Pharmaceutical preparations for bodybuilding, at a low price in any pharmacy.  Anabolic agents XX. Physiological stimulants of general anabolism

The vast majority of athletes prefer to train in a natural way, namely, without the use of steroids, and in order to improve the quality and speed of recovery after training, they use only some, relatively harmless, non-doping drugs, including creatine, protein, amino acids, gainers, free sold in specialized sports nutrition stores. For the same purposes, athletes widely use a number of medications that are available in regular pharmacies and are available without a prescription.

But, nevertheless, despite the relative harmlessness and availability of such pharmaceutical drugs, it is necessary to strictly adhere to the instructions attached to them and it is advisable to consult a doctor about their use before taking them. This article reviews the main medications used in bodybuilding, discusses their significance and effect on the athlete's body, contraindications and possible side effects.

The composition also includes magnesium in a form that is easily absorbed by the human body - aspartate. Potassium and magnesium help normalize metabolic processes in muscle cells, maintaining normal osmotic pressure in them. This is realized through the potassium-sodium pump (the predominant location of potassium inside the cell, and sodium outside the cell space). However, the operation of the potassium-sodium pump will be ensured only if a sufficient amount of energy is supplied to the cells, for which magnesium is responsible.

Aspartate facilitates the transport of potassium and magnesium into cells, which has a beneficial effect on the athlete’s body. The drug increases performance, which contributes to the speed of muscle growth. Magnesium, which is involved in protein metabolism and supplies energy in this process, allows the athlete to effectively build muscle during strength training.

Asparkam is also used by athletes for the purpose of rapid weight loss, when this is necessary in case of weight gain due to the fat component or excess fluid. Excess fat is removed by combining increased protein nutrition with active training, and to prevent possible intoxication, they drink a lot of fluid, along with which the body removes potassium and magnesium, so asparkam is necessary here, as it restores the balance of potassium and magnesium. When there is fluid retention in the body and swelling, diuretics are used simultaneously with asparkam, which helps prevent the body from losing essential minerals and associated complications.

The drug helps fight cramps and also significantly increases the endurance of an athlete training in high ambient temperatures. Asparkam is produced in the form of tablets. Dosages and method of use are indicated in the attached instructions; as a rule, this is taking one or two tablets three times a day. The drug should be taken in the morning and during the day, since in the evening, magnesium and potassium are absorbed worse by the body. The duration of the course of taking asparkam by a bodybuilder is individual and determined by a sports doctor. It is recommended to take 1-2 tablets 3 times a day, preferably in the morning and afternoon.

Being a stimulator of biochemical processes, it can have a beneficial effect on the athlete’s cardiovascular system. The drug increases the force of heart contractions, increasing stroke volume and coronary blood supply, and has anabolic and antiarrhythmic effects. Riboxin improves blood supply to muscle tissue, normalizes energy metabolism, activates metabolic processes in the myocardium, as well as a number of enzymes. In addition to its positive effect on the heart, Riboxin improves the regeneration of muscle tissue. But for effective recovery after heavy exercise, riboxin alone is not enough, so it is recommended to take it in combination with potassium orotate.

Riboxin can replace ATP. The drug is effective in combination with potassium orotate. It is taken for 1-3 months according to the regimen of 0.2 g 3-4 times a day.

The drug is a stimulator of endogenous biochemical processes and is classified as a metabolic drug. It is produced mainly in tablet form and is sold in pharmacies without a prescription. The average dosage for an athlete is 1.5-2 g per day. Essentially, potassium orotate is a common mineral salt found in the tissues of any living organism. The drug helps strengthen the cardiovascular system and has an anabolic effect, allowing the athlete to recover faster after training. The drug increases diuresis and improves appetite. The drug is not particularly effective for noticeable progress of a bodybuilder, but, nevertheless, in general it is beneficial for the body, is well tolerated by the athlete and has no side effects.

The drug is taken according to the following scheme: an hour before meals, 1 tablet 3-4 times a day. The duration of the treatment course is 21-24 days.

Mildronate

Mildronate is classified as a cardioprotector. The drug is designed to increase the athlete's performance, compensating for the manifestations of mental and physical fatigue syndrome. Mildronate normalizes metabolic processes and regulates cellular immunity. As a rule, mildronate is prescribed at a rate of 15-20 mg per kilogram of weight. The drug is taken as prescribed by a doctor, so it is recommended to consult before you start taking it.

The daily dosage of the drug is determined at the rate of 15-20 mg/kg of body weight, which is on average 1-2 g, taken in 4 divided doses. Course duration is 14 days, repeated after 2-3 weeks.

Agapurin is available in tablet form and is relatively inexpensive. Drugs based on a similar active ingredient are trental and pentoxifylline. Agapurin is taken separately from other drugs. It increases vascular tone, reduces blood viscosity and increases blood flow speed, which is important for an athlete who feels the maximum pumping of working muscles. The drug is used mainly by experienced bodybuilders - agapurine should be taken carefully, following the instructions, in order to avoid side effects of the drug.

In bodybuilding, Agapurin is taken according to the following scheme:

• on training days 3 times 2 tablets;
• on rest days, 3 times 1 tablet.

The duration of the course of Agapurin is 20 days. After a 4-week break, the course is repeated. Take the tablets with plenty of water. To avoid side effects, it is forbidden to take the drug without consulting your doctor.

The plant grows in the western and eastern parts of Siberia, in the Altai mountains and in Central Asia. It contains phytoexidones - substances identical to steroid compounds that have a pronounced anabolic effect. activates protein synthesis and its accumulation in the tissue of muscles, heart, liver and kidneys. The drug helps increase physical endurance and intellectual performance. Long-term use of Leuzea strengthens the vascular bed and thereby improves overall blood circulation. The drug reduces the heart rate. Leuzea is part of a dietary supplement called Leuzea-P. One tablet of the supplement contains about 0.85 mg of the active substance - ecdisthene; the cost of supplements in sports stores varies between 700-1800 rubles.

The drug is capable of causing hypoglycemia (a drop in blood sugar levels) and is more effective than individual RA adaptogens. Since hypoglycemia causes a release of somatotropic hormone, taking Manchurian aralia helps achieve a high anabolic effect - the athlete’s appetite improves and body weight increases. The drug is classified as an anabolic stimulant. Aralia tincture is sold in every pharmacy. Take it in a dose of 20-30 drops in the morning on an empty stomach and an hour before training.

As for vitamins taken individually:

Thiamine (B1) participates in the activities of the main body systems: cardiovascular, nervous and digestive. Affects growth and energy balance. A lack of vitamin B1 causes irritability, lack of appetite, increased fatigue and associated health disorders.

Cyanocobalamin (B12) increases protein synthesis and its accumulation in tissues, is an effective anabolic agent.

Pyridoxine (B6) plays an important role in metabolism and normal functioning of the nervous system.

Ascorbic acid (C)– an antioxidant and reducing agent involved in metabolic processes.

B vitamins are available in injection form; as a rule, an ampoule contains 1 ml of a substance of 5% concentration. It is unacceptable to administer all vitamins simultaneously on one day - each vitamin is administered sequentially on a separate day, adhering to cyclicity. Injections are given intramuscularly; the administration of B1 and B6 may be somewhat painful.

Diabeton MV is a pharmaceutical drug sold freely. One of the strongest anabolic steroids. As a medicine it is used as a pancreas stimulant in the complex treatment of diabetes mellitus. Bodybuilders use this drug to maintain a high level of anabolism during the off-season. In terms of effectiveness, it is close to insulin injections, and in terms of general action, it is similar to methandrostenolone. The drug allows the athlete to quickly gain weight.

Available in the form of 30 mg tablets. They start with a dose of 30 mg per day, which, if necessary, in the next course (the course lasts one and a half to two months) can be increased to 60 mg. Diabeton MV should not be taken with other medications. Take it with breakfast once a day. The anabolic effect of diabeton is to stimulate the production of one of the anabolic hormones - insulin. For the drug to be effective, it is recommended to eat at least six meals a day with a small amount of fat and a high amount of protein. While taking Diabeton, low-calorie diets are prohibited to avoid the development of side effects of the drug, in particular hypoglycemia.

Tamoxifen is classified as an antiestrogen. The drug is used by bodybuilders to increase testosterone levels in the body, which blocks estrogen. Tamoxifen is used in combination with other drugs for the most effective effects in long courses, for at least 6-8 weeks. Tamoxifen becomes especially popular among bodybuilders during cutting, as it accelerates and enhances fat burning processes. In cases where an athlete has a tendency to water retention due to the use of anabolic steroids, taking tamoxifen becomes mandatory. The drug is also valuable in bodybuilding because it allows the bodybuilder to effectively increase muscle density. Like any highly effective drug, tamoxifen has many side effects and contraindications, so it should be taken strictly as prescribed by a sports doctor.

It is an analogue and belongs to the category of effective fat burners. Available in pharmacies without a prescription. The drug provides an increase in body temperature by one degree, which allows you to mobilize fat from the depot and convert it into energy. Possible side effects when taking it include nervousness and hand tremors. On average, take 3-5 tablets per day in three doses (based on a tablet per 25 kg of athlete’s weight). The course lasting 6 weeks is repeated after 1.5 months.

Indications for taking glycerophosphate as a medicine are fatigue, dystrophy, and rickets. For a bodybuilder, the drug is valuable because it accelerates the absorption of protein and improves metabolism. Calcium glycerophosphate also helps increase appetite. While taking the drug, it is necessary to limit fats in the diet, replacing them with proteins. It is recommended to take the drug in courses. There are no analogues of calcium glycerophosphate. The approximate daily dose of the drug is calculated based on the ratio of 100 mg for every 8 kilograms of weight. The daily dosage of calcium glycerophosphate is 1000 mg for a weight of 80 kg. It is divided into 5 doses, one tablet (200 mg). Time to take the drug: morning 2 hours before training. The course for weight lasts 1.5-2 months.

In terms of action, trimetazidine is close to the well-known mildronate, but is much cheaper than the latter. The drug promotes greater oxygen delivery to cells, preserves intracellular potential, counteracts the formation of free radicals, and increases the athlete’s endurance. Taking the drug allows you to significantly increase the load and intensity of training. Trimetazidine can be replaced with a similar agent containing , which, however, will not be an equivalent replacement in terms of effectiveness. It is possible to combine the drug with other drugs.

Vinpocetine is a drug that corrects cerebral circulatory disorders. The active ingredient of the drug is apovincaminate. Vinpocetine has a direct effect on metabolic processes in brain tissue. It has a vasodilating effect and improves blood supply to brain tissue. Vinpocetine increases tissue resistance to hypoxia, activates glucose utilization and the exchange of serotonin and norepinephrine in brain tissue. The drug prevents platelet aggregation, thereby reducing blood viscosity. Vinpocetine has a positive effect not only on the brain, but also on muscle tissue, promoting a better supply of oxygen and nutrients. The drug is usually taken in a dose of 5 to 30 mg 30 minutes to an hour before training. Vinpocetine does not have the side effects of classic “energy drinks” such as insomnia or hand tremors.

The mechanism of action of metformin is based on its ability to suppress gluconeogenesis in the liver, prevent the absorption of glucose in the intestine and its better utilization in muscle tissue. Accelerates the process of transition of glucose into glycogen. Reduces appetite, due to which weight decreases or stabilizes. Does not have a hypoglycemic effect. Before use, the athlete should consult a doctor, as the drug has many contraindications and may have side effects.

Rhodiola rosea is also called Golden Root. Its habitats are Eastern Siberia, the Far East, Altai, and Sayan Mountains. The pharmacological properties of golden root are due to the active substances present in it - rhodioliside and rhodosin. In pharmacies you can find them in their pure form. The main feature of Rhodiola rosea is the effect it has on muscle tissue, which manifests itself in improving energy metabolism in them. Taking the drug helps increase endurance and muscle strength. At the same time, the activity of contractile proteins – myosin and actin – increases at the cellular level, and mitochondria increase in size. Rhodiola rosea tincture is taken 2-3 times before meals in the amount of 20-25 drops.

Pharmacy steroids are not steroids in the absolute sense of the word. These are pharmacological agents (medicines, dietary supplements, vitamins) that are sold in any city pharmacy. They are preferred by natural athletes and beginners, when training and nutrition do not help achieve the desired result, you can buy them on the website.

Steroids are available in pharmacies with or without a prescription.

Effect of steroids from a pharmacy:

• Increases the athlete's endurance and immunity
• Improve metabolism at the cellular level
• Support the heart
• Restore the liver
• Activate blood supply to muscle tissue and amino acid synthesis
• Increase appetite
• Accelerate anabolic processes

Before using medications and dietary supplements, be sure to read the instructions. Consider side effects and contraindications.

Non-steroidal anabolics

Drugs with a pronounced or insignificant anabolic effect. Increases muscle strength, endurance and performance. Increase body weight, but block fat formation.

The active substance, gliclazide, stimulates beta cells of the pancreas. More insulin is released into the blood. Moreover, this happens gradually, over 10-12 hours.

In sports, it is used in mass-gaining programs, during periods between courses.

