Tablets for a child's runny nose. Drops for the common cold for children under one year of age: a list of the best and effective for the treatment of rhinitis. Aqualor Baby is available in two forms: drops and spray

Inflammation of the nasal mucosa, accompanied by congestion, difficulty breathing, and sneezing, is called a runny nose. This simple and safe (misconception of many) disease can be isolated, or can be accompanied by other pathologies. Treatment of a runny nose in children under one year of age should be carried out with competent treatment and means, especially in infants, since there is a risk of developing serious complications.

Types of runny nose in infants

A runny nose is a commonly diagnosed inflammation of the nasal mucosa in children. It affects teenagers, school-age children, and newborns/infants. In medicine, it is customary to distinguish the following types of runny nose:

1. Infectious. Occurs against the background of influenza, measles, acute respiratory viral infection.
2. Catarrhal (chronic). For a long time, and the congestion does not go away either day or night.
3. Allergic. All signs of a runny nose appear periodically and are most often associated with the seasons of the year - for example, grass blooms in the spring, poplar fluff flies in the summer, and ragweed blooms in the fall.
4. Vasomotor. It is diagnosed in children with weakened immune systems, for whom even a small draft, provided they have warm clothes, threatens to develop into a runny nose.

In the case of acute rhinitis (runny nose), three stages of rhinitis can be diagnosed:

• dry;
• wet;
• purulent.

Runny nose in infants - features of the course

Newborns are characterized by the development of a physiological runny nose - a condition that is associated with the adaptation of the nasal mucosa to the outside world and independent breathing. In the womb, the child did not breathe through the mouth and nose - oxygen came through the blood through the umbilical cord.

After birth, the body must get used to/adapt (go through a period of adaptation) to new living conditions and the nasal mucosa simply “calculates” the required amount of mucus that should be produced. It is during this period that the baby may experience nasal congestion and the presence of mucus.

Read what is best to use nasal drops for a runny nose.

With a physiological runny nose, the child does not experience discomfort and behaves absolutely calmly, so fever, moodiness and sleep disturbances cannot be associated with this condition.

Symptoms of a runny nose

For each stage of acute rhinitis (runny nose) there are symptoms:

• at the beginning of the disease (dry stage)– the nasal passages are dry, young patients experience unpleasant sensations (“itching”), and mild headaches develop;
• wet stage– light-colored mucus begins to accumulate in the nasal passages, the mucous membrane swells significantly and there is complete nasal congestion;
• purulent– nasal discharge acquires a yellow-green tint, a stretchy and viscous structure.

Snot in children is highly treatable, and in some cases, treatment of snot in children occurs without the intervention of doctors or the use of medications. If a runny nose lasts more than 3 weeks, then the risk of the disease becoming chronic increases significantly.

You can find out the reasons for nasal swelling without a runny nose.

Diagnostic measures

The doctor must differentiate a common runny nose from infectious diseases in which the symptoms may be similar - for example, diphtheria, measles.

Treatment of runny nose in children from birth to 12 months

The peculiarity of a runny nose in children under one year of age is a problem in its treatment. The fact is that the baby is not able to blow his nose and the release of mucus is difficult - it accumulates in the nasal passages, which can lead to the rapid development of chronic rhinitis.

If a child sneezes and has snot, it is necessary to treat comprehensively:

• provide the necessary humidity in the child’s room– you can use special humidifiers or place containers with water, hang wet rags over the radiators;
• regularly clear your nose of mucus using cotton wool for children under 9 months of age or an aspirator for older children.

Many parents put mother's breast milk into their nasal passages because it is believed to have antibacterial properties - this is a mistake! It is much more effective to use a weak saline solution for instillation (5 grams of salt in half a glass of water).

Drug treatment

If an infant has a runny nose, then treatment should be extremely safe - in no case should you use drops and aerosols/sprays, for example, which are recommended for older children, to relieve symptoms!

For babies aged 3 months and older, you can use Nazivin drops - they have a vasoconstrictor effect. If the baby is already 5 months old, then you can dilute the accumulated mucus in the nasal passages with a physiological solution of sodium chloride and then carry out the procedure of sucking out the liquid (aspiration). Find out how to properly rinse your child's nose.

It is also possible to take homeopathic remedies agreed with your doctor. Aquamaris is an equally effective remedy in the fight against the runny nose.

According to the instructions, children can rinse their nose with Aquamaris from birth.

Good remedies for nasal congestion in babies aged 5-6 months include Otrivin, Xylen and Vibrocil. In the period from 7 months and older, you can safely drip Interferon - it has not only a therapeutic, but also a preventive effect.

A runny nose can affect a small child from the first weeks of life. For the little one and his parents, this condition is very unpleasant: the child becomes very capricious, sleeps poorly, and cannot eat. Against this background, children often lose weight. A runny nose in itself is not terrible, but it is very difficult for a child to tolerate, so parents always strive to alleviate the baby’s condition.

The website “I am your baby” warns: self-medication is dangerous to health! Before taking medications, consult a specialist!

How does a runny nose develop?

A runny nose, or rhinitis, is not a separate disease; it is usually associated with other diseases: influenza, acute respiratory infections, ARVI, measles. A runny nose lasts from a week to 10 days; there are several stages in its development.

Initial stage (reflex). The vessels of the nasal mucosa narrow, dryness and burning appear in the nose, and there is a constant urge to sneeze. By this “itching” in the nose, everyone can easily understand that a runny nose is starting. This stage lasts only a few hours. Catarrhal stage. During this stage, the vessels of the mucous membrane, on the contrary, dilate, the mucous membrane turns red, and the nose swells slightly. The main symptom of this stage is the appearance of watery discharge from the nose. Sometimes it is accompanied by lacrimation and stuffy ears. Swelling of the nasal mucosa due to vasodilation causes nasal congestion. This stage lasts for several days. Recovery stage. At this stage, the discharge becomes thick, and if a bacterial infection occurs (which happens in most cases), it has a greenish or yellowish tint. Nasal congestion disappears, general condition improves.

TOP 5 children's medicines for the common cold

There are now quite a lot of medications for the treatment of runny nose. There are some restrictions for children under one year old: due to the imperfect structure of the nasal passages, such babies cannot use sprays. This can lead to the spread of infection, so it is better to instill drops in children under one year old. Let's try to highlight the best drugs that can be used by children under 5 years old.

