescribed to patients to reduce the secretory functions of the glands, relax the tone of organs with smooth muscles, dilate the pupil, increase intraocular pressure and paralysis of accommodation, which is characterized by changes in the focal length of the eye. The medicinal composition is also recommended in cases where it is necessary to accelerate or stimulate cardiac activity.

Atropine is used in the treatment of patients with:

• peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum;
• spasms of the bile ducts, smooth muscle organs of the gastrointestinal tract, bronchi;
• hypersalivation;
• bradycardia;
• acute form of pancreatitis;
• intestinal and renal colic;
• irritable bowel syndrome;
• bronchial spasms;
• bronchitis with hypersecretion;
• AV block;
• laryngospasms;
• poisoning with anticholinesterase substances and m-cholinomimetics.

Atropine is also used if it is necessary to conduct X-ray examinations of the gastrointestinal tract.

In ophthalmology, the medicinal composition is recommended for determining ocular refraction, when examining the fundus of the eye, as well as for therapeutic purposes for diagnoses represented by spasms of the central retinal arteries, keratitis, iritis, choroiditis, iridocyclitis, embolism and some eye injuries.

Price

Atropine is produced by a domestic pharmaceutical manufacturer, the Moscow Endocrine Plant, which has set the following prices for its own products:

Analogs

As already noted, Atropine is rarely used today for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes. Experts prefer the following analogues, which are no less effective, but safer:

• Taufon– taurine-based eye drops. The drug is prescribed for corneal dystrophy, cataracts, corneal injuries and dystrophic lesions of the retina. The solution is sold in 10 ml dropper bottles. The average cost of a medicine is 125 rubles.
• Systane ultra– composition for moisturizing the surface of the cornea and increasing eye comfort. It has a complex composition, and its production is carried out by the American pharmaceutical company Alcon. Prices for the drug range from 190 to 557 rubles.
• Midriacil– ophthalmic solution based on tropicamide, which promotes pupil dilation and the development of paralysis of accommodation. Available in 15 ml bottles, the average cost of which is 350 rubles.
• Tropicamide– eye drops with a mydriatic, anticholinergic effect. The main active ingredient is tropicamide. It differs from Atropine in the shorter action of the induced paralysis of accommodation, as well as a slight effect on the state of intraocular pressure. Available in 5 ml bottles, the average cost of which is 90 rubles.
• Cycloptic– eye drops based on cyclopentolate hydrochloride. The medicinal solution is used for diagnostics when performing ophthalmoscopy, to identify keratitis, iridocyclitis, episcleritis, scleritis and inflammatory pathologies affecting the anterior parts of the eyes. Available in 5 ml bottles, the average price of which is 130 rubles.
• Irifrin– eye drops based on phenylephrine hydrochloride. It is prescribed to dilate the pupil for diagnostic purposes during ophthalmoscopy and during other studies, with the help of which it will be possible to determine the condition of the posterior areas of the eyes. Available in bottles with a volume of 5 ml and an average cost of 560 rubles.

Contraindications

The main contraindications for which the use of Atropine should be excluded are:

• hypersensitivity to the constituent components of the drug;
• closed-angle and narrow-angle forms of glaucoma or if its development is suspected;
• synechiae affecting the iris of the eyes;
• up to 7 years of age.

The drug should be used with caution during pregnancy. The result of the research is confirmation of the penetration of atropine through the placental barrier. However, the clinical safety of the composition for the fetus has not been proven.

It has been noted that intravenous administration of Atropine during pregnancy or before childbirth can cause the development of tachycardia in the child. The use of the drug during lactation is also accompanied by the penetration of the medicinal composition into breast milk.

Manufacturers recommend prescribing the drug to patients with arrhythmia, high blood pressure, any other dysfunction of the cardiovascular system, as well as those over 40 years of age only after a comprehensive examination.

No less dangerous conditions in which Atropine should be taken with caution are represented by diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, urinary tract, endocrine system disorders and increased body temperature.

Dosage

Depending on the expected therapeutic effect, the drug can be prescribed in the following dosages:

• If premedication is necessary, adults are prescribed the composition in a dosage calculated at a rate of 300 to 600 mcg per kilogram of weight.
• In case of intoxication with cholinomimetics and drugs with phosphorus, it is recommended to administer the drug 1.4 ml intravenously.
• For bradycardia, intravenous administration of the composition in an amount of 0.5 to 1 mg is recommended. Another injection is allowed if necessary and after 5 minutes.
• It is recommended to use eye drops no more than 3 times a day, 1-2 drops each, maintaining an interval of 5 hours.

When using the drug, it is important not to exceed the maximum permissible daily dosage of 3 mg and a single dosage of 600 mcg.

Side effects

Serious side effects may occur during treatment with Atropine. This is about:

• dizziness, dry mouth, tachycardia, urinary retention, constipation, photophobia, paralysis of accommodation, tactile perception disorders, which can develop during systemic use of the drug;
• anxiety, headaches, increased heart rate;
• hyperemia and swelling of the conjunctiva, tachycardia, which is typical for the use of Atropine topically;
• allergic reactions.

Atropine can cause mydriasis, which can last from 7 to 10 days. At the same time, the installation of cholinomimetics does not contribute to the normalization of the condition. In view of the above side effects, consisting of visual impairment, it is recommended to avoid driving a car in the first 2-3 hours after installation of the composition in the area of ​​the conjunctival sac.

Compatibility

Supplementing Atropine with antacids containing aluminum or calcium carbonate helps reduce the absorption of the drug in the gastrointestinal tract. To avoid such consequences, it is recommended to maintain an interval between doses of 1 hour or more.

Simultaneous use of Atropine with phenylephrine can cause arterial hypertension, but in combination with Procainamide, an increase in the effect of the first drug is observed.

When using eye drops, it is important to avoid getting the solution into the nasopharynx area. To do this, experts recommend pressing the lacrimal opening located in the lower part. It is also important to consider that patients with intensely colored irises may have a reduced pupil dilation. In this case, it is important to prevent an overdose.

Overdose

If the recommended dosage of the drug is exceeded or if it is used frequently, unpleasant symptoms may develop that are characteristic of an overdose. Patients run the risk of visual impairment, unsteadiness of gait, difficulty breathing, drowsiness, hallucinations, hyperthermia, and muscle weakness.

In this case, treatment is carried out with physostigmine. The composition should be administered intravenously in an amount of no less than 0.5 and no more than 2 mg, maintaining a rate of no more than 1 mg per minute.

The daily dosage of the drug used should not exceed 5 mg. To provide first aid in case of an overdose of Atropine, it is possible to use neostigmine methyl sulfate, which is administered intramuscularly every 3 hours, 1-2 mg, depending on the patient’s condition.