Effect:

• Minimum rollback
• Carbohydrates are quickly absorbed, so there is no fat deposits

• Diabeton MV is started at a dosage of 0.5 tablets once a day. Gradually increase to 30 mg per day
• Reception - in the morning. Within 10 hours after – carbohydrate food (to prevent hypoglycemia)
• Course – 1 month. Then a break - 2-3 months
• Be sure to follow a high-calorie diet
• Diabeton MV is contraindicated in hypoglycemia, underweight

2. Potassium orotate

Metabolic drug. Regulates and stimulates endogenous biochemical processes.

Effect:

• Improvement of protein metabolism
• Fast recovery during increased physical activity
• Improved skin condition
• Muscle gain

• It is optimal to take potassium orotate together with anabolic steroids, vitamins and minerals
• Dosage – 1 t 3-4 times a day. Course – 20-40 days
• Do not exceed the dosage or increase the course: fatty liver degeneration occurs

A synthetic derivative of pyrimidine, a substance that accelerates cell division.

Effect:

• Improving the regenerative and recovery capabilities of the body

• In bodybuilding, the drug is often combined with ATP, adaptogens, Methionine, Inosine
• Dosage: 2 t. 3-4 times a day
• Course – 1 month
• Methyluracil is contraindicated in case of malignant tumors and individual intolerance

Protein preparation. Source of amino acids.

Effect:

Used by athletes for cutting and gaining lean mass.

• Intravenously 400 ml every 3 days
• Course – 14-21 days
• Alvezin is contraindicated for liver and kidney diseases, high potassium levels in the blood

Tonic. Enhances protein biosynthesis.

Effect:

• Increases physical activity
• Increases speed and strength qualities before competitions
• Recommended for intense training, cardiovascular problems

• How to take: 1-2 t. 3 times a day for 2-3 weeks
• Ecdisten is contraindicated for nervous excitability, insomnia, hypertension

Vitamin-like substance. Delivers long-chain fatty acids to mitochondria through the internal membranes. There, fats are broken down, releasing energy.

Effect:

• L-carnitine is taken by athletes as a fat burner
• Lowers cholesterol levels
• Protects the heart and blood vessels
• Increases endurance during aerobic and anaerobic exercise

• When taken with other fat burners, it increases their activity and reduces side effects
• With L-carnitine, a bodybuilder gains clean mass, without fat
• Take 1000 mg 2 times a day. In the morning on an empty stomach and half an hour before training

Antiestrogen.

Effect:

• Restores testosterone levels
• Prevents fluid retention in the body
• Blocks estrogen production
• Lowers cholesterol, which is important during steroid cycles

• Nolvadex is toxic! Taking may lead to vomiting, nausea, and dizziness. Tamoxifen should not be combined with progesterone drugs (Nandrolone, Trenbolone)
• A week after the start of almost any course, the concentration of anabolic hormones increases. During this period, it is recommended to add Tamoxifen 10-20 mg per day

Drugs with metabolic effect

The active substance is pentoxifylline, an angioprotector.

Effect:

• Improves microcirculation
• The blood is more quickly saturated with oxygen and nutrients and delivers them to the muscle fibers more quickly

• Dosage: 2 t. 3 times a day
• Course – 4-6 weeks

An enzyme preparation obtained by extraction from the heart tissue of cattle.

Effect:

• In bodybuilding it is used to activate tissue respiration and oxidative processes in muscles

• 20 mg 4 times a day or 60-100 mg simultaneously, 2 hours before training
• Course – 5-10 days

Replaceable amino acid.

Effect:

• Stimulates protein and carbohydrate metabolism, oxidative processes
• Improves skeletal muscle activity
• Prevents a decrease in redox potential

• Usage rate – 4 t. 2-3 times a day

Hepatoprotectors

Steroid courses hit the liver hard. Therefore, the body needs support. A number of pharmaceutical drugs do an excellent job of this task. The following have proven themselves in sports.

A product from the group of proteins, amino acids, hepatoprotectors.

Effect:

• Normalizes the synthesis of phospholipids and choline
• Has a lipotropic effect
• Replenishes protein and energy reserves
• Eliminates the toxic effect on the liver, restores damaged cells

• 1 t. 3-4 times a day
• Course – 30 days

The active substance – silymarin – strengthens cell membranes.

Effect:

• Supports liver health, restores damaged organ structures
• Increases appetite
• Positively affects the functioning of the digestive system

• Dosage: 1-4 t. 3 times a day for 3 months

Combined herbal preparation with antitoxic effect.

Effect:

• Pain syndrome in the liver
• Indigestion
• Hepatitis
• Extreme physical activity
• Prevention of liver diseases

• Dosage: 2-3 t. 3 times a day - for treatment; 2 t. 2 times a day - for prevention

Bonus. Heart support

Active training in the gym is a huge burden on the heart. In addition, the motor does not always keep up with the rapid growth of muscle mass. Without organ support, failures occur.

The following drugs support the heart muscle::

• Asparkam(source of potassium and magnesium)
• Riboxin(improves coronary blood supply, metabolic processes in the myocardium)
• Mildronate(cardioprotector, relieves mental and physical stress)
• Bisoprolol(beta blocker, normalizes pulse and eliminates pain)
• Trimetazidine(improves heart nutrition at the cellular level)
• Herbal preparations with cardioprotective effects – Rhodiola rosea, Hawthorn, Leuzea

To protect the heart and maintain the health of the whole body, increase tone, endurance and performance, vitamins and minerals are important. There are combined courses and solo preparations. The choice is made depending on the task at hand.

Hello everyone, ABC of Bodybuilding is here! I have already said more than once that I am against novice athletes, bodybuilders (especially those who are not competing) used some kind of chemistry belonging to the class of anabolic agents to increase their strength and muscle mass. I’ll even say more: I think that anyone who values ​​not immediate, but “long-term” results can easily do without them. I am talking about what is commonly called “natural anabolic steroids”. Today we will look only at the main points, namely: what it is and what classes exist. In addition, we will learn about the most powerful natural anabolic steroids that provide high-quality muscle growth, i.e. Let's talk about food.

So, everything is assembled, and we begin...

What are anabolic agents: an introduction to theory

It is very important at the initial stage of bodybuilding to protect beginners from any rash decisions towards the use of various chemical “growth accelerators”. Often, it is the beginners who are very tempted to somehow spur their muscles to grow faster, and here they (to some extent) can be understood, because they come to the gym, and everyone around them is already such “seasoned” jocks, and you You somehow get lost in their background.

And then all sorts of thoughts involuntarily begin to creep into your head, such as: “something is wrong here,” “some kind of setup,” “maybe I don’t know something?” And, often, it turns out that they don’t know everything – what it is, how it’s needed, that there is some kind of technique for performing exercises, and so on. So, the easiest way out of the situation is to use “pharma”. However, I assure you, dear reader, you can do without them. To do this, you just need to know which side to approach this issue. So, let's go figure out our chemistry :).

In general, according to science, anabolic drugs are drugs/substances that stimulate protein synthesis in the body (some drugs from sports pharmacology can be seen at the link). In other words, these are substances that contribute to the accelerated formation and renewal of structural parts of cells, tissues, and muscles. They also promote the fixation of calcium in the bones, which manifests itself in an increase in skeletal muscle mass. If we consider this definition a little more broadly, then anabolic steroids are everything that helps the body grow. Therefore, cottage cheese and eggs can also be classified as the latter, because they help shift the nitrogen balance in a positive direction, which means they promote growth.

Note:

Nitrogen balance is the difference between the amount of nitrogen entering the body with food and excreted from it (usually in the form of salts and urea).

When it comes to bodybuilding, everyone understands that anabolics are drugs prohibited (by law) that lead to an increase in strength and muscle performance through their effect on the body and accelerating the processes of synthesis of complex molecules from simpler ones. (with energy storage).

Types of anabolic steroids

Anabolic steroids are divided into:

• steroid (androgenic) – the most powerful class of doping;
• non-steroidal.

In general, we can highlight the following 5 main groups of dopings:

1. anabolic steroid;
2. a growth hormone;
3. insulin;
4. anti-side effects;
5. “drying” preparations - for drawing muscles.

Note:

Methane is the most famous anabolic steroid

Very often, sports chemists use an explosive mixture of several drugs for maximum effect. In this case, the synergy effect is triggered, and the indicators increase much better. The positive functional effect of anabolic steroids on the body is manifested in: 1) a sharp increase in appetite (one might say that he becomes “wolfish”) 2) accelerating recovery processes 3) increasing endurance and performance (become like a walking energizer) 4) increase in body weight 5) decrease in body fat 6) increase in blood supply to blood vessels. It is worth saying that side effects can easily (once and for all) cancel out the short-term effect of using this kind of doping.

In general, the topic of anabolic steroids (from the point of view of process chemistry)– the subject of conversation for a number of articles. Yes, even though they are dangerous for the body, it is necessary to know what and how it happens there and what conclusions should be drawn, and therefore it is worth elucidating this issue, and in great detail. For now, we will focus on natural methods, and here we should remember the basic rule - for the predominance of processes (anabolism) over their destruction (catabolism), it is enough to use anabolic agents of natural origin, as well as some techniques that increase the body’s hormonal levels.

So let's take a closer look...

Natural anabolic steroids: TOP 10 products

We all have our own “grocery basket” that we use every day. For the most part, most athletes and bodybuilders try to adhere to the principle laid down in. However, in addition to “basic” products in the diet of athletes, you can find products that have high biological value and a good anabolic effect.

These products include…

Natural anabolics in drinks

In addition to promoting weight loss, it also restores bone structure (joints), cleanses the liver, promotes the active absorption of fats and prevents the risk of cardiovascular diseases. And all this thanks to the active substance (boiflavonoid) – EGCG. It is worth understanding that no matter how useful the product is, there is a most preferred dosage for the body.

Dosage: One medium cup (250 ml) will provide your body 200 mg EGCG. Can be consumed up to 3 such cups ( 500-750 ml).

Coffee

Yes, yes, despite the fact that coffee is a very controversial product in terms of health benefits, it can be classified as a “natural anabolic steroid.” Many say that it has a negative effect on the heart. However, for bodybuilders it is a very valuable drink, because... in addition to increasing performance, it has a thermogenic effect (“melts” them) for fats. Drinking coffee for 1 an hour before training, you reduce the “sensitivity threshold” of your muscles, i.e. you can train more intensely.

Dosage: Should be consumed 1-2 medium cups of brewed coffee. On average you will get 100-200 mg of caffeine per day. Here the main emphasis is on what is cooked by ourselves. If the coffee is instant (in bags no more than 80-90 mg caffeine), then it’s better not to drink this drink.

Yogurt

Real yogurt is a product made by adding certain types of bacteria to milk. They convert lactose into lactic acid and make yogurt sour and thick. Also, these live cultures allow you to maintain an anabolic state in the gastrointestinal tract for a long time, by restoring your microflora. Yogurt promotes better and faster protein absorption. In addition, it itself is a source of milk protein and calcium, which also has a positive effect on muscle growth. Therefore, we safely classify it as a “natural anabolic steroid.”

Dosage: This fermented milk product can be consumed at any time of the day, except for the period before and immediately after training. IN 100 gr. product often contains 100-130 kcal, proteins – 5-7 gr, carbohydrates – 15 gr, fat – 4 g, calcium – up to 500 mg, glutamine – more 1 gr. Of course, look at the release date and shelf life, because with every minute there are fewer and fewer biologically active bacteria, which means that the anabolic properties of the product “melt before our eyes.”

Natural anabolics in vegetables

Broccoli

Reduces the degree of participation of estrogen in the process of fat accumulation and enhances the anabolic effect of testosterone.

Dosage: Can be eaten 1-2 cups of fresh or cooked broccoli, and then you are guaranteed to get more 90 mg vitamin C or more 45 mg calcium.

Spinach

Remember, there used to be a cartoon about Popeye the Sailor, who constantly “cracked” spinach and was strong? So, all this is not without reason, because it contains a lot of glutamine - an amino acid that promotes muscle growth and improves immunity. Spinach also makes your muscles stronger thanks to octacosanol. Because Spinach is basically 90% water, it must be consumed in sufficient quantities and fresh.

Dosage: Eat at one time (2-3 once a week) before 300 gr. spinach leaves, thereby you will provide yourself 22 kcal, 1g. glutamine, 3 gr. squirrel, 5 gr. fiber, 280 mg calcium, 70 mg of vitamin C. Before training, it is better not to include spinach in your diet.

Parsley

Reduces estrogen levels, speeds up the digestion process and prevents the body from accumulating fat. Antioxidant – apigenin (part of parsley) Protects DNA cells from oxidation, thus keeping muscle cells and skin cells healthy.

Dosage: Use both in salad and separately - in pure form, in quantity 2-3 beam, 1-2 once a week, thereby you will provide for yourself 10 mg apegenin.

Dosage: It is worth saying that it is better to consume not tomatoes, but their derivatives: sauces, pastes, juices, etc., because lycopene is more active in them. One glass of tomato juice contains up to 25 mg of lycopene, while the average tomato contains only 3 mg. In general, you should eat up to 5 tomatoes.

Salad onion

It acquired its pungent odor due to the sulfur-containing components in its composition. Onions contain such a useful component as APDS - it increases insulin secretion. It is best to consume it (oddly enough) with a protein-carbohydrate drink after a workout, so it will help the body better absorb all the necessary substances.