Aqua Maris

This drug is purified sea water containing natural trace elements (sodium, magnesium, calcium). In children, Aqua Maris can be used in the following cases:

Acute or chronic runny nose. Adenotite. Allergy. Prevention during epidemics. Carrying out hygiene procedures, moisturizing the nasal mucosa.

Aqua Maris is available in 2 forms: nasal drops and spray.

Drops are sold in 10 ml bottles. They can be prescribed to children from the 1st day of life. Aqua Maris drops are instilled 2-3 times a day, 1-2 drops in each nostril. Approximate price 125 rubles. The spray is available in 50 ml cans. with a special convenient nozzle. The spray can only be used for children over 1 year of age. It can also be used for treatment and for carrying out hygienic procedures according to the scheme: 1-2 injections 2-3 times a day. Approximate price 251 rubles.

Aqua Maris is completely safe for children. The only possible side effect is the risk of an allergic reaction, but this is extremely rare.

Aqualor Baby

This is another product based on natural sea water from the Adriatic Sea. Aqualor Baby contains only natural ingredients and has no preservatives. Isotonic sterile sea water is enriched with microelements: potassium, magnesium, sodium, selenium, zinc and others. This drug not only has a cleansing and anti-inflammatory effect, but also helps improve immunity.

Indications for use of Aqualor Baby:

Treatment and prevention of infections (influenza, ARVI) and inflammatory diseases (sinusitis, adenitis). Nasal hygiene. Preparing the mucous membrane for the application of other medications.

Aqualor Baby is available in two forms: drops and spray.

Drops are available in 15 ml bottles. The drops can be used from birth; they need to be instilled 2-4 times a day, 1-2 drops into each nasal passage. Approximate price 105 rubles. The spray is available in 125 ml cans. The can has a convenient nozzle with a restrictive ring that prevents too deep insertion. The spray is used in children from one year old on the same principle as drops. In order for the effect to be maximum, it must be used correctly: when injecting, the child must tilt his head to the side, and then the contents must either be removed with an aspirator, or the child must be allowed to blow his nose. Approximate price 317 rubles.

Nazol Baby

A vasoconstrictor drug with the active ingredient phenylephrine. Nazol Baby makes breathing easier by reducing swelling of the nasal mucosa. The drug is available in the form of drops in 15 ml bottles.

Indications for use:

Colds, flu, ARVI. Allergies.

The drug is approved for children from birth. The dosage of drops is selected according to age:

For children under 1 year of age, 1 drop is instilled no more than 4 times a day. Children from 1 to 6 years old are instilled with 1-2 drops once every 6 hours.

Despite the fact that Nazol Baby is produced specifically for children, this drug has contraindications and limitations:

Drops can be used for no longer than 3 days. Nazol Baby is contraindicated for diseases of the cardiovascular system, diabetes mellitus, and hypersensitivity to its components. When using, you must strictly adhere to the dosage. In case of an overdose, a state of nervous excitement occurs and the heart rhythm is disturbed. When using drops, headaches, dizziness, sleep disturbances, and tingling in the nose may occur.

The younger the child, the more carefully this drug should be used. Approximate cost 158 ​​rubles.

Otrivin Baby

The drug Otrivin Baby is a sterile isotonic saline solution, in other words, a well-known saline solution. Otrivin Baby cleanses and moisturizes the nasal mucosa well, improving the condition of the mucous membrane and increasing local immunity. Its composition is natural for the body.

Indications for use:

Daily hygiene of the nasal cavity. Treatment and prevention of runny nose and colds.

Otrivin Baby is available in the form of drops and spray.

Otrivin Baby drops are available in 5 ml bottles. For children of any age, the regimen for using this drug is: 2-4 drops in each nasal passage, the frequency of instillation depends on the situation. This drug can be used from the first day of life. Approximate price 199 rubles. Otrivin Baby spray is available in 20 ml cans. Recommended for use in children over one year of age. You can use Otrivin Baby spray several times a day as needed, injecting it into each nasal passage. Approximate price 169 rubles.

Allergy to the components of the drug is possible. This drug has no other restrictions.

Vibrocil

A vasoconstrictor drug based on phenylephrine and dimethindene. Vibrocil contains lavender oil as an auxiliary component, therefore it has a specific smell and taste. This drug relieves swelling of the nasal cavity and makes breathing easier.

Indications for use:

Runny nose of any origin. Acute otitis.

Vibrocil is available in the form of drops, gel and spray, but the manufacturer does not recommend using the spray for children under 6 years of age.

Drops should be instilled according to the following scheme:

Children under 1 year - 1 drop in each nasal passage 3-4 times a day. Children over 1 year old – 1-2 drops 3-4 times a day.

Before use, be sure to clean the nasal mucosa. During use, burning and discomfort in the nose and nasopharynx are possible. An allergic reaction may occur. Approximate cost 231 rubles.

You need to choose a remedy for the treatment of runny nose in children under 5 years of age based on the severity of the situation. Mild runny noses and congestion can be treated with natural medications; more serious runny noses can be treated with vasoconstrictors.

Reading on the topic of runny nose:

How to treat a runny nose in an infant - 10 most effective folk remedies for runny nose in children - About green snot in a newborn - How to properly instill drops into the nose of a newborn - what to instill with - Nasal aspirators for newborns (types of aspirators and how to use them) - You can download the full composition of the children's first aid kit HERE.

A runny nose is a symptom that indicates that the nasal mucosa is trying to get rid of a microbe, allergen, foreign body or dust by washing it out of the nasal cavity. Nasal congestion indicates swelling of the same membrane.

In both of these cases, help is needed in the form of a local remedy - drops or sprays. The main requirement for these products, be it a nasal spray or drops, is that it should help the nasal mucosa in solving the problem, and not just eliminate congestion or snot discharge.

Below we present groups of drugs that are used for nasal congestion and runny nose, indications for use, duration of action and prices. No one can say what type of medication is needed better than an ENT doctor, who will do this based on the results of the examination.

Important Rules

For a cold remedy to really help, follow these rules:

Use drops for children under 6 years of age, and spray for adults. This is due to the fact that in children the auditory tube, that is, the communication between the pharynx and the ear, is short. If you spray a spray into your baby’s nose, it, as well as particles of microbes from the nasopharynx, will most likely get into the inner ear. There they are likely to cause otitis - allergic or infectious. Using drops, lie down (lay the child down), drop 1-2 drops of the drug into the right nostril and turn your head to the right, tilting it up a little. Dripping into the left nostril, turn your head to the left and up. In this case, you need to lie down on each side for 7-10 minutes so that the product can get not only onto the nasal mucosa, but also into the area where the nose and sinuses connect. This rule is especially important for vasoconstrictor drops: by performing the instillation correctly, you will quickly facilitate nasal breathing, and also prevent sinusitis (swelling in the area of ​​​​the junction of the sinus and nose will subside - the contents of the sinus will not stagnate, but will come out). When using the spray, on the contrary, the head should be vertical and tilted in the direction opposite to the nostril. This way the drug will remain in the nose and not move into the auditory tube. Before using medicinal sprays for a runny nose, rinse your nose with saline solutions. This can be done using ready-made drops and sprays, which we will discuss below, or solutions that require preparation (Dolphin, Aqua-Maris powders with a nasal rinsing system). You can also rinse your nose with a 0.9% sodium chloride solution purchased at a pharmacy in a 200 or 400 ml bottle, as well as with a composition you prepare yourself (take 1 teaspoon of salt per 200 ml of boiled warm water).

Types of drops for runny nose

What nasal drops can be used for a runny nose? There are the following groups of drugs:

Preparations based on saline solutions. Vasoconstrictor drops and sprays. Hormonal sprays. Sprays to thin thick nasal discharge. Drops and sprays with antibiotics or antiseptics (including silver-based). Antiviral local drugs. Combined preparations, including emollients, which contain essential oils. Drops that will thicken copious liquid snot. Homeopathic medicines. Drops and sprays with an immunomodulatory effect. Nasal drops for allergic rhinitis.

Preparations based on saline solutions

Medicines based on ocean, sea water or similar solutions prepared in a pharmacy contain many trace elements, organic compounds, and minerals. They are indicated for a runny nose of any origin (allergic, viral, bacterial, fungal), any type of sinusitis (sinusitis, sinusitis), inflammation of the adenoids. Their action is aimed at:

washing away germs from the nasal cavity; thinning thick mucus; leaching of substances released during inflammation and maintaining their levels; acceleration of mucosal healing; increased vascular tone of the nasal mucosa; destruction of microbes (if the water contains iodine).

Depending on the concentration of sodium chloride in solutions, several types of saline solutions are distinguished:

Vasoconstrictor drugs

These drops and sprays are used for both allergic rhinitis and colds. They constrict the vessels of the nasopharynx, as a result of which the swelling disappears and nasal breathing resumes. In case of an infectious runny nose, their use is justified: when removing swelling from the nasopharynx, low pressure will not be created in the tympanic cavity, so the inflammatory fluid full of microbes will not diffuse into the structures of the middle ear.

Decongestants (as vasoconstrictor drugs for the nose are called) are useful both for the prevention and treatment of sinusitis (sinusitis, frontal sinusitis). In this case, they relieve swelling from the anastomosis (communication) between the nasal cavity and sinus, as a result, the contents of the sinus do not stagnate, posing a danger in terms of the development of complications, but come out into the nose.

Decongestants allow a person to breathe easier through the nose, especially during meals, to hear better (even in the presence of otitis media), and normalize sleep and voice. At the same time, they inhibit the movement of cell processes (cilia) that form the nasal mucosa. When used for more than 5 days, the eyelashes are completely “paralyzed” (this is a temporary effect), so you should not use such drops for longer. You can save your eyelashes a little by using decongestants together with saline solution (Rinomaris, Rinotaiss).

Decongestants “work” through adrenaline receptors located on the vascular cells of the nasal mucosa. They give a “command” similar to that given by adrenaline - to constrict the blood vessels. Blood stops filling the vessels - swelling subsides for a while, and the production of nasal mucus decreases. This feature is also used to stop nosebleeds.

Adrenaline receptors are not only found on the vessels of the nasal cavity - they are present on many cells, including the cells of the heart, bronchi, prostate gland, bladder and pregnant uterus. Possible side effects associated with an overdose of any drug are associated with this: increased blood pressure, a significant decrease in heart rate, loss of consciousness, and a decrease in temperature. Due to their ability to contract the uterus, decongestants are not used during pregnancy.

Decongestants also have this feature: if the active substance constantly circulates in the blood, the receptors stop responding to it, and to achieve an effect the dose will have to be increased, which will inevitably lead to the development of undesirable symptoms. Therefore, vasoconstrictor drops are not used for longer than 5, or at most 7 days. If it is necessary to maintain the effect, the ENT doctor may prescribe a drug with another main active ingredient.

Drops for runny nose and nasal congestion are divided depending on their active ingredient. Some basic products last only 3-4 hours, while others last 8-10, or even 12 hours. Unless otherwise prescribed, short-acting medications are best used during the day, while long-acting drops and sprays are left overnight.

Please note: children's nasal drops for a runny nose contain 0.025-0.5%; for adults, a concentration of 0.5% (in the case of oxymetazoline), 0.1% (for other active ingredients) is used. For children up to one year, and better yet, up to 6 years old, use only drop forms.

Cheap nasal drops for a runny nose are:

Xylometazoline-Solopharm; Xylene; Galazolin; Rhinostop; Naphthyzin; Nesopin.

Hormonal sprays

These drugs are based on glucocorticoids - hormones, analogues of which are produced in the human adrenal glands - have pronounced anti-inflammatory, anti-edematous and anti-allergic activity. They are not “first aid” drugs, starting to act 3-4 hours after instillation. Maximum activity begins within a day.

By removing swelling, drops with glucocorticoids improve nasal breathing, prevent the development of sinusitis or, if it has already developed, reduce its manifestations. Due to the fact that they suppress local immunity, thin the nasal mucosa, and can lead to increased intraocular pressure, this type of drug is prescribed only by an ENT doctor.