Dosage: A small bulb of lettuce (purple) onion after training. The optimal solution could be an omelette made from 6-7 egg whites, seasoned with onions and tomatoes. Oh, my mouth is already watering :).

Grapefruit

Did you know that citrus fruits (in particular pomelo, grapefruit) help burn the abdominal area, so if you are working on your abdominal muscles, eat more of them. Grapefruit reduces the levels of insulin and glucose in the blood, this is due to the soluble fiber pectin it contains. They prevent the entry of carbohydrates into the blood, which leads to a decrease in insulin levels.

Dosage: Consume 1 whole grapefruit (2 once a day), because it contains everything 30 kcal, 2 g fiber, 20 g carbohydrates and 90 grams of vitamin C. Do not consume within 2 hours after training.

Herring

It is rare for any athletes to have fish such as herring in their diet. I don’t know, maybe it’s all to blame for the Soviet film, in which the main character said: “What a disgusting thing your jellied fish is..” (meaning a herring under a fur coat). It is worth knowing that this fish contains the largest (among currently known products) amount of creatine. It, in turn, is one of the most important nutritional and energy components of muscles. It not only allows you to increase their volume, but also increases the intensity of the workout itself. In addition, it accelerates the delivery of nutrients to the muscles, which ultimately has a positive effect on the process of their growth and recovery.

Dosage: 200-250 gr herring (behind 1-2 hours before training) will provide your body 17 gr. squirrel, 11 grams of fat 3 g leucine (stimulates muscle growth) And 2 gr. creatine

Actually, this was the last product from the top 10 best in the matter of building muscle mass, we can say that these natural anabolic agents will make your muscles “swell” in the truest sense of the word.

Afterword

In conclusion, I would like to say that for some reason many bodybuilders forget about natural products in bodybuilding and give preference to the notorious chemistry, forgetting that there are natural anabolic steroids that nature gave us. And this, in my opinion, is short-sighted. So, my dear friends, include a couple of these products in your diet, and your muscles will definitely thank you!

That’s all for now, I’m glad that you spent this time on the pages of the “” project, come back and see you again!

PS. If you have questions, suggestions, additions, etc., comments are welcome.

Sex hormones determine the sexual development of the body and form primary and secondary sexual characteristics.

In the female body, female sex hormones - estrogens - predominate, and in the male body - male sex hormones - androgens. The female body contains a small amount of androgens, and the male body contains a small amount of estrogens.

In 1895, Saechi first described the relationship between muscle mass and the action of male sex hormones - androgens.

In 1935, Kochacian and Murlin discovered that the male sex hormone, testosterone, stimulates the development of secondary sexual characteristics and the accumulation of protein in the body.

Currently used in medical practice: testosterone propionate, testosterone enanthate, methyltestosterone, etc. All these drugs have high androgenic activity and cannot be used for anabolic purposes. They are used according to strict medical indications in cases of underdevelopment of primary and secondary sexual characteristics. In fairness, it should be noted that before the spread of synthetic anabolic steroids, male sex hormones for anabolic purposes were used very widely. The only limitation to their use was that against the background of chronic administration of androgens from the outside, the production of one’s own androgens gradually faded away.

At present, however, it has been found that the weakening of one's own androgen production can be avoided by prescribing short-acting androgens (4-6 hours) every other day. With this treatment regimen, sex hormones can be used for many years without the development of withdrawal syndrome after cessation of treatment.

III. Anabolic steroid.

In the 50s For the first time, chemical derivatives of male sex hormones - androgens - were synthesized. Initially, the task was to synthesize drugs in which the androgenic effect would be the weakest, and the anabolic effect - the ability to stimulate protein synthesis - the strongest.

Currently, a number of anabolic steroids (AS) have been created, which are derivatives of testosterone (the most active male sex hormone) and substances related to it.

Anabolic steroids are the most active class of compounds of all known anabolic drugs. When used correctly, they provide a significant increase in body weight and muscle strength.

Body weight gain is achieved not only due to muscle tissue, but also due to an increase in the mass of internal organs - liver, heart, kidneys, etc. which, however, is less pronounced than the growth of muscle mass.

The body's ability to absorb protein sharply increases. If an adult normally needs from 70 to 100 g of protein per day, then with the use of AS, the need for protein can increase to 300 g per day. Hence, the need to increase the proportion of protein in the diet during treatment with anabolic steroids is obvious. The proportion of fats and carbohydrates should be reduced accordingly. Against the background of a low-protein diet, anabolic steroids are inactive.

It is very important to note that increasing the dose of anabolic steroids above the generally accepted one gives only a slight increase in the anabolic effect, while side effects increase sharply. Therefore, to achieve a greater effect, it makes sense to give preference to a treatment regimen where anabolic steroids are administered over a longer period of time, but in normal doses. Shorter use of larger doses is less effective.

With a severe overdose of anabolic steroids, a catabolic effect may develop with an increase in the rate of breakdown of muscle proteins and the development of nitrogen deficiency.

This is due to two reasons: firstly, an excess of anabolic steroids can increase the function of the thyroid gland, which causes a negative nitrogen balance due to a sharp increase in protein oxidation processes as a result of energy deficiency; secondly, excess anabolic steroids can be converted in the liver into estrogens, which inhibit anabolic reactions in men.

Due to the above, long-term administration of small doses of AS is more preferable than short-term administration of large ones.

In addition to nitrogen retention in the body, anabolic steroids promote the retention of sodium, magnesium, potassium, sulfur, phosphorus, calcium, etc. ions, which can cause edema if the drug is overdosed. The anabolic activity of a particular drug is determined in relation to the anabolic activity of testosterone, which is taken as one. Androgenic activity is expressed similarly in relation to the androgenic activity of testosterone.

The ratio of anabolic to androgenic activity is called the anabolic index. From here it is clear that the most valuable drug is the one that has the highest anabolic index (AI), as an indicator of the greatest predominance of anabolic activity over androgenic activity.

AI = (Anabolic activity) / (Androgenic activity)

Since AS containing a methyl radical -CH 3 at position 17 have increased hepatotoxicity, they must be prescribed with caution. Tablet drugs must be administered not orally, but under the tongue, where they are absorbed into the blood, bypassing the liver portal system. For the same purpose, drugs can be prescribed rectally, in the form of microenemas.

The effectiveness of AC increases with the simultaneous use of multivitamin preparations.

The range of indications for prescribing AS is quite wide: severe surgical injuries and fractures, postoperative conditions, severe diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, accompanied by a decrease in its digestive and protein-synthetic function; acute and chronic heart diseases, heart attacks, diabetes mellitus, adrenal diseases, dwarfism, tuberculosis, anemia, decreased immunity, exhaustion of the nervous system, aging, extensive burns, kidney disease, breast cancer, severe myopia and some other diseases.

Contraindications for prescribing AS are the presence of malignant tumors (increased tumor growth), inflammatory diseases of the gonads, prostate adenoma in men, virilization phenomena in women.

The use of speakers in sports deserves a separate discussion. AS are classified as doping agents and their use during the competitive period is strictly prohibited. Some authors, however, allow the use of AS in the inter-competition period, during the rehabilitation period after injuries. Treatment of AS should be carried out under strict medical supervision and against the background. AS is generally contraindicated for women, with the exception of cases of treatment of breast cancer and severe postoperative conditions (for health reasons). The use of AC in women causes deepening of the voice, growth of facial hair, etc.

The duration of treatment is determined strictly individually and depends on the severity of the disease and the patient’s condition. The minimum treatment period is 1 month. Maximum - 6 months. In the treatment of dwarfism (pituitary dwarfism), anabolic steroids can be prescribed for up to 2 years continuously.

Claims by sports journalists (but not pharmacologists) that anabolic steroids have a negative effect on male sexual function should be considered groundless. On the contrary, AS causes an increase in sexual desire with a simultaneous improvement in the morphological state of the gonads (provided that the dosage is not exceeded to the extent that excess AS is converted into estrogens in the liver). Retabolil, for example, at a dose of 50 mg per week is included in many treatment regimens for impotence in men.

Drugs used in Russia:

Synonyms: Nandrolone Decanoate, Deca-Durabolin, Turinabol_Depot, Northestosterone Decanoate, etc.

Release form: ampoules of 1 ml of 5% solution (50 mg) in peach oil.

1 ml is administered intramuscularly from 1 time every 3 days to 1 time per month.

After a single injection, the effect lasts up to 3 months. The anabolic effect of retabolil is 10 times stronger than that of testosterone. Of all the anabolic steroid compounds, retabolil is the least toxic.

17b-Oxy-19-Nor-4-Androvten-3-On-17b-Phenyl-Propionate

Synonyms: Nerobolil, Turinobol, Durabolin, Nandrolone-phenylpropionate, etc.

Release form: 1 ml ampoules of 1% and 2.5% solution (10 and 25 mg) in peach (nerobolil) or olive (phenobolin) oil.

It is administered intramuscularly at a dose of 25-50 mg once every 3 days or once every two weeks.

After a single injection, the effect lasts up to 14 days.

Estren-4-ol-17b-ona-3 trimethylsilyl ether.

Release form: 1 ml ampoules of 2.5% or 5% solution in olive oil (25 or 50 mg).

It is administered intramuscularly at a dose of 25-59 mg with a frequency of 1 time every 3 days to 1 time every 2 weeks.

After a single injection, the effect lasts up to 14 days.

17a-Methylandrostadiene-1,4-ol-17b-one-3.

Synonyms: Nerobol, Dianobol, Methandinone, etc.

Release form: 5 mg tablets.

Take 1 to 10 tablets per day under the tongue.

Has hepatotoxic properties.

17a-Methylandrostene-5-diol-3b, 17b.

Synonyms: Methandriol, Methasterone, etc.

Release form: tablets of 10 and 25 mg.

Taken under the tongue up to 10 mg per day. They have a stronger androgenic effect compared to other anabolic steroids available in Russia, as well as a fairly strong hepatotoxic effect.

IV. Pituitary hormones

Pituitary hormones are hormones secreted by the pituitary gland, a special outgrowth at the base of the brain that resembles a cherry. Somatotropic and gonadotropic hormones are used for anabolic purposes.

1. Somatotropic hormone

Somatotropic hormone (SG) is a growth hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland, first isolated in 1944. It is a polypeptide consisting of 191 amino acids. The main effect of SG is the stimulation of protein synthesis in the body, due to which its growth effect is achieved. Unlike sex hormones, SG enhances skeletal growth, but does not accelerate the rate of ossification of growth plates. Its administration to animals is accompanied by increased growth, resulting in the appearance of large individuals. A person’s height depends on the activity of his SG, which is determined by hereditary factors.

Until recently, SG was used only for the treatment of pituitary dwarfism, a disease characterized by short stature of patients due to a deficiency of its own SG. Currently, unsuccessful attempts are being made to use exogenous SG for anabolic purposes and for the treatment of constitutional short stature. SG is used as an anabolic agent for severe fractures, extensive burns and other diseases for which anabolic steroids are indicated.

Difficulties in using SG are associated primarily with its high cost and scarcity, because they get it from the pituitary glands of deceased people (SH in animals is not effective in humans). Recently, a number of countries have begun production of biosynthetic SG - "methionyl somatotropin", as a result of which the drug has become cheaper and more accessible.

The main side effect of the drug is the diabetogenic effect. The drug may cause the development of diabetes mellitus in persons with a hereditary predisposition to it. Therefore, treatment with somatotropin is carried out under strict control of blood sugar. If fasting glucose levels increase, treatment is stopped immediately. The diabetogenic effect of SG is of a complex nature and depends mainly on the following points: 1) Switching insulin from carbohydrate to protein metabolism. 2) Increased breakdown of insulin in the liver under the action of the enzyme insulinase. 3) A decrease in the absorption of glucose by tissues with a one-day increase in their absorption of amino acids. Strengthening protein synthesis is achieved by enhancing the synthesis of DNA, RNA and increasing the rate of inclusion of amino acids in matrix synthesis.

With the use of SG, a significant increase in muscle mass and bone thickening is observed. Increased protein synthesis also occurs in the heart, liver, and kidneys, which has a positive effect on their work. In addition to the protein-anabolic effect, somatotropin increases the consumption of sodium, magnesium, potassium, sulfur, phosphorus, etc. ions. The introduction of SG is accompanied by an increase in fat oxidation in the body with a general decrease in the content of adipose tissue and cholesterol.

In Russia, human somatotropin obtained from cadaveric pituitary glands is produced - “Human Somatotropin for injection” in the form of a sterile powder, which is dissolved in water for injection before use. One bottle contains 2 or 4 units of the drug. Administer 2-4 units intramuscularly 2 times a week. Courses of treatment last from one month for severe burns and long-term debilitating diseases to 2 years for pituitary dwarfism. It should be noted that 6 months after the start of administration, the effectiveness of the drug decreases due to the formation of antibodies in the body that bind the drug. Since 1984, a biosynthetic somatotropin called “Somatogen” has been produced in experimental batches in Russia.