Depending on the main active ingredient, there are the following hormonal sprays (they are presented in order of decreasing local activity):

Sprays to thin thick nasal discharge

Rinofluimucil

For both adults and children, with a runny nose accompanied by the release of thick snot (usually this occurs on the 5th day of illness or later), Rinofluimucil is prescribed - a drug containing a mucus “thinner” acetylcysteine ​​and a swelling reliever tuaminoheptane sulfate.
Indications: rhinitis with copious mucopurulent discharge, chronic rhinitis, sinusitis, vasomotor rhinitis.
Application:

adults – 2 doses of aerosol in each nasal passage 3-4 times a day; children from 3 years old – 1 dose 3-4 times a day.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, angle-closure glaucoma, increased thyroid function, treatment with antidepressants-MAO inhibitors.
Its price is 230-300 rubles.

Antiseptic drops

If the runny nose is bacterial in nature, that is, yellow snot is released from the nose almost from the first day of the disease, the ENT doctor prescribes drops with antiseptics. Antiseptics are substances that destroy bacteria and also have the ability to slow down the activity of fungi and viruses. These are not antibiotics, to which bacteria can develop resistance: microbial enzymes have not learned to adapt to the composition of antiseptics.

Such drugs are prescribed only by an ENT doctor. The following antiseptic drops are available:

Antiviral topical drugs

These are sprays and drops based on interferon-alpha1 - an antiviral substance that is produced by human leukocytes when a virus enters the body - to destroy it.

Antibiotic drops

They are prescribed for purulent processes localized in the nasal cavity or sinuses.

Combination drugs

Drops and sprays of this type contain a vasoconstrictor in combination with either an antihistamine, a glucocorticoid, or an antibacterial drug.

The last 2 drugs also belong to the group of softening drops (thanks to the essential oils in the composition). They are prescribed for the prevention and complex treatment of otitis, which arose as a complication of acute respiratory viral infection.

Drops that will thicken copious runny snot

If the snot remains profuse and liquid, despite ongoing etiotropic (that is, aimed at treating the cause) therapy, the doctor may prescribe drops with tannin, an astringent substance of plant origin. Such drugs are prepared in the prescription departments of pharmacies according to prescriptions prescribed by a doctor. The doctor selects the composition of the drops depending on the individual situation.

Homeopathic medicines

Anti-inflammatory, local irritant

Drops and sprays with immunomodulatory effect

Antihistamine drops

They are used for rhinitis with a pronounced allergic component.

What to use for children

A pediatrician or pediatric ENT doctor will write a list of nasal drops for a runny nose for your child, based on an examination and his own experience in this regard. Typically it includes:

Rinsing with saline solutions, mainly not hypertonic, but isotonic: Aqua-Maris, Humer 150 worth, Physiomer, Aqualor, Marimer or others. Vasoconstrictors: Nazol-Baby, Nazol-Kids, Nazivin of appropriate concentration. If the allergic component is strong, after 2-3 days the drugs of the previous group are changed to combined drugs (Vibrocil, Pinosol). In case of severe swelling, Avamis or other hormonal sprays are added in a short course. Bacterial rhinitis is treated with antiseptic (Ocomistin, Protargol) and antibacterial (Isofra, Polydexa) agents. To prevent a viral infection from “crushing” a child, Grippferon or other interferon drugs are used from the first day of a viral runny nose. Euphorbium compositum and other homeopathic drops also help well from the first day of illness. If a child is often sick, it makes sense to use IRS-19 or Derinat. But they must be prescribed by a doctor.

Medicines against the common cold for children under one year old differ in dosage and release form from those intended for older children and adults. Therefore, medications against rhinitis in infants must be prescribed by a pediatrician.

A runny nose, in itself, is not a dangerous disease. And the whole burden of it for a child under one year old lies in their inability to blow their nose and free the nasal sinuses from accumulated mucus. As a result, he has difficulty breathing, refuses to eat and drink, sleeps poorly and is capricious.

The modern pharmacological market offers an insane amount of medications to combat rhinitis, including in newborns. But are they all absolutely harmless?

Medicines based on sea salt

Perhaps the most harmless for infants is Aqua Maris; it can be used from the first days of a baby’s life. It contains no dyes or preservatives, but only purified water of the Adriatic Sea and ions of useful microelements:

Iodine is a powerful antiseptic that prevents the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria. Selenium and zinc increase immunity by promoting the production of its own interferon. Magnesium and calcium reduce mucus production.

Based on all its positive functions, Aqua Maris is indispensable for washing out snot from a small nose, before suctioning it out, using an aspirator. Its second useful property is considered to be good hydration of the mucous membrane and its protection from drying out.

This product has two forms of release. For newborns, the use of sprays is prohibited, as they are not able to hold their breath in time. And the smallest particles of the substance can penetrate the bronchi and middle ear, contributing to the development of the inflammatory process in the organs. Therefore, for infants up to one year old, the form released in the form of drops is suitable.

You can drip Aqua Maris up to 4-5 times a day, as needed. Before the procedure, the child needs to be calmed down a little, then place him on a horizontal surface and drop 2-3 drops into each nostril, slightly turning the baby’s head in the direction opposite to the involved nasal passage.

Aqua Maris can be used in complex therapy; it interacts well with other medications, has no side effects and does not cause allergies.

Another similar drug for newborns is Aqualor Baby, which is similar in composition to that described above. Available for infants up to one year, in the form of drops. Has a disinfectant, cleansing, moisturizing and antiseptic effect.

Vasoconstrictors

The use of vasoconstrictor medications is extremely undesirable for infants. Firstly, they can greatly dry out the already exhausted nasal mucosa. Secondly, they are addictive, which requires increasing doses and constant use. This risk arises due to the fact that drugs of this type affect not only the mucous membrane of the respiratory system, but also the blood vessels of the entire body as a whole. Therefore, an important rule when using these drugs is not to use them for longer than 5 days, and no more than 2 times a day.

Naturally, their dosage for newborns must correspond to the age of the patient. Therefore, the use of vasoconstrictor medications without a doctor’s prescription is prohibited!

Such drops have an effective effect on infectious, cold and allergic rhinitis, but do not have a therapeutic effect, but only alleviate symptoms, relieve swelling and make breathing easier, so their use is advisable before going to bed, so that a stuffy nose does not bother both the baby and to his parents, have a peaceful night.

To relieve painful symptoms, doctors usually recommend: Otrivin Baby Nazol Baby Nazivin Vibrocil

Otrivin is produced in drops for irrigation of the nasal cavity, its active ingredient is xylometazoline hydrochloride. It does an excellent job of removing swelling from the mucous membrane and restoring normal breathing. Suitable for babies from the first month of life. Doctors prescribe Otrivin 1-2 times a day, 1-2 drops in each nostril, for a maximum of a week. It is very important that if the dosage is followed correctly, it does not dry out the nasal mucosa.

Nazol Baby with the active ingredient - phenylephrine hydrochloride, is available in the form of drops and has decongestant properties. The duration of treatment with Nazol should not exceed three days, and the dosage should be one drop every 6-8 hours. If it is exceeded, heart rhythm disturbances, poor sleep, headaches, and overexcitement are possible.

Most often, to relieve unpleasant symptoms, pediatricians recommend Nazivin 0.01% for infants, with the active ingredient oxymetazoline. It has a good anti-edematous effect, but, unfortunately, it cannot be called harmless. The instructions describe in detail all the side effects that are possible from its long-term use:

Burning and dryness in the nose Sleep disturbance Nausea Vomiting Fever Pulmonary edema Coma

Naturally, in order to avoid harmful consequences, it is possible to use Nazivin only as prescribed by the attending physician in a strictly prescribed dose: no more than three times in 24 hours, 1-2 doses in each nostril, for a maximum of 5 days. To avoid overdose, the bottle is equipped with a special pipette that allows you to measure the exact amount of the drug.

Another medicine in the decongestant line is Vibrocil, it is usually prescribed for 5-7 days, three times a day, one drop, since long-term use can lead to increased dryness in the nose.

Remedies for viral rhinitis for infants

Often, a runny nose occurs as a sign of an acute respiratory viral infection or acute respiratory infection, in which case it is necessary to take antiviral drugs created on the basis of interferons; most often in such cases, doctors prescribe Grippferon.

In addition to being antiviral, Grippferon has an immunomodulatory effect on the body, and is suitable not only for therapy, but also for the prevention of diseases. Available in the form of drops, ointments and rectal suppositories. Timely treatment with Grippferon helps stop the development of the disease at an early stage. And it is absolutely harmless for infants, is not addictive, is compatible with other medications and can be used in complex therapy.

There are practically no restrictions on the duration of treatment with Grippferon, but doctors usually recommend its use for 10 days.

Anti-inflammatory drugs

The most common anti-inflammatory drugs against rhinitis are:

Protorgol or Sialor Bioparox Miramistin Isofra

Despite the fact that Protargol, or its analogue Sialor, is based on silver proteinate. That is, they contain heavy metal ions that can accumulate in the body. Doctors often prescribe them for children under one year of age for a runny nose of a bacterial nature. They have an anti-inflammatory and disinfecting effect, creating a protective antimicrobial film on the mucous membrane of the respiratory organ, and help quickly overcome the disease. Silver-based drugs are approved for very young children because they do not have a vasoconstrictor effect, but still have a number of side effects:

Drowsiness Burning and dryness in the nasopharynx Urticaria With overdose and long-term use, argiosis (pigmentation) may develop

What is the difference between these two drugs? Protargol is prepared to order in the pharmacy in the prescription department and sold in liquid form. Sialor can be purchased in the form of a dry powder and diluted with a special solvent included in the kit immediately before use. The shelf life of the finished medicine is 1 month.

Bioparx is a local antibiotic with the active ingredient fusafungin. It is effective in the fight against rhinitis caused by bacteria and fungi, but is available exclusively in the form of sprays, so it is not recommended for children under 2 years of age. Typically, pediatricians prescribe Miramistin as a replacement for Bioparox.

Miramistin is a powerful antiseptic and a fairly good remedy for combating a number of pathogens. Lately, pediatricians have been very fond of prescribing it for bacterial rhinitis. But, unfortunately, Miramistin is not suitable for infants. The fact is that the therapeutic effect of it occurs only when the entire contaminated surface is irrigated. To penetrate deeply into the nasal sinuses, they must be soaked generously with liquid, but as mentioned above, the use of sprays for babies under one year of age is prohibited. It makes no sense to use Miramistin as drops, since it will not cover the entire nasal cavity and will not destroy all the bacteria living on it.

But, nevertheless, Miramistin should be in every mother’s medicine cabinet, as it does an excellent job of disinfecting superficial skin wounds.

Derinat

A truly unique remedy, a real salvation for children whose constant companion is inflammation of the respiratory mucosa. Derinat is a multifunctional drug and has an immunomodulatory, protective, anti-edematous and calming effect. It does not constrict blood vessels, is not addictive, and does not dry out the mucous membrane.

If you start using it as soon as the first symptoms of the disease appear, it will mobilize all the body’s forces to fight the disease and help defeat it much faster.

Derinat is indispensable for babies from birth and copes well with a huge list of diseases, such as rhinitis, sinusitis, laryngitis, bronchitis and other respiratory diseases.

For prevention, it is prescribed for a period of 7 to 14 days, 2-4 times a day, two drops in each nasal passage. At the first signs of illness, the medicine should be instilled every two hours, two drops, for 24 hours, and in the following days 3-4 times a day. In case of acute respiratory disease, the number of applications increases up to 6 times.

Whatever the cause of your child’s illness, you should apply this or that treatment complex only after consulting a pediatrician; do not risk the well-being of your beloved child and do not self-medicate.

The health of your baby is in your loving hands.

Due to reduced immunity, young children often suffer from colds, rhinitis, etc. in a small child causes a lot of concern among parents. The child begins to sleep poorly, be capricious, and his appetite decreases.

The causes of a runny nose in a child can be very different. Before starting treatment, it is necessary to determine the cause. It is not recommended to treat a child without consulting a doctor, since medications and folk remedies may have their own contraindications and age restrictions.

Often mothers attribute the occurrence to an infection, which is indeed quite often the cause, but physiological reasons, etc., can also cause a runny nose in a small child. Consultation with a doctor before starting treatment is required.

It is difficult to determine the best remedy for a runny nose for children, since depending on the causes, age and physiological characteristics of the body, the child reacts to one or another remedy differently.