The use of somatotropin is contraindicated in case of malignant tumors, diabetes mellitus and hereditary predisposition to it. In addition to the introduction of somatotropin from the outside, in medical practice, drugs of a variety of structures are used that help enhance the body’s synthesis of its own SG. Long-term courses of treatment for HS are indicated mainly for dwarfism and constitutional short stature, when ossification of the skeletal growth zones has not yet occurred. With an already formed skeleton, long-term use of SG can lead to a disproportionate increase in individual parts of the body - hands, feet, nose, tongue, brow ridges, ears, lower jaw - in which growth zones do not close throughout life. Therefore, it is advisable to prescribe SG for anabolic purposes in short courses of one month with breaks of at least 2 months.

2. Gonadotropic hormone

Gonadotropic hormone (GG) or gonadotropin is secreted by cells of the anterior pituitary gland. (Strictly speaking, there are two hormones - follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) - which are glycoproteins and are collectively called "Gonadotropic hormone" in commercial drugs.) The development and functioning of the gonads depends on the GG. Under the influence of GG, the reproduction and maturation of germ cells occurs, and in women also the mammary glands. When GG is introduced into the body from the outside, the morphological and functional state of the gonads improves and sexual activity increases. In medicine, GG is used to treat cryptorchidism (impaired development of the testicles in men), anovulation (impaired formation of the corpus luteum and cessation of menstruation) in women. The use of GG for male impotence gives a good result.

The anabolic effect of GG is associated with its effect on the gonads, which synthesize androgens. Many authors recommend GG to increase muscle mass and improve performance in sports in men, since GG is not a doping agent. GG has a beneficial effect in liver diseases (cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis), coronary heart disease and some other diseases.

GG is produced in the form of the drug "Chorionic Gonadotropin", which is obtained from the urine of pregnant women. One ampoule of the drug contains 500, 1000, 2000, 3000 units. The drug is administered intramuscularly to adults in doses of 1500 to 3000 units once every three days. The duration of treatment courses is from 1 to 2 months. Between courses there are breaks of at least one month to prevent the formation of antibodies to the drug and the body’s addiction. In total, up to six courses of treatment are carried out.

GG is contraindicated in inflammatory diseases of the genital area and malignant tumors. Its side effects are associated with a sharp increase in the activity of the gonads, which can be expressed in a sharp increase in sexual desire, increased growth of beard and mustache, body hair, and the appearance of acne. (To prevent acne, lipotropic agents are prescribed: cobamamide, lipocaine, choline chloride, Vit B6 in combination with calcium pantothenate, etc.). It should be taken into account that with non-ossified growth zones in young people, GG accelerates their closure, which leads to a premature cessation of body length growth. Therefore, children are prescribed GG strictly for medical reasons in short courses in age-appropriate doses.

V. Hypothalmic hormones.

Hypothalamic hormones are secreted by the hypothalamus, a region of the midbrain on which the activity of the pituitary gland and the release of pituitary hormones largely depend.

Each pituitary hormone is under the control of a specific releasing factor of the hypothalamus, which enhances the synthesis and release of this hormone.

For example: the synthesis of somatotropic hormone is enhanced by somatotropin-releasing factor; the synthesis of gonadotropin is enhanced by gonadotropin-releasing factor, etc. Inhibition of the synthesis of any pituitary hormone depends on the hypothalamic factor called statin. For example: somatostatin inhibits the synthesis of somatotropic hormone, gonadostatin inhibits the synthesis of gonadotropic hormone, etc. The use of somatotropin-releasing factor, which enhances the synthesis of somatotropin, has not yet entered into medical practice. SG-releasing factor is currently used only for diagnostic purposes.

At the same time, gonadotropin-releasing factor, obtained synthetically in 1971, has already found use in the treatment of impotence and underdevelopment of primary and secondary male sexual characteristics, as well as for anabolic purposes and in the treatment of liver diseases.

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the form of a dosage form is called decapeptide (Pyro-Glu-Gis-Tri-Ser-Tyr-Gly-Leu-Arg-Pro-Gly-NH 2). Produced in a number of developed countries in the form of powder in ampoules. It is introduced into the body by instillation into the nasal mucosa. Practically does not cause allergies.

The widespread use of hypothalamic hormones is a matter of the near future and opens up very attractive prospects. The side effects of hypothalamic hormones are similar to those with a sharp increase in the activity of the corresponding peripheral glands, but it should be recognized that their effect is, of course, milder and more physiological than the effect of pituitary and peripheral hormones introduced into the body from the outside.

VI. Insulin.

Insulin is a hormone with a peptide structure. Secreted by b-cells of the islet apparatus of the pancreas. Has a strong anabolic effect. Strengthens the synthesis of proteins, fats and carbohydrates. Promotes the penetration of amino acids, fatty acids and glucose into the cell.

Inhibits the breakdown of protein and carbohydrate molecules. Increases glycogen reserves in muscles and liver. Lowers blood sugar by increasing the absorption of glucose by tissues. Improves energy metabolism, reduces excessive oxidation of energy substrates and increases their recovery.

If you introduce a sufficiently large dose of insulin into the body from the outside, a strong decrease in blood sugar occurs and a protective reaction occurs - increased release of somatotropic hormone, which helps to raise blood sugar levels. In some cases, the level of somatotropic hormone can increase 5-7 times. This also leads to a sharp increase in anabolism.

Insulin in small doses is used as an anabolic agent for general exhaustion and severe weight loss, for long-term debilitating diseases, the initial stages of liver cirrhosis, diseases of the stomach and intestines, tuberculosis, etc.

Since insulin is not a doping drug, it can be recommended in sports practice as a drug for increasing both muscle mass and total body weight. Unlike anabolic steroids, which provide an increase in “pure” muscle mass, insulin also promotes the synthesis of adipose tissue, which must be taken into account when carrying out insulin therapy.

A fairly large number of insulin preparations are produced in Russia. Short-acting drugs (no more than 6 hours): insulin for injection, suinsulin, whale insulin, etc.; as well as long-acting insulin preparations, the effect of which lasts more than 6 hours.

For anabolic purposes, only short-acting drugs are used. The activity of the drug is expressed in units. One bottle contains 40 or 80 units. The drug is administered once a day according to a specific schedule.

On the 1st day - 4 units, on the 2nd day -8 units, etc. every day add 4 units. You can increase the dose every other day. The maximum dose is 20-40 units. Duration of treatment is up to 2 months. Insulin treatment courses can be carried out 2 times a year.

Treatment with insulin has its own characteristics. After administration of the drug, 1-5 minutes. hypoglycemia begins - a decrease in blood sugar levels. Weakness appears, sometimes palpitations, trembling in the legs. 15-20 minutes after administering insulin, to relieve hypoglycemia, you need to drink sweet tea and eat some starchy food, otherwise loss of consciousness may occur as a result of hypoglycemia, which then turns into a severe coma and requires urgent medical attention - intravenous glucose.

Since the effect of conventional non-extended-release insulin preparations lasts at least 6 hours, during this time it is necessary to have something sweet ready and, when the first signs of hypoglycemia appear, to eat. The intake of carbohydrate foods should not reach such quantities that completely stop hypoglycemia, otherwise the release of somatotropin will stop. You need to learn to vary the consumption of carbohydrate foods so that you still feel mild (!) hypoglycemia without the risk of transitioning into a hypoglycemic coma. In general, the diet, as with anabolic steroid treatment, should contain a sufficient amount of complete animal proteins. Therefore, to relieve hypoglycemia, it is more rational to take not pure carbohydrates in the form of sugar and jam, but a protein-carbohydrate mixture such as Baby food.

Due to the above features, insulin treatment is a very difficult task with a risk of complications and should be carried out under the supervision of qualified medical personnel.

The positive feature of insulin is that, being a strong anabolic agent, it can be used in both men and women without causing a virilizing effect. (Virilizing effect - the effect of androgens - increased hair growth on the face and body, deepening of the voice, etc.) Insulin practically does not cause side effects, with the exception of rare cases of allergies. It is better not to use insulin for obese people.

VII. Antihormonal drugs

Increasing the activity of sex hormones is possible not only by enhancing the work of the glands that produce them, but also by weakening the work of the glands that inhibit their production. In addition to male sex hormones, androgens, the male body produces a certain amount of female sex hormones, estrogens. Androgen production predominates, but it can become even stronger if the action of estrogens, which weaken androgenic effects, is blocked. Increased production of androgens leads, accordingly, to increased anabolic processes in the body, increased performance and muscle strength. The importance of suppressing estrogenic influences in the male body becomes clearer when we consider that estrogens block the effects of growth hormone and deplete growth hormone reserves in the pituitary gland.

To reduce the effect of estrogens on the body, blockers of estrogen receptors of cells are used, which reduce the sensitivity of cells to estrogens. The end result is that the effects of androgens are enhanced.

The following antiestrogenic drugs are produced in Russia.

1-Chloro-2-para(2-diethylaminoethoxy)-phenyl-1,2-diphenylethylene citrate.

Synonyms: Clostilbegit, chloranifen, ardomone, clomid, etc.

Release form: 10 mg tablets.

Take 1-2 times a day, 10 mg.

The course of treatment is from 1 to 4 months.

2-[para-(Diphenyl-l-butenyl)-phenoxy]-N,N-dimethylethylamine.

Synonyms: Zitazonium, Nolvadex, etc.

Release form: 10 mg tablets. Prescribe from 10 to 20 mg 2 times a day.

Course of treatment: 1-4 months.

In medicine, both drugs are used to treat breast cancer in women and impotence in men, because in addition to the direct antiestrogenic effect, both drugs have the ability to stimulate the synthesis of endogenous gonadotropins with a subsequent effect on the gonads (which mainly determines the anabolic effect of antiestrogens).

The negative side of anti-estrogenic drugs is a large number of side effects. Clomiphene citrate can cause nausea, diarrhea, dizziness, allergies, blood clots in blood vessels, and blurred vision. When using tamoxifen, gastrointestinal disorders, dizziness, skin rash, development of blood clots and changes in the retina of the eyes (at high doses) may occur. Both can cause testicular pain in men through overstimulation. Antiestrogens are generally contraindicated for women, except in cases of breast cancer and the treatment of anovulation.

VIII. Vitamins

This chapter discusses vitamin preparations that stand out among other vitamins for their anabolic effect.

In terms of anabolic activity, vitamins are of course inferior to such “big” anabolic steroids as anabolic steroids and insulin, however, they practically do not give side effects and can be used for quite a long time, which distinguishes them favorably from other drugs.

Calcium salt of D-(+) - pantothenic acid. Calcium pantothenate (PC) has a powerful anabolic effect. It is superior in anabolic effect to all other vitamin preparations.

Significantly reduces basal metabolism, which leads to a rapid increase in total body weight, as a result of a decrease in the proportion of oxidized proteins. Blood sugar levels decrease, which promotes the release of somatotropic hormone. The synthesis of acetylcholine increases, which enhances the tone of the parasypathetic nervous system, which helps to increase the strength of the neuromuscular system.

PC enhances the synthesis of steroid hormones and hemoglobin. PC is a drug with “economizing action”, because makes the body work more economically. Significantly increases overall endurance and load tolerance.

PC is involved in the most important reactions of energy transfer and phosphorus compounds. PC improves liver function and promotes the removal of toxins, alcohol, poisons, and medications from the body. Pantothenate has pronounced radioprotective properties, the release of radioactive substances from the body increases by 2 times.

In medicine it is used as a detoxifying, antiallergic, anti-inflammatory and tonic agent. Has a strong anti-stress effect. PC enhances the absorption of potassium ions from the intestine, which, along with enhancing the synthesis of acetylcholine, plays an important role in the process of enhancing muscle contraction. Available in tablets of 0.1 g. Daily doses from 0.4 to 2 g. PC is recommended during the period of maximum training loads and during the competitive period, as an anti-stress agent, primarily for people with increased anxiety.

The sedative (calming) effect of PC is enhanced when combined with vitamin U in equal quantities.

The presence of two methyl radicals (-CH3) gives the drug lipotropic properties and the ability to lower blood cholesterol levels.

D,L-N-(1-Carboxy-2-hydroxypropyl)-trimethylammonium chloride

Carnitine chloride (CH) has a significant anabolic effect. The anabolic effect of the drug is less pronounced than that of PC. CC reduces basal metabolism, as a result of which the breakdown of protein and carbohydrate molecules slows down. Causes a state of mild inhibition in the central nervous system. Increases the secretion of digestive juices - gastric and intestinal, and also enhances their digestive effect, resulting in improved absorption of food.

CC promotes the penetration of fatty acids through mitochondrial membranes. This mechanism underlies the increase in endurance under the influence of CH. In addition, CC promotes the breakdown of fatty acids. The fat-mobilizing effect of CC is also partly due to the presence of three labile methyl groups.

The ability of CH to “burn” adipose tissue is used to reduce excess weight and “dry” muscles. Carnitine helps eliminate post-exertional acidosis and, as a result, restore performance after prolonged debilitating physical activity.

CC increases glycogen reserves in the liver and muscles, promoting its more economical use.

Release form: 20% solution in 100 ml bottles.

Take 1-2 teaspoons two to three times a day.