As a rule, the treatment is complex and has its own differences in dosages and types of drugs depending on the cause of the runny nose:

• Infection. The most common, but far from the only reason in a child. Viruses, bacteria and, less commonly, fungi can cause inflammation of the nasal mucosa. With bacterial rhinitis, pus may be released, while viral rhinitis is accompanied by the release of clear mucus. The infection is rarely accompanied only by a runny nose; usually there is also redness of the throat and general malaise.
• Allergy. The allergy causes a chronic and severe runny nose, which is also accompanied by severe swelling. A runny nose like this can occur at any time. Seasonal allergies last up to 2 months during the flowering period of certain plants. In the cold season, a child may develop symptoms due to dust, feather pillows, or pet hair.
• Drug-induced rhinitis. Sometimes a runny nose can be a side effect of the medication you are taking. You must carefully study the instructions before you start giving the drug to your child.
• Foreign body in the nose. Young children often put small objects up their noses. Outwardly, this may not be noticeable if the object has gone quite deep, but the child will noticeably sniffle and mucus will begin to come out of his nose. If you suspect a foreign object in the nose, you should immediately call a doctor or go to the emergency room.
• Dry air. In small children, especially infants, dry air causes irritation of the mucous membranes, crusts in the nose and copious secretion of mucus. This type of runny nose does not require treatment; air humidification is sufficient.

Signs of a runny nose and possible complications

It is quite easy to recognize, but it is more difficult to determine its cause. It is not always possible to immediately understand that a newborn has developed sniffles, since he constantly lies down and can swallow mucus while it is not released much.

Signs of a runny nose:

• Mucus secretion. can be discharged from the nose very profusely, causing beauty and irritation of the skin around the nose. With viral rhinitis, they are quite clear and watery, but thicken over time. With bacterial rhinitis, the snot is thicker and yellow-green, and with an allergic rhinitis, it is clear and runny.
• Swelling and breathing problems. When children have a runny nose, it becomes difficult to breathe, which may be due to swelling, accumulation of mucus, or crusts in the nose. The child sleeps poorly, sniffles, refuses to eat, and breathes through his nose.
• Sneezing. Frequent sneezing, accompanied by increased swelling, most often occurs with allergic rhinitis. A child may also sneeze due to dryness in the nose from droplets and the formation of crusts.
• Itching. When you have a runny nose, the skin around your nose becomes irritated and may itch. Also, children quite often rub their eyes during the procedure, as they also become slightly inflamed and itch, turn red, and watery eyes appear.
• General malaise. When the child becomes lethargic, gets tired quickly, loses interest in any toys, loses appetite, and sleep patterns are disrupted.

The most common complication of rhinitis in a child is. Inflammation from the nasal mucosa spreads to the middle ear, causing pain. In this case, you cannot do without, which relieve swelling and improve the outflow of fluid from the middle ear.

It can be a complication of a prolonged runny nose only in children over 2 years of age. Until 2 years of age, they are not yet sufficiently developed, so they do not become inflamed.

In a child, sinusitis occurs in the same way as in an adult: swelling, headaches that get worse when bending over, possible discharge of pus, fever.

Prolonged rhinitis in a child can also cause. Mucus from the nose enters the throat, which can cause coughing and inflammation. For this reason, you need to regularly remove mucus from the nose and place your child on a high pillow at night.

Drug treatment - drugs: types and uses

In treatment, various drops and sprays occupy a leading place. In some cases, the doctor prescribes (bacterial rhinitis,) or antiviral drugs.

The dosage should be determined by a doctor. For young children, among antibiotics, Ecomed and Sumamed are more often prescribed due to the lack of serious ones, and among antiviral drugs - Ergoferon, Anaferon, Viferon suppositories.

Nasal drops and sprays have different ingredients and differ in action.

When purchasing a drug, be sure to look at the permitted age and side effects.

Common remedies:

• based on xylometazoline and oxymetazoline. Such drugs include, for children (from one year and from 6 years), Tizin Xylo for children,. These drops and sprays last from 6 to 12 hours. They quickly relieve swelling, reduce mucus production and allow the child to breathe normally. However, the effects of these drugs are limited and they can also be addictive. They are not recommended to be used for longer than 4-5 days and more than 2-3 times a day.
• Sprays and drops to rinse and facilitate the removal of thick mucus from the nose. This may include,. Small children have difficulty blowing out thick mucus; in infancy they do not know how to blow their nose at all, so mucus from the nose is removed with an aspirator or a bulb. To facilitate this process, as well as to relieve inflammation and remove dry crusts, pharmacies sell rinsing solutions based on sea water.
• Combined drugs. Such drugs include Vibrocil and Cromohexal drops. Vibrocil drops help well with both infectious and allergic rhinitis. They contain phenylephrine, which has a vasoconstrictor effect, but less pronounced and lasting than other drops. Vibrocil relieves inflammation and irritation of the mucous membrane, softens it.
• Antiviral drops. Local antiviral drugs such as Grippferon and Interferon are very effective in the initial stages. They stop viruses from multiplying and prevent the spread of infection.

Traditional methods of treatment

Any remedy for a runny nose for a child should be used very carefully and only on the recommendation of a doctor. Young children are prone to allergies, especially children under one year old who have a limited diet. You can put juices and herbs into your nose only on the advice of a doctor and you should start with a small dosage. If an allergic reaction occurs, you must stop treatment and contact your pediatrician.

All juices and decoctions are instilled into the nose only in diluted form. Concentrated juice can cause burns to the mucous membrane. Fixed assets:

• Carrot and beet juice. Freshly squeezed juices can be instilled into children up to one year old, when the use of drops is limited. But they must be diluted with water in equal proportions and no more than 1-2 drops placed in the nose.
• Garlic. Older children are advised to squeeze the garlic and mix the juice with olive oil. After this remedy, the child begins to actively sneeze. If such a recipe causes discomfort or a burning sensation in the child’s nose, it is better to refuse it.
• Juice . The cut aloe leaf should be left in the refrigerator for a day, and then squeeze out a little juice, mix with water or honey and drop 1-2 drops into the nose. This remedy also causes active sneezing, but helps relieve swelling and inflammation. An allergic reaction is possible.
• Warming up. Warming the bridge of the nose with a bag of salt can be very effective. However, it is worth remembering that you should not warm your nose during the separation of pus and with sinusitis.
• Hot foot baths. These baths are suitable for older children. Hot water is poured into the basin, but not boiling water, to which mustard is added. You need to immerse your feet in the water for 5-10 minutes, then wipe them dry and put on warm socks. It is better to carry out this procedure not overnight. You should not hover your feet when

is a childhood disease that parents most often encounter. A runny nose is an inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nasal cavity, accompanied by a number of characteristic symptoms.

As a separate disease it is rare, but more often it serves as a sign of other diseases.

Experts include the following as the main reasons for the development of runny nose in children:

Clinical picture

A runny nose is a disease accompanied by certain symptoms. The most common clinical picture:

1. Hyperemia and nasal cavity. In this case, a burning sensation occurs, accompanied by a constant desire to sneeze. Often the temperature rises slightly, headache appears, weakness and general malaise appear. It is extremely rare that the first stage of a runny nose is accompanied by aching limbs and signs of intoxication. This stage lasts no more than two days.
2. The mucous membrane swells, breathing becomes difficult, and nasal congestion occurs. Children often lose their sense of smell and cannot taste food. Colorless liquid serous discharge begins to appear. Irritation develops on the upper lip and around the nose.
3. With a strong immune system, a runny nose goes away on its own on the sixth day. If the disease continues to progress, then the child develops purulent mucous discharge and complete blockage of the nasal passages occurs due to edema. In the absence of adequate therapy, the disease becomes chronic.

Medicines for children over one year of age

Treatment of rhinitis should be carried out only after diagnosis. Depending on the causes of the disease, the doctor will select medications and prescribe procedures.

Let's look at what helps children with a runny nose.

Vasoconstrictors

They allow you to temporarily eliminate swelling. It should be remembered that drugs in this group cannot be used for more than 9 days, otherwise they can provoke the occurrence of medical rhinitis.

Main representatives of the class: , Otrivin, Brizolin, Vibrocil. Let's take a closer look.

Brizolin

A transparent solution, packaged in 10 or 5 ml in plastic or glass packaging. The drug is prescribed for the treatment of eustachitis, otitis media, rhinitis of an allergic, viral or bacterial nature.

Brizolin should not be used for allergic hypertension, diabetes, tachycardia, atrophic rhinitis, hyperthyroidism, severe atherosclerosis, pheochromocytoma.

Important: the drug is not used in the treatment of runny nose in children under two years of age.

In some cases, the drug can cause atrophy of the epithelium, increased swelling of the mucous membranes, lacrimation, burning, dryness, vomiting, depression, blurred vision, increased blood pressure, insomnia, and headaches.

Vibrocil

Gel or spray for children from six years old, drops - from birth.

The drug is used to treat rhinitis of various etiologies.

It is prohibited to use the medicine for thyroid pathologies, diabetes, atrophic rhinitis, allergies to the components included in the product, or heart disease.

Can not use longer than 7 days.

Longer use does not have a therapeutic effect and can cause complications.

Otrivin

Spray or drops for children from one year old. Prescribed for: sinusitis, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and rhinitis, eustachitis, acute respiratory infections with runny nose, otitis media.

Main contraindications: sensitivity to the ingredients included in the product, glaucoma, tachycardia, hyperthyroidism, high blood pressure, atrophic rhinitis, atherosclerosis, diabetes, heart disease.

With long-term use, adverse reactions are possible: swelling, sneezing, burning and tingling, hypersecretion, allergies, migraines, blurred vision, nausea, arrhythmia, insomnia.

Important: the drug should not be used for more than 9 days. Long-term use leads to atrophy of the mucous membranes of the nasal cavity.

Nazivin

The best remedy for a runny nose for children over one year old. Available in the form of drops.

Experts prescribe it for otitis media, eustachitis, and rhinitis.

It is unacceptable to use for metabolic diseases, pheochromocytoma, pathologies of the circulatory system, glaucoma, atrophic rhinitis, hypersensitivity to the components of the drug.

The product is used for no more than 7 days.

After a short break, repeated use is permissible.

Nasal rinses

Cleansing the nasal passages with the help of these products is carried out after using vasoconstrictor medications.

Dolphin

This is a highly effective medicine based on herbal ingredients and minerals. Thanks to the complete rinsing of allergens, pathological microorganisms, viruses and dust from the nasal cavity, breathing is restored. The drug has an antiseptic, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory effect.

Important: only for children over 4 years old.

Indications for use: frontal sinusitis, ethmoiditis, sinusitis, hypertrophic, allergic, chronic and atrophic rhinitis, adenoiditis, prevention of acute respiratory viral infections and influenza.

Do not use for grade 3 adenoids, complete nasal congestion, neoplasms of the nasal cavity, intolerance to the components of the drug, chronic otitis media, frequent bleeding.

Aqua Maris

An effective remedy for the common cold for children 2 years old. ABOUT The main component of the product is water from the Adriatic Sea.

Thanks to the microelements included in sea water, the immune system is stimulated, the nasal mucosa is protected from pathogens, swelling is eliminated, and inflammation is reduced. Drops are available for infants.

The drug is effective for diseases of the nose of an inflammatory-infectious nature, adenoids, atrophic, vasomotor, allergic rhinitis, nasal congestion. Shows good results as a prophylactic during seasonal infections.

Aqua-Maris has a gentle effect on the mucous membranes, so there are no contraindications to its use.

Important: Infants should not use nasal spray to cleanse their nose. Drops are used for them.

Salin

A drug in the form of a spray intended to eliminate inflammatory processes in the nasal cavity. The main active ingredient of the product is sodium chloride. Prescribed for complex therapy of rhinitis. Salin thins nasal secretions and makes breathing easier.

Treatment of a runny nose without medical advice can last no more than three days. If infectious complications or fever occur, you should contact a specialist.

Anti-inflammatory and antiseptic

Vasoconstrictors allow you to get instant results for nasal congestion. However, they cannot be used for more than a week. In cases where therapy with conventional drugs does not lead to improvement, doctors prescribe hormonal drugs.

Avamis best helps eliminate the symptoms of complicated diseases of the ENT organs. The drug affects local immunity, penetrating the blood plasma in small quantities.

You should not expect instant results from the drug. It has a cumulative effect. A noticeable result can be seen only after a few days of use.