In medical practice it is used mainly as a non-hormonal anabolic agent for children with underweight. In adults, it is used for chronic gastritis with low acidity. It is also a valuable tool for weight loss, as it “burns” fatty tissue without affecting muscle tissue. Effective for liver diseases, thyrotoxicosis, ischemic heart disease, neurasthenia.

(d,L-2-amino-4-(dimethylsulfonium) butyric acid chloride.

Vitamin U (methylmethionine sulfonium chloride) is a derivative of methionine, an essential amino acid. Therefore, the drug can be considered not only as a vitamin, but also as a crystalline amino acid.

Vitamin U improves digestion and normalizes the acid-forming function of the stomach: high acidity decreases, and low acidity increases. A valuable property of vitamin U is the presence of labile methyl groups that can easily be included in metabolism, thereby achieving fat-mobilizing and lipolytic effects. Blood cholesterol levels are reduced.

Recently, data have appeared on the effectiveness of vitamin U in endogenous depression (decreased mood) that cannot be treated with psychotropic drugs.

Vitamin U may be recommended as a mild anabolic agent for individuals with gastrointestinal disorders; for people with low mood; as well as a means of preventing fatty liver when using drugs such as insulin and nicotinic acid against the background of a high-calorie diet.

Release form: 50 mg tablets. Daily dose: from 100 to 600 mg per day.

Sodium 2,3-Dihydro-2-methyl-1,4naphotoquinone-2sulfonate

Vitamin K is a derivative of naphthoquinone. For a long time, vitamin K was used only as a means of increasing blood clotting by increasing the formation of prothrombin in the liver.

In recent years, its anabolic effect has been discovered: increased protein synthesis in the liver and muscles, healing of stomach and duodenal ulcers and wound healing effect.

Under the influence of vitamin K, collagen synthesis increases, which gives strength to ligaments and skin. It is possible that the ability to increase blood clotting is based on increased synthesis of short-lived liver proteins, where prothrombin is synthesized.

Vitamin K significantly enhances the functional activity of muscle tissue. As a result of the use of vitamin K, the activity of eosinophilic cells of the pituitary gland, secreting growth hormone, increases. In some cases, an increase in the number of hormone-producing cells is observed.

Vitamin K significantly improves bioenergy, improving oxidative phosphorus, ATP and creatine phosphate synthesis in muscles. In Russia, water-soluble vitamin K is produced under the name "Vikasol".

Release form: 15 mg tablets.

The drug is prescribed at 15-30 mg per day for 4 days. This is followed by a break of 3 days, after which the drug can be resumed. Long-term continuous use of the drug is undesirable due to an excessive increase in blood clotting. For the same reason, during treatment with Vikasol, it is necessary to control the blood clotting time so that there is no danger of blood clots forming in the vessels. In medicine, Vikasol is used in the treatment of a wide variety of bleeding and increased bleeding, for the treatment of liver diseases, for stomach and duodenal ulcers (especially bleeding ones), uterine bleeding, etc.

The drug is contraindicated in cases of increased blood clotting and thromboembolism.

Pyridinecarboxylic acid.

Nicotinic acid, introduced into the body in sufficiently large doses, improves redox reactions, shifting the balance towards restoration processes.

Vitamin PP enhances the effects of endogenous insulin with its inherent anabolic effect.

Under the influence of nicotinic acid, the content of serotonin in the body increases, which is a mediator of the parasympathetic nervous system and increases cell permeability to amino acids and energy substrates.

Nicotinic acid increases the acidity of gastric juice and its digestive ability, thereby improving the digestibility of food. At the same time, the speed of peristalsis of the gastrointestinal tract also increases and appetite increases.

Vitamin PP is part of enzyme systems that, to one degree or another, take part in the metabolism of all other vitamins, so the introduction of nicotinic acid significantly improves the overall vitamin balance of the body.

The anabolic effect of nicotinic acid occurs in doses several times greater than those used in normal medical practice. If nicotinic acid is usually prescribed in doses from 50 to 300 mg per day, then in order to enhance anabolism it is prescribed up to 3-9 g per day.

Such large doses can have significant side effects, so treatment with nicotinic acid should be carried out with caution. Nicotinic acid depletes the body of methyl radicals, which can result in fatty liver. To prevent this from happening, lipotropic agents must be prescribed simultaneously with nicotinic acid - methionine, vitamin U, choline chloride. The diet should contain a sufficient amount of cottage cheese.

At the beginning of treatment with nicotinic acid, immediately after administration (taking) of the drug, a sharp dilation of skin vessels with redness is observed, which lasts 10-20 minutes after administration. This reaction is especially pronounced when administered by injection. Due to the strong dilation of blood vessels, people prone to hypotension may experience a sharp drop in blood pressure, so after the injection they need to rest for 15-20 minutes in a supine position.

Release form: nicotinic acid tablets, 50 mg.

Ampoules of 1 ml of 1% solution: 10 mg per ampoule.

The regimen for using nicotinic acid depends on the form of release. Taking tablets starts with 100 mg per day and continues for several days until the body adapts and the skin redness reaction disappears. After this, the dose is increased by 100 mg per day and left at this level until the vascular reaction disappears. Thus, the dose is adjusted to 3 g per day.

Injections of nicotinic acid begin with 1 ml of 10% solution once a day and continue to be administered daily until the vascular reaction disappears. After the vasodilation reaction disappears, increase the dose by 1 ml, etc. The maximum dose is 15 ml of 1% solution. All injections are carried out once a day. Such large doses of nicotinic acid significantly reduce blood cholesterol and, taking into account the vasodilating effect, are prescribed for the treatment of atherosclerosis, obliterating endarteritis and other vascular diseases.

High doses of nicotinic acid lead to adrenal hypertrophy and significantly increase exercise tolerance. The course of treatment with nicotinic acid can last up to 2-3 months, after which a break is necessary.

Contraindications for the use of nicotinic acid are peptic ulcers of the stomach and duodenum, increased acidity of gastric juice, and fatty liver. In these diseases, treatment with nicotinic acid can cause an exacerbation reaction.

IX. Coenzymes.

Coenzyme- This is a vitamin derivative, the active form into which vitamins are converted when they enter the body. In some cases, the pharmacological effect of a coenzyme introduced into the body from the outside differs from the pharmacological effect of a vitamin. For example, vitamins B2 and B12 do not have anabolic activity as such, but their coenzymes - flavinate and cobamide - have pronounced anabolic activity.

P"- (Riboflavin-5") -P2 (adenosine-5") diphosphate disodium salt.

A derivative of riboflavin (vitamin B2).

Flavinate, or flavin adenine nucleotide, forms enzymes that are involved in the synthesis of amino acids, lipids and carbohydrates. Flavinate has an anabolic effect, improves the course of redox processes, normalizes cholesterol metabolism, enhances hemoglobin synthesis, and improves vision. For a growing organism, flavinate is an essential growth factor. Flavinate promotes the most complete breakdown of carbohydrates and increases the energy supply of the body during heavy physical work. In medical practice, flavinate is used in the treatment of degenerative processes, retinal diseases and glaucoma, chronic diseases of the liver, pancreas and intestines, some skin diseases, etc.

Release form: in ampoules of 3 ml. Each ampoule contains 0.002 g of the drug.

It is administered intramuscularly at 0.002 g 1 time per day.

Courses of treatment can last from 10 to 40 days. Breaks between courses of treatment are at least one month.

Coa-[a-(5,6-dimethylbenzimidazolyl)]-Cob-adenasylcobamide

Cobamamide is a derivative of vitamin B12, in contrast to which it has significant anabolic activity. The anabolic effect of cobamamide is associated with increased cell division processes and is especially pronounced in relation to rapidly dividing cells, such as bone nucleus cells.

The pharmacological effects of cobamide are largely associated with the presence in its molecule of labile methyl groups that can participate in synthetic processes, enhance the breakdown of cholesterol and the mobilization of fat.

Under the influence of cobamamide, the processes of synthesis of choline and endogenous carnitine are activated in the body. The anabolic effect of cobamide in children is stronger than in adults and is expressed in faster growth and faster weight gain.

In medicine, cobamamide is used to treat various types of anemia, diseases of the liver, stomach and intestines. Of particular note is the fact that the anabolic effect of cobamamide is realized through its interactions with folic acid, therefore, simultaneously with cobamamide, it is necessary to take folic acid in tablets of 0.001 g.

Cobamamide release form: ampoules of 0.5 and 1 mg of dry matter. Administer 0.5-1 mg intramuscularly once a day, pre-dissolved in 1 ml of solvent.

There are usually no side effects when using cobamide. Only occasionally, when using large doses, allergies and mild disturbances in night sleep occur, which quickly disappear after stopping the drug or reducing its dose.

X. Vitamin-like substances

The term “vitamin-like substances” refers to compounds whose activity is manifested in small doses, comparable to the doses of vitamins, but still significantly exceeding the doses of the latter.

All of them have a slight anabolic effect. But the slight anabolic activity is compensated by its relative harmlessness and low toxicity. Vitamin-like substances can be taken for a very long time as additional means to basic therapy with “large” anabolic steroids.

2,4-Dioxo-6-methyl-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydropyrimidine

Being a pyrimidine derivative, methyluracil can serve as a supplier of starting material for the synthesis of nucleic acids, thereby enhancing protein synthesis in the body. It should be noted that methyluracil exhibits the most powerful anabolic and anti-catabolic effect in relation to the gastrointestinal tract, and the overall anabolic effect of the drug is largely due to the improvement of intestinal trophism and strengthening of digestive processes.

In medicine, methyluracil is prescribed mainly to accelerate the healing of wounds, ulcers, chronic gastritis, liver diseases and decreased immunity. A characteristic feature of methyluracil is the ability to increase the content of leukocytes and red blood cells in the blood, and also have a slight anti-inflammatory effect in chronic inflammatory diseases.

Methyluracil has some fat-mobilizing effect; under its influence, the content of fatty acids in the blood decreases. This may be due to the presence of a labile methyl group. The cosmetic effect of methyluracil is noteworthy. When consumed in large enough doses, the skin becomes juicy and elastic.

Release form of the drug: tablets of 0.5 g. Daily doses from 2 to 9 g/day.

When methyluracil is prescribed, edema with increased pressure may occur as a result of retention of water and salts in the body, which disappear after reducing the dose of the drug. Methyluracil is contraindicated in malignant diseases of the bone marrow and blood system.

Potassium salt of uracil-4-carboxylic (ortic) acid

Like methyluracil, potassium orotate is one of the precursors of pyrimidine nucleotides that are part of nucleic acids that are involved in the synthesis of protein molecules.

Unlike metaluracil, which is destroyed in the liver (only its individual fragments are included in the nucleotides), orotic acid is included entirely in the pyrimidine nucleotides. Because of this, it has a stronger anabolic effect than methyluracil.

Indications for the use of potassium orotate in medicine include heart disease, increased physical activity, and chronic inflammatory diseases.

Unlike methyluracil, which has a fat-mobilizing effect, potassium orotate, on the contrary, promotes the synthesis of fats and can cause fatty liver, up to the development of fatty degeneration (fatty liver degeneration with an excess of orotic acid can be prevented or reversed by adding the vitamin to the diet E, choline, adenine.), which must be taken into account when prescribing the drug.

Release form: tablets of 0.5 g.

Daily doses: from 0.5 to 1.5 g per day.

Side effects when using potassium orotate practically do not occur, with the exception of rare cases of allergies.

Adenosine-5"-monophosphoric acid.

Phosphaden is a fragment of adenosine triphosphoric acid - ATP.

Phosphaden stimulates the synthesis of nucleotides, enhances redox processes, and serves as an energy supplier for protein synthetic processes in the body.

The drug has a pronounced vasodilating effect and lowers blood pressure.

Being a derivative of purine, phosphadene can serve as a starting material for the synthesis of nucleic acids. Phosphaden lowers the blood levels of lipids, fatty acids and b-lipoproteins. A special feature of the drug is its pronounced therapeutic effect in relation to liver diseases, as well as the ability to improve the energy metabolism of cells.

A pronounced detoxification effect of phosphadene is observed in lead poisoning.

In medicine, phosphadene is used for lead poisoning, acute intermittent porphyria, coronary heart disease, and liver diseases.

Release form: tablets of 0.025 and 0.05 g, 2% solution for injection.

(Daily doses of the drug when taken orally are 0.1-0.2 g/day. 2 ml of 2% solution are administered intramuscularly 2 times a day.

Courses of treatment are long-term, but caution is required in patients with gout (the level of uric acid in the blood may increase).

9-b-D-Ribofuranosylhypoxanthine

Like phosphadene, riboxin is a purine derivative and can be considered a precursor of ATP. Unlike phosphadene, it does not have an energy-rich phosphorus bond, therefore it is less effective as an anabolic and energetic agent. It is used for the same purpose and for the same indications as phosphadene.

Release form: 0.2 g film-coated tablets. Ampoules of 10 ml of 2% solution for intravenous administration.

Daily doses for oral administration range from 0.6 to 2.4 g. In the first days, take 0.6 g/day, then gradually increase the dose to 2 g/day.

When administered intravenously, 10 ml per day is first administered, then the total amount of the drug is adjusted to 20 ml 2 times a day.

(2-Hydroxyethyl)-trimethylammonium chloride

Choline chloride (XX) is a precursor of acetylcholine and can serve as a starting material for its synthesis. Therefore, the introduction of choline chloride into the body leads to a sharp increase in the activity of cholinergic structures, which leads to increased neuromuscular conductivity, increased muscle strength, increased intestinal motility, and increased anabolic processes in the body.

The special value of choline chloride lies in the fact that it is part of the phospholipid lecithin, which reduces cholesterol in the body and prevents the development of atherosclerotic processes.

Choline prevents and cures fatty liver degeneration of various etiologies due to the high content of labile methyl groups, improves kidney and thymus function. XX is involved in the construction of cell membranes and the formation of the membranes of nerve trunks. XX improves memory, increases thinking productivity and learning ability. XX is used for hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, atherosclerosis, and in the treatment of alcoholism as a general tonic.

Release form: 20% oral solution, powder. Ampoules with 20% solution, 10 ml. For intravenous administration, dilute to 1% solution.

The drug is taken orally 5 ml (1 teaspoon) 3-5 times a day. Up to 300 ml of 1% solution is administered intravenously by drip. The course of treatment lasts from 7 days to a month.

Side effects are usually observed only with rapid intravenous administration and manifest themselves in the form of a feeling of heat and nausea, a decrease in pressure (due to a sharp dilation of blood vessels).

XI. Nootropics

"Noos" - thinking. Nootropic drugs are a whole group of compounds used to improve memory, attention, logical thinking, mental performance and the strength of basic nervous processes. Some drugs from the group of nootropics have a pronounced anabolic effect and increase physical performance.

2-Oxo-1-pyrrolidinylacetamide

Piracetam was invented in Belgium in 1963. This drug began the era of nootropics, which exert their effect on the nervous system not by suppressing some reactions, but by completely improving all metabolic and plastic processes in the central nervous system.

Piracetam improves memory, mental performance, higher mental activity, concentration, etc.

Piracetam enhances the synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins in the body, which ultimately leads to a powerful increase in anabolism not only in the cells of the nervous system, but also in skeletal muscle fibers, liver cells, etc. As a result of increased protein synthesis, the body's restorative and adaptive reactions accelerate and physical performance increases.

The energy potential of cells increases due to increased ATP synthesis and their resistance to various unfavorable factors increases: intoxication, oxygen starvation, high temperatures, etc. The synthesis of phospholipids, which take part in the formation of cellular membranes and normalize cholesterol metabolism, is accelerated.

Piracetam has a beneficial effect on the structure of mitochondria - the main energy subunits of the cell, which underlies a significant increase in endurance and aerobic performance.

In medicine, the drug is prescribed to restore neuropsychic activity and performance after traumatic brain injuries, strokes, intoxications, neuropsychic breakdowns, etc. The drug is not only low-toxic, but in therapeutic doses it has a detoxification effect and helps eliminate toxic substances from the body. Piracetam is quite effective for depression, accompanied by lethargy, apathy, decreased mood and performance.

Release form: capsules of 0.4 g of piracetam; tablets 0.2 g; 5 ml ampoules of 20% solution.

In acute cases (traumatic brain injury; stroke, etc.), administer intramuscularly and intravenously starting at 4 g/day, and adding 2 g/day gradually increase the dose to 10 g/day.

For routine therapy, piracetam is prescribed orally starting from 1.2 g per day and, if necessary, increase the dose to 3.2 g per day.

The course of treatment can last from several days to a year and depends on the indications. The drug has virtually no side effects.

Calcium salt D-(+)-a,y, dioxy-b-b-dimethylbutyryl-aminobutyric acid Pantogam (P) is a derivative of pantothenic and gamma-aminobutyric acids.

The pharmacological properties of Pantogam are a symbiosis of the effects of pantothenic and gamma-aminobutyric acids (gamma-aminobutyric acid is an inhibitory mediator of the central nervous system).

Pantogam sharply reduces basal metabolism, causes a significant increase in body weight, increases the synthesis of acetylcholine and, as a result, muscle strength. Under the influence of pantogam, energy metabolism improves, mitochondria increase in size, and overall endurance increases.

Pantonam enhances inhibition processes in the central nervous system, reduces the body's need for oxygen and energy substrates. Pantogam enhances the synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins, increases the content of steroids in the body.

In terms of anabolic action, pantogam is superior to pantothenic acid, having, in addition to anabolic, also anticonvulsant and hypotensive properties. In medicine it is used for the same indications as piracetam, as well as in the treatment of convulsive seizures.

Release form: tablets of 0.25 and 0.5 g.

Single dose 0.5-1 g. Daily dose 1.5-3 g.

The course of treatment is from 1 to 6 months.

XII. Psychoenergizers.

Psychoenergizers are a relatively new group of medicinal substances. All drugs in this group are capable of increasing the strength and mobility of nervous processes, mental and physical performance. Only one drug of this group is produced in Russia.

b-Dimethylaminoethyl ester of para-chloro-phenoxy-acetic acid hadrochloride.

Acefen was discovered during the development of plant growth stimulants. The anabolic and psychostimulating effect of acephen is based on its ability to increase the choline content in the brain and peripheral nervous structures, which leads to increased activity of cholinergic structures. At the same time, the speed of nerve impulse transmission along the nerve trunks increases, and the synthesis of acetylcholine increases. Acefen has a highly beneficial effect on lipid metabolism, enhancing the synthesis of phospholipids in the brain, nerve cell membranes and liver. This mechanism underlies the significant improvement in memory with the use of acephen. Acefen reduces the content of lipofuscin in brain cells, which is an “aging pigment,” thereby exerting a “rejuvenating” effect on the central nervous system.

Release form: tablets of 0.1 g, yellow-coated. Bottles with 0.25 g of the drug. Prescribed orally 0.1-0.3 g 3 to 5 times a day. Intramuscularly prescribed 0.25 g per injection 1-3 times a day. Courses of treatment with acephen can last up to 3 months or more. As a rule, there are no side effects.

XIII. Antihypoxants

Antihypoxants are a class of compounds that increase the body's resistance to oxygen deficiency. Of this group of drugs, sodium axibutyrate attracts attention as a drug with a significant anabolic effect.

Sodium salt of y-hydroxybutyric acid

Sodium hydroxybutyrate is an exceptionally strong antihypoxant that protects the body from oxygen starvation in a rarefied atmosphere, during heavy physical exertion, in severe vascular diseases and damage to the respiratory system. The antihypoxic properties of hydroxybutyrate are associated with its ability to activate oxygen-free oxidation of energy substrates and reduce the body's need for oxygen. In addition, sodium hydroxybutyrate itself is capable of breaking down to produce energy stored in the form of ATP. Thanks to all these properties, sodium hydroxybutyrate is by far the most effective means for developing endurance.

The anabolic effect of hydroxybutyrate is expressed in enhancing synthetic processes in the body and slowing down catabolic processes. As a result of chronic administration of sodium hydroxybutyrate, the content of somatotropic hormone in the blood, as well as cartisol, significantly increases, and the content of lactic acid decreases significantly. Under the influence of hydroxybutyrate, hypertrophy of mitochondria and muscle fibers occurs, and the amount of glycogen in the muscles and liver increases.

Sodium hydroxybutyrate has a pronounced adaptive and anti-stress effect; in small doses it causes mild lethargy with elements of euphoria, in medium doses it causes sleep, and in large doses it causes anesthesia. Oxybutyrate is a powerful agent for non-specific adaptation to all extreme influences.

In medicine, sodium hydroxybutyrate is used as a sedative, anticonvulsant, anesthetic, and also as a sleeping pill. In intensive care practice, hydroxybutyrate is widely used as a means of increasing nonspecific adaptation and survival of seriously ill patients.

Release form: powder, ampoules of 10 mg 20% ​​solution; 5°/o syrup in bottles; 66.3% solution in bottles. Orally sodium hydroxybutyrate for course use is prescribed at 0.75-1.5 g 3 times a day. As a sleeping pill, up to 2 g per dose. In severe hypoxic conditions, it is administered intravenously at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight. To obtain induction anesthesia, up to 120 mg/kg is administered. As a side effect of the drug, a decrease in the level of potassium in the blood can be noted, which makes it necessary to appropriately adjust the diet and, in some cases, take potassium salts.

XIV. Crystalline amino acids

Some crystalline amino acids have noticeable anabolic effects and are used both isolated and in the form of mixtures. Only L-forms of amino acids have the ability to be included in the exchange. D-forms are not only not included in the metabolism, but can also have a toxic effect. In medical practice, only L-forms are used.

Glutamic acid is a non-essential amino acid and takes a very important part in nitrogen metabolism, because The bulk of non-essential amino acids pass through metabolic reactions through the stage of conversion into glutamic and aspartic acids. In other words, HA is an important starting material for amino acid synthesis in the body. Glutamic acid neutralizes ammonia, which, in combination with HA, forms glutamine, used for synthetic processes. HA stimulates oxidative processes, improves protein and carbohydrate metabolism, and improves energy supply to brain functions. HA helps increase the level of endogenous aminobutyric acid, whose effects are similar to those of hydroxybutyrate. The introduction of HA reduces the accumulation of lactic acid in the blood, eliminating post-exertional acedosis and increasing endurance. HA plays the role of a neurotransmitter in the spinal cord, facilitating the transmission of nerve excitation at synapses. GK promotes the synthesis of acetylcholine and ATP, as well as the transfer of potassium ions through cell membranes, which enhances the processes of muscle contraction.

The introduction of HA improves higher nervous activity, improves mood and activity. Glutamic acid has a pronounced detoxification effect in a wide variety of poisonings. In medicine, HA is used for diseases of the nervous system and poisoning.

Release form: tablets of 0.25 g. Daily doses from 1.5 to 10 g. Side effects are very rare and are expressed in the form of insomnia, agitation, vomiting. After discontinuation of the drug, they quickly disappear. The course of treatment can be long - up to 12 months or more. GK is contraindicated in febrile conditions. In Russia it is produced in its pure form, as well as in the form of potassium and magnesium salts.

Potassium aspartate + magnesium aspartate.

They make up the combined drug "Panangin", each tablet of which contains 0.158 g of potassium aspartate and 0.14 g of magnesium aspartate. A similar drug called “Asparkam” contains 0.175 potassium and magnesium aspartate. Panangin is also available in 10 ml ampoules. Aspartic acid takes an active part in amino acid metabolism, being the starting material for the synthesis of non-essential amino acids in the body. Aspartate increases the permeability of cell membranes to potassium and magnesium, which increases the activity of synthetic processes in cells and facilitates the process of muscle contraction. In the experiment, a mixture of potassium and magnesium salts of aspartic acid significantly increases overall endurance and activates anabolic processes in muscles.

In medical practice, panangin and asparkam are used for heart rhythm disturbances and coronary insufficiency. When taken orally, 2-4 tablets are prescribed 3 times a day. In case of acute disorders, panangin solution is administered intravenously, having previously dissolved 1 ampoule of the drug in 30 ml of solvent. The drug is contraindicated in cases of increased potassium levels in the blood and renal failure (both acute and chronic).

Histidine is an essential amino acid. When introduced into the body, it causes a significant increase in the secretion of somatotropic hormone. Histidine takes an active part in the synthesis of carnosine, a nitrogenous extractive substance in muscles, and improves nitrogen balance. Histidine improves liver function, increases gastric secretion and intestinal motor activity. Histidine improves immunity and reduces the impact of extreme factors on the body, and normalizes heart rate. In medicine it is used for peptic ulcers, gastritis, hepatitis, decreased immunity and atherosclerosis.

Histidine release form: 4% histidine hydrochloride solution in 5 ml ampoules for intramuscular administration. Prescribes 5 ml IM every day for 30 days. After a short break, the course of treatment can be repeated.

Methionine is an essential amino acid. Being the owner of a highly mobile methyl group (-CH3), methionine takes part in the synthesis of choline and phospholipids, participates in the formation and exchange of sulfur-containing amino acids, and stimulates the release of growth hormone. Methionine helps maintain the body's nitrogen balance, enhances the synthesis of steroid hormones, protects adrenaline from oxidation, and neutralizes many toxic products. Methionine slightly reduces the function of the thyroid gland and prevents the use of protein as an energy substrate.

When introduced into the body, methionine reduces the amount of neutral fat in the liver and reduces cholesterol in the blood. In medicine, methionine is used for diseases of the liver and pancreas, as well as in cases of poisoning, protein deficiency and dystrophy. Methionine is contraindicated in severe renal and liver failure, because in these cases, on the contrary, it is able to enhance the formation of toxic metabolic products.

Release form: tablets of 0.25 g. Take 0.5-1.5 g orally 3-4 times a day 0.5-1 hour before meals.

XV. Herbal preparations with anabolic effects

Herbal preparations, as a rule, have a weak anabolic effect, but in their performance-enhancing properties they can be superior to many synthetic drugs. Herbal anabolics have virtually no toxicity, are well tolerated, and have very few contraindications. They can be used either alone or with other anabolic agents to mutually potentiate their effects. The most important feature of the action of plant anabolics (PA) is their ability to increase the activity of the body’s own anabolic systems by potentiating the action of insulin, somatotropic and gonadotropic hormones. This is achieved by increasing the activity of the synthesis of cAMP, cGMP and other mediators that increase the sensitivity of cells to the body’s own hormones. cAMP, for example, increases the sensitivity of target cells to the action of endogenous growth hormone and insulin, enhancing the effects of the latter. All RA can be divided into two large groups: RA-adaptogens and RA with hypoglycemic action.