Main indications for use: adenoiditis, sinusitis, allergic rhinitis, sinusitis. The drug can independently cope only with allergic manifestations; in other cases, it is used only in complex therapy to reduce the likelihood of complications.

The drug has contraindications: violation of the integrity of the nasal cavity, corticosteroid therapy, individual intolerance, age under two years.

Important. Avamis is a cure for the common cold for children 3 years old. When used in children over two years of age, a preliminary examination and consultation with specialists is required.

Antihistamines

Hay fever is a serious problem of the 21st century. The incidence of seasonal allergies has increased significantly compared to the past. The main signs of hay fever: urticaria, itching, inflammation of the nasal cavity. The most effective means are considered Erius and Loratadine.

Medicines for the common cold for children over one year of age are produced in the form of syrup. Only a doctor can prescribe them after examining the child.

Frequent adverse reactions after using Loratodine: decreased diuresis, increased allergic manifestations, drowsiness, fatigue. No such adverse reactions were observed when using Erius.

Important: If any negative manifestations occur, you must immediately stop taking the drug.

Conclusion

Only a doctor can tell you which remedy for a runny nose is best for a child after an examination. Self-medication is unacceptable.

Incorrectly chosen drugs can cause negative reactions and lead to the transition of the disease from acute to chronic.

Ekaterina Morozova

Reading time: 9 minutes

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Young children have a runny nose quite often. A stuffy nose prevents the baby from breathing normally and the baby from eating normally. The child becomes capricious, restless, may sleep poorly, lose weight, and sometimes there is an increase in temperature. And, of course, parents really want to help their child. But in pharmacies there are now a very large number of different medications for the common cold for young children, and it is very difficult to figure out which of them is good. So let's try to do this together.

Runny nose and stages of its development

A runny nose, or in medical terms rhinitis, is an inflammation of the nasal mucosa. Most often, this disease is not independent, but is a symptom of some other disease, such as influenza, measles, adenovirus infection and other ARVI diseases. Most often, a runny nose develops within 7-10 days or more, it all depends on the disease that provoked it. The drug is available in the form of nasal drops and spray. The use of the spray is not recommended for children under one year of age. As a way out, you can use .

Rhinitis has three stages of development:

• Reflex– develops very quickly, passes within a few hours. The blood vessels narrow, the nasal mucosa becomes sharply pale. During this period, there is burning and dryness in the nasal cavity, frequent sneezing;
• Catarrhal– vasodilation occurs, the mucous membrane becomes redder and the nasal concha swells. This stage lasts 2-3 days. During this period, there is difficulty breathing, copious transparent watery discharge, lacrimation, stuffy ears, decreased sense of smell;
• The third stage begins if it joins bacterial inflammation. During this period, an improvement in general condition is observed: the sense of smell improves, breathing is restored. The nasal discharge becomes thicker and has a greenish or yellowish color.

Medicines for children under 5 years of age

Aqua Maris

192 rubles, spray - 176 rubles

This drug is produced using water from the Adriatic Sea. It contains unique microelements (sodium, magnesium, calcium ions, etc.), which contribute to the effective treatment of runny nose and colds.

Main testimony for the use of this drug are:

For treatment, Aqua Maris is instilled into adults and children 2-5 times a day, 2 drops into each nasal passage. Duration of treatment this drug from 2 to 3 weeks, it all depends on the severity of the disease.

For prevention the drug must be instilled 1-2 drops 1-2 times a day.

Aqua Maris can be used from the first day of life. For newborns, it is used for hygienic purposes to moisturize the nasal cavity. The drug has no side effects, except for individual intolerance to some components.

Parents' reviews:

Mila:

Oh, what a wonderful remedy... Drops are ideal for babies, and you can drop as much as you like without harming your health, rather, on the contrary, it improves immunity... it’s the only way to eliminate a runny nose, you don’t have to use anything potentially dangerous.

Valeria:

Aqua Maris nasal spray has helped my family a lot. We move very often, and the child suffers because of this. After all, climate change contributes to the fact that my daughter has a constant runny nose and health problems. Thanks to this nasal spray, my daughter can tolerate sudden climate changes much better. She is not tormented by a stuffy nose, she has difficulty breathing

Aqualor baby

Approximate cost in pharmacies: drops – 118 rubles, spray - 324 rubles

The bottles contain sterile isotonic sea water. The drug prevents the development of nasopharyngeal infection and its spread to the inner ear. Aqualor baby helps improve baby's breathing during feeding. The drug is recommended to be used for daily hygiene purposes.

Medical readings for using the drug Aqualor Baby:

• Comprehensive treatment and prevention of influenza and ARVI;
• Complex treatment and prevention of ENT diseases;
• Acute, allergic and chronic rhinitis;
• Daily nasal hygiene.

This drug can be used from the first days of life. For hygiene and prevention, children and adults need to do 2-4 washes daily. More can be done if necessary.

There are no contraindications for use. A side effect is individual intolerance to the constituent components of the drug.

Parents' reviews:

Olga:

I started using Aqualor when the child was six months old. Now we are a year and a half old, I don’t know a better remedy for a runny nose. Aqualor baby is just drops, not drops, it is sea water for rinsing the nose.

Julia:

Aqualor is the best we've tried for cleaning baby's nose. Before this, it was impossible to rinse well, but then they recommended Aqualor Baby, literally several times - and there seemed to be no sniffles!

Nazol baby

Approximate cost in pharmacies: drops – 129 rubles

Nazol baby is a local vasoconstrictor. The main constituent element is phenylephrine hydrochloride. Auxiliary components benzalkonium chloride 50%, polyethylene glycol, disodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (disodium edetate), sodium phosphate disubstituted glycerol, potassium phosphate disubstituted, purified water.

Medical readings for use:

• Flu and other colds;
• Allergic diseases.

This drug must be used intranasally .

Dosage :

Children under one year of age – 1 drop every 6 hours;

Children from 1 to 6 – 1-2 drops every 6 hours;

Adults and children over 6 years old – 3-4 drops every 6 hours.

The drug has side effects: dizziness, headache, sleep disturbance, tremor, high blood pressure, arrhythmia, pallor, sweating.

For children under one year of age, the drug must be used strictly as prescribed by the doctor. Remember, self-medication can harm your child's health!