RA adaptogens are so called because, in addition to their anabolic effect, they have the ability to increase the body’s resistance to a variety of unfavorable factors: physical stress, hypoxia, toxins, radioactive and electromagnetic radiation, etc.

1. RA - adaptogens.

1) Leuzea safflower (maral root)

The plant grows in the Altai mountains, Western and Eastern Siberia, and Central Asia. Leuzea contains phytoecdysones - polyhydroxylated steroid compounds with pronounced anabolic activity. The introduction of Leuzea extract into the body enhances protein synthetic processes, promotes the accumulation of protein in the muscles, liver, heart and kidneys. Physical endurance and mental performance are significantly increased. With long-term use of Leuzea, a gradual expansion of the vascular bed occurs and, as a result, overall blood circulation improves. The heart rate slows down, which is associated both with an increase in the tone of the parasimatic nervous system and with an increase in the power of the heart muscle.

A distinctive feature of Leuzea is the ability to improve the composition of peripheral blood by enhancing mitotic activity in bone marrow cells. The content of red blood cells, leukocytes, and hemoglobin increases in the blood. Immunity increases. Leuzea is produced in the form of an alcohol extract from rhizomes with Leuzea roots, 40 ml in bottles. Take 1 time per day in the morning in a dose of 20 drops to 1 teaspoon.

Ecdysterone (Ratibol). It is a steroid compound isolated from Leuzea safflower. It has a pronounced anabolic and tonic effect. Release form: 5 mg tablets. Taken orally 5-10 mg 3 times a day.

Rhodiola rosea grows in Altai, Sayan Mountains, Eastern Siberia and the Far East. The pharmacological effects of golden root are due to the presence of substances such as rhodosin and rhodioliside. In some countries they are produced in pure form. A distinctive feature of golden root is its most powerful effect on muscle tissue. Increases muscle strength and strength endurance. The activity of the contractile proteins actin and myosin increases. The size of mitochondria increases.

Release form: alcohol extract from rhizomes with roots of Rhodiola rosea in 30 ml bottles. Take 1 time per day in the morning in doses from 5 drops to 1 teaspoon.

A distinctive feature of aralia is the ability to cause quite noticeable hypoglycemia (lowering blood sugar), exceeding in magnitude the hypoglycemia caused by other RA adaptogens. Since hypoglycemia in this case is accompanied by the release of growth hormone, taking Manchurian aralia causes a significant overall anabolic effect with a strong increase in appetite and weight gain. The pharmacological effects of aralia are due to the presence of a special kind of glycosides - aralosides A, B, C, etc.

Release form: alcohol tincture from the roots of Aralia Manchurian in 50 ml bottles. Take 1 time per day in the morning from 5 to 15 drops.

Saparal. The sum of ammonium bases of salts of triterpene glycosides (aralosides), obtained from the roots of Aralia Manchuria. Unlike tincture, aralia does not have such a strong hypoglycemic and anabolic effect. The property of the drug to excite the nervous system is more pronounced than that of aralia tincture. It improves overall performance quite well. Release form: 50 mg tablets. Take 1-2 times a day, 1-2 tablets.

Eleutherococcus senticosus contains a sum of glycosides - eleutherosides. Eleutherosides increase performance and enhance protein synthesis. Carbohydrate synthesis also increases. Fat synthesis is inhibited. The oxidation of fatty acids increases during physical work. The peculiarity of Eleutherococcus is its ability to improve color vision and liver function. Eleutherococcus is produced in the form of an alcoholic extract from rhizomes with roots, 50 ml each. Take from 10 drops to 1 teaspoon 1 time per day in the morning.

Ginseng root contains glycosides - panaxosides, which determine its hypoglycemic and anabolic effects. In terms of anabolic activity, ginseng is approximately equal to Eleutherococcus and, like Eleutherococcus, has the ability to potentiate the action of endogenous insulin. Available in the form of an alcohol tincture. Take 10-50 drops 1 time per day in the morning.

Distributed in Primorsky and Khabarovsk territories. The main pharmacological effects of lemongrass are due to the content of a crystalline substance - schisandrin. The characteristic features of Schisandra are a significant increase in performance, improved mood, and increased visual acuity. All these effects are due to the ability of Schisandra to improve nerve conduction, sensitivity of nerve cells and enhance excitation processes in the central nervous system. Release form: alcohol tincture of 50 ml in bottles. Take 10-25 drops 1 time per day (in the morning).

Grows in the Far East. Contains saponins, alkaloids and glycosides. It has a tonic and mild anabolic effect. The effectiveness of the general strengthening action is similar to ginseng. Available in the form of alcohol tincture of 50 ml. Take 30-60 drops 1 time per day.

Like eleutherococcus and ginseng, it stimulates performance and anabolic processes. Release form: alcohol tincture from plants in 25 ml bottles. Take 10-40 drops 1 time per day. It should be taken into account that the anabolic effect of RA adaptogens is realized only against the backdrop of training exposure, so they must be used against the backdrop of adequate physical activity. Since all of the above drugs have the properties of enhancing the processes of excitation and inhibition in the central nervous system, it is very important to be able to observe their correct dosage, as well as take the drug correctly during the day.

When prescribing RA adaptogens, it is necessary to take into account the dynamics of daily biorhythms and then it will be possible to enhance (synchronize) the latter. At the same time, incorrect prescription of drugs can cause disruption of daily biorhythms (desynchronization). As a guideline, it is necessary to take the daily excretion of catecholamines (catecholamines are biogenic substances that enhance excitation processes in the central nervous system and anabolic inhibition processes), which increases in the morning and reaches a maximum in the first half of the day.

Based on the fact that all RA anabolics have the ability to enhance the synthesis of catecholamines (CA), they must be prescribed strictly once a day in the morning so that the increased synthesis of CA fits into the morning rise. A physiological increase in the daytime rise in cholesterol levels leads to the same physiological increase in the nighttime decline in cholesterol levels, as a result of which, in persons taking RA according to the recommendations, higher performance during the day and deeper sleep at night are observed. You need to know that small doses of RA can have the exact opposite effect on the central nervous system of large doses. If large doses enhance the processes of excitation and give a surge of motor and intellectual activity, slight excitement during the day and sound sleep at night, then small doses, on the contrary, cause lethargy, limited activity, constant drowsiness, etc. For example: a single dose of 10 drops of alcoholic extract of Eleutherococcus in the morning causes severe lethargy during the day (this feature of RA adaptogens is used to treat neuroses, functional disorders of the central nervous system, etc.), but taking the same Eleutherococcus in a dose of 25 drops gives a strong activating effect . The alcoholic extract of Rhodiola rosea causes inhibition in a dose of 2-5 drops, and activation in a dose of 10 drops and above. Aralia Manchurian causes inhibition in doses of up to 6 drops, and a sharp activation from 7 drops and above.

Here it is necessary to make a reservation that each organism, due to the characteristics of the nervous system, reacts to treatment individually. There are people who, in order to obtain a stimulating effect, have to take RA not in drops, but in teaspoons or sometimes even tablespoons. And at the same time, we often see patients in whom just a few drops of a particular drug cause persistent insomnia. All doses given both in this manual and in other pharmacological references are highly arbitrary. Dose selection should be done individually, adding or subtracting a few drops of the drug every day. At the same time, you constantly monitor your own well-being.

Small doses for a given subject will cause lethargy, medium doses will cause activity in the first half of the day and drowsiness in the second, large doses will cause activity throughout the day and sound sleep at night, excessive doses will cause insomnia. By constantly monitoring your well-being throughout the day, you can choose the right dose of RA.

RA adaptogens, in addition to anabolic and ergotropic effects (ergotropic - increasing performance), have a number of unique properties: they increase the body’s resistance to radiation, cold, heat, lack of oxygen, stress factors, etc. RA adaptogens are a replaceable nonspecific general tonic. Significantly increases life expectancy. It should be remembered that all RA adaptogens, if their dose is overestimated, can cause persistent insomnia, nervous system excitement, palpitations, etc., therefore, the issue of dosage should be approached very carefully, constantly monitoring your well-being.

The bee products that will be discussed in this chapter have moderate anabolic activity, but they are practically harmless and have no contraindications, except for rare cases of allergies.

It is a secretion of the uterine glands of worker bees and serves as food for the larvae of the future queen. Since 1953, targeted studies of the properties of royal jelly have been carried out in experiments on animals, and since 1955 on humans. It was found that royal jelly is useful as a general tonic for patients who are exhausted and weakened after serious illnesses, as well as during aging. Such patients develop an appetite, gain weight, and become vigorous and cheerful.

Apilak (A) has anabolic, tonic, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, bactericidal, and antiviral effects. The anabolic effect of apilac is much stronger than the anabolic effect of methyluracil. Increases immunity, mental and physical performance. Apilak dilates the blood vessels of the heart, brain, etc. Has a stimulating effect on the central nervous system. Reduces high blood pressure and increases low blood pressure. Improves mood, sometimes causes euphoria. Enhances the synthesis of acetylcholine, which leads to increased muscle strength, and at the same time enhances the synthesis of adrenaline in the adrenal glands, which contributes to the development of endurance.

Under the influence of apilak, there is a significant increase in sexual function in men, which serves as the basis for prescribing it for impotence. Stimulation of the gonads is associated with an effect on certain centers of the hypothalamus. Apilak has also proven itself well in the treatment of menopausal disorders in women. Apilak has the most powerful effect on children. Children taking Apilak gain weight very quickly and their development accelerates. They become cheerful and mobile. Apilak has antitumor activity, the nature of which has not yet been fully elucidated. It is believed that 10-hydroxyA-decenoic acid contained in apilak has antitumor activity. Royal jelly improves lipid metabolism and significantly reduces cholesterol in the blood.

In Russia, apilaka tablets are produced - a preparation made from dried royal jelly. One tablet contains 10 mg of active substance. Take tablets strictly once a day in the morning. Since apilak is destroyed in the stomach, it is taken under the tongue, where it is absorbed, bypassing the gastrointestinal tract. The dosage is strictly individual. Like other drugs that excite the central nervous system, apilak in small doses can cause lethargy and drowsiness, in medium doses it can cause increased tone during the day and sound sleep at night, in excessive doses it can cause insomnia and agitation. It is worth noting that the stimulating effect of apilak is not accompanied by the appearance of anxiety and fearfulness; on the contrary, a shift in behavioral reactions goes towards the appearance of such character traits as aggressiveness and combativeness.

For some, a tonic dose is 20 tablets taken under the tongue in the morning, while for others, no more than 1 tablet. Royal jelly enhances the mineralocorticoid function of the adrenal glands, as a result of which the tissues become more elastic. Regardless of the dose used, apilak has a strong anti-stress effect. The following royal jelly preparations are produced abroad: apiserum (France), apifortil (Germany), longivex (Canada), lacapnis (Bulgaria), epirginol, phytadone, melcalcin (Romania). It should be noted that fresh royal jelly is more effective than dried royal jelly. Apigum chewing gum is produced in Romania. It contains pollen, honey, apilak, propolis, and extracts from medicinal plants. Royal jelly preparations cannot be used for diseases of the adrenal glands and acute infectious diseases.

Flower pollen is a concentrate of male reproductive cells of flowering plants. Therefore, a specific property of pollen is the presence of sex hormone activity. This hormone-like activity determines the presence of a powerful anabolic effect in pollen. In addition, it is a concentrate of amino acids and hormone-like peptides. Pollen contains growth factors that have a regenerating effect. The value of flower pollen is that it does not cause addiction or side effects and can be used for a very long time. Pollen is recommended by a number of the world's leading scientists to prevent decline in performance and aging. The pollen diet restores lost strength and promotes detoxification. It is used for anemia, lethargy, weakness, emaciation, prostatitis, impotence. As a result of the use of pollen, the amount of glycogen in the liver and skeletal muscles increases, and blood fluidity slightly increases.

In Sweden, a specific pollen preparation for athletes is produced - "Politabs-sport". Recommended for weightlifting and to speed up recovery in other sports. According to French scientists, pollen accelerates growth and weight gain in children and increases their appetite. Pollen never causes allergies or the formation of antibodies in the body. In Russia, pollen tablets weighing 0.4 g are produced under the name “Cernilton”. Take 2 tablets 3 times a day before meals under the tongue. Pollen is also available in granules. The minimum daily dose should be 2.5 g. You cannot take pollen orally because it is destroyed in the stomach by digestive juices, so it is taken only under the tongue, where it is absorbed into the blood, bypassing the gastrointestinal tract.

XVII. Actoprotectors

Actoprotectors (A) are a whole group of synthetic drugs that prevent the development of fatigue and increase performance. The direct anabolic effect of actoprotectors on muscle tissue is weakly expressed, however, they have a strong indirect effect, since they allow a sharp increase in loads, which give a direct anabolic effect. Under the influence of actoprotectors, the glycogen content in the muscles, liver and heart increases. The efficiency of tissue respiration increases. Actoprotectors, therefore, are anabolic steroids of indirect action.

In addition, by slightly reducing blood sugar levels, actoprotectors to some extent contribute to increasing the secretion of somatotropin. Actoprotectors improve memory, endurance, adaptation to lack of oxygen, and increase resistance to cold and heat. A are compounds that have an economizing effect, facilitating the completion of a certain amount of work with minimal costs. And they reduce the rate of working breakdown of proteins, fats and carbohydrates. At the same time, the rate of synthesis of short-lived proteins responsible for urgent adaptation of the body accelerates in the liver. In recent years, dozens of actoprotectors have been synthesized. All of them can be divided into 2 large groups: guanylthiourea derivatives and 2-mercantobenzimidazole derivatives.

So far, only one drug from the group of 2-mercantobenzimidazole derivatives, bemythyl, has entered into widespread clinical practice.

Available in 100 mg tablets. Prescribed from 2 to 4 tablets per day. Since the drug has the ability to accumulate in the body, it can be taken for no more than 6 days in a row, after which a 3-day break is taken, etc. Bemitil significantly increases overall endurance and body weight. Its effect is stronger, the higher the physical activity. The increase in performance under the influence of bemitil can reach 200%, especially when working in conditions of lack of oxygen. Bemitil increases resistance to high temperatures.

XVIII. Digestive enzymes

During high physical exertion, the body requires a fairly high influx of plastic and energy material from the outside. The digestive apparatus, unfortunately, does not always cope with the task assigned to it. Insufficient digestive capacity of the gastrointestinal tract can serve as a factor limiting the growth of muscle mass and performance due to relative protein and vitamin deficiency. To correct digestive processes, combined preparations containing digestive enzymes are used. Taking such drugs significantly improves digestion and promotes weight gain. Digestive enzymes can be taken either alone or in combination with other anabolic agents.

Contains three digestive enzymes: Lipase, which breaks down fatty acids; Amylase, which breaks down carbohydrates; Protease that breaks down proteins. Festal also contains bile acids, which improve the digestion of fats, stimulate the bile excretory and bile-forming functions of the liver, and increase the permeability of cell membranes. Hemicellulose, also present in the preparation, improves the maternal function of the stomach and intestines and binds toxic waste products of intestinal bacteria. Festal should be recognized as one of the most successful enzyme combination drugs that improve digestion.

Release form: pills. 1 tablet contains: Lipases - 6,000 ME. Hemicellulose - 0.050 g. Amylase - 4,500 ME. Bile components - 0.025 g. Protease - 300 ME. Take Festal 1-3 tablets during or immediately after meals. The number of doses of the drug depends on the number of meals.

Pancreatin

Combined preparation containing: Lipase - 100 units. Protease - 12,500 units. Amylase -12,500 units. Release form: pills. Prescribe 1-3 tablets before meals.

In addition to Festal and Pancreatin, there are other combination drugs containing digestive enzymes, but they should be considered less successful in composition and therefore less effective. In medical practice, digestive enzymes are used in persons with insufficient gastric secretion, insufficient pancreatic function, digestive disorders, atrophic gastritis, chronic colitis, and nutritional disorders. For persons with increased gastric secretion (high acidity), digestive enzymes are contraindicated, as they can aggravate disorders associated with increased aggressiveness of gastric juice.

Strengthening protein synthesis and the emergence of new structural units both in internal organs and in muscles requires a sufficient influx of building material from the outside. Such building material for the human body is food containing proteins. It is believed that the average person engaged in light physical work should receive from 70 to 100 g of protein per day, 70% of which should be animal proteins (meat, fish, eggs, dairy products). In people involved in athletic gymnastics and other sports that require an increase in muscle mass, as well as in patients recovering from serious illnesses, the need for protein is significantly increased and ranges from 120 to 150 g of protein per day. It has now been irrefutably proven that plant proteins, even those containing the necessary set of amino acids, are absorbed very poorly, so it is better not to take them into account. Poor absorption of vegetable protein is caused by several reasons:

1. Thick cell walls of plant cells, often resistant to digestive juices.
2. Difficulties in adequately grinding plant foods.
3. The presence of digestive enzyme inhibitors in some plants, such as legumes.
4. Difficulties in breaking down plant proteins into amino acids (even about 1/3 of animal proteins are not broken down. Some of the undigested proteins are absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract into the blood unchanged).

A high-protein diet itself has an anabolic effect. This is due to the fact that the intake of concentrated protein foods, such as meat, causes an increase in the level of somatotropic and gonadotropic hormones, as well as insulin. In order to stimulate the release of endogenous anabolic hormones, a diet with a protein content that significantly exceeds the body's daily requirement is used. The daily dose of protein can reach up to 200 g.

As we can see, protein food, in addition to its plastic function - providing building material for the protein structures of the body, also has a specific dynamic effect - the ability to enhance the release of endogenous hormones - anabolic steroids. The following products have the strongest specific dynamic properties in descending order: poultry, lean veal, hard-boiled eggs, low-fat cheese, lean fish.

It is precisely because of its specific dynamic action that meat is an indispensable product. It should be noted that an increase in the proportion of protein in the daily diet should be accompanied by a corresponding decrease in the proportion of fats (primarily) and carbohydrates. Fats and carbohydrates worsen digestion processes, reduce the proportion of proteins broken down into amino acids and reduce (up to complete disappearance) the specific dynamic effect of protein foods. Carbohydrates, for example, inhibit the release of growth hormone. This applies to a lesser extent to fats. Therefore, it is necessary to strive to consume protein and non-protein foods at different times of the day in different meals (separate meals).

For example: 1st breakfast - boiled meat. Afternoon snack - vegetables. 2nd breakfast - fruit. Dinner - eggs (6 without yolks) Lunch - poultry.

Compliance with the principles of separate nutrition will not only preserve the specific dynamic effect of protein foods, but also reduce intestinal intoxication, since when foods are consumed separately, the processes of protein putrefaction and carbohydrate fermentation in the intestines sharply decrease (and with sufficiently complete chewing, they completely disappear). With the use of anabolic drugs, the daily protein intake should be increased even more. For example: when using anabolic steroids (if their dose is not excessive), a sharply positive nitrogen balance arises and the required daily dose of protein can reach up to 300 g. It is better to exclude pure animal fats from the diet altogether, since a large number of protein products already contain enough a lot of fat. The same applies to the use of insulin, which causes the growth of not only muscle, but also fat tissue. Eliminating animal fats from the diet reduces the amount of fat synthesized in the body under the influence of insulin. Many leading athletes in Western countries completely refuse to consume sugar and any sweet products, rightly believing that the less sugar a person eats, the easier his working glycemia occurs during training and the stronger the release of somatotropic hormone.

Statements that a person cannot absorb more than 30 g of protein per meal are meaningless, since the number of meals per day, the time the food bolus is in the stomach, the time of protein digestion and its specific dynamic effect are not taken into account. A high-protein diet has long proven its effectiveness (taking into account the above points) during intense training that requires building muscle mass, as well as during recovery from long-term debilitating diseases. The diet necessary to remove fat from the body without compromising muscle mass deserves special discussion. In such a diet, an increase in the specific gravity of protein is combined with the complete exclusion of animal fats (lard, butter, sour cream, fatty meat, etc.), as well as sugar and starchy foods.

Of protein products, only lean meat and fish are consumed as sources of complete protein. Meat also contains a fairly large amount of carnitine, which promotes the breakdown and utilization of fatty acids. Carbohydrates are supplied to the body in the form of unsweetened fruits and non-starchy vegetables. Potatoes and cereals are excluded. Fruits should be consumed as acidic as possible, since the organic acids contained in them (malic, citric, succinic, etc.) have a highly beneficial effect on the body’s energy and contribute to more intense fat burning. First courses are excluded. It is difficult to follow such a diet only for the first week, then the body adapts and the need for animal fats, sweets and starches will completely disappear, as if all these products did not exist in the world.

This diet is highly effective in obese individuals and in individuals involved in athletic gymnastics during the “drying” of muscles during the competitive period. Loss of adipose tissue can reach 500 g per day. Carbohydrate deficiency never occurs with such a diet, since glucose synthesis actively occurs using subcutaneous and internal fat as the initial substrate. The effectiveness of the diet increases even more if you combine it with taking carnitine.

Nowadays no one doubts the necessary use of multivitamin preparations. Even the most complete and varied diet cannot provide a person with the necessary complex of vitamins. Many food products, in addition, contain antivitamins along with vitamins. Apples, for example, along with extracellularly located ascorbic acid, contain intracellularly located ascorbinase (an enzyme that destroys ascorbic acid). When chewing apples, ascorbinase comes into contact with ascorbic acid (cell destruction) and as a result, 70% of ascorbic acid is neutralized.

A fairly large number of multivitamin preparations are produced in Russia, the best of which today are Aerovit, Decamevit, Undevit, Gendevit, Kvadevit, Glutamevit. If possible, you should purchase multivitamin preparations such as “Supradin” (Switzerland) and “Unicap M” (USA).

Preference should be given to dosage forms in the form of dragees, when vitamins are layered on top of each other. As a result of the use of tableted forms, all vitamins are absorbed in turn and, in addition, each vitamin is absorbed in a certain part of the gastrointestinal tract as the tablets advance. This is absolutely necessary because many vitamins neutralize each other or compete at the site of absorption. For example, vitamin B12 has the property of destroying all other B vitamins, etc. Taking into account the above, you can understand why multivitamin powders and tablets, where the vitamins are simply mixed, do not have such a strong effect as pills, where the vitamins are layered on top of each other.

XX. Physiological stimulants of general anabolism

There are many physiological conditions that stimulate anabolism, and their judicious use can provide significant assistance both in sports and in the treatment of various diseases.

One of the most powerful means of enhancing anabolism processes is running. During running, a large amount of adrenaline is released into the blood, which is a physiological stimulator of the release of somatotropic hormone. An increase in the level of norepinephrine in the blood leads to an increase in the release of gonadotropic hormone. During running, the synthesis of cAMP increases significantly, which increases the sensitivity of cells to somatotropin and insulin.

Running hypoglycemia, in turn, increases the level of growth hormone in the blood. As a result of regular running training, the level of thyroid hormones in the body decreases, which is caused by an increase in the sensitivity of tissues to thyroid hormones. A decrease in the content of thyroid hormones leads to a slowdown in protein breakdown processes and a more economical use of energy resources. Running training is extremely effective as an anabolic agent and can be a good addition to pure strength training. The share of running training in the practice of weightlifters is limited by the level of general fatigue, which can affect the main training. Therefore, you need to find a reasonable combination of strength and running training, very carefully increasing the amount of the latter as adaptation develops.

As a rule, weightlifting training ends with running, which reduces the fatigue of the nervous system caused by strength training. As for the treatment of any diseases, running is an exceptionally strong non-specific general tonic that improves health in any disease. It is believed that daily jogging of 5 km or more guarantees a high level of health and compensation for any chronic disease.

2. Short-term fasting.

Short-term fasting - no more than 24 hours - is a strong stimulator of the release of somatotropic hormone, the level of which remains elevated for some time after the start of feeding. As a result, in the days following the day of fasting, a small weight loss is completely compensated, and in the next day supercompensation occurs - the amount of structural proteins in the body is slightly higher than that before fasting.

Short-term fasting used for anabolic purposes is carried out without preliminary cleansing of the intestines. Once every 7 or 10 days. Daily fasting means a 24-hour break between two meals. For example: from dinner to dinner, or from breakfast to breakfast. During fasting, you can drink alkaline mineral waters to suppress the feeling of hunger. The first meal after a daily fast should not contain a large amount of protein, otherwise persistent stimulation of the nervous system and sleep disturbance will develop. The amount of certain products in the recovery period, which also lasts 24 hours, is determined empirically. The products are the same as usual, but in reduced quantities.

Adaptation to cold stress promotes protein synthesis in the body and increases muscle strength. It is for this reason that all outstanding weightlifters come from northern countries. As a result of adaptation to cold, the tone of the parasympathetic nervous system increases with increased synthesis of acetylcholine, which is the main mediator of the neuromuscular system. At the same time, the levels of adrenaline and norepinephrine increase. The level of cAMP and other hormonal signal intermediaries increases. The content of thyroid hormones decreases due to increased tissue sensitivity to them. All of the above effects lead to increased anabolism. The most important condition for the body’s adaptation to cold is the frequency of cold exposure. Hardening procedures are carried out no more than once a day. The duration of the procedures is strictly limited. The procedure lasts from a few seconds to 3 minutes. Prolonged exposure to cold, even of moderate intensity, leads to a negative effect on metabolism and the development of catabolic effects. Hardening procedures, like running, have proven themselves very well in the treatment of a wide variety of diseases, incl. and not amenable to treatment with conventional medicinal methods.

4. Hypoxic breathing training (HBT).

It is based on a wide variety of exercises aimed at creating conditions in the body of a slight lack of oxygen and excess carbon dioxide. Adaptation to hypoxia (lack of oxygen in tissues) and hypercapnia (excess CO2 in tissues) is accompanied by increased anabolism and slower catabolism. At the same time, the percentage of fat in the body decreases and performance increases sharply. One of the simplest exercises included in the GDT is holding your breath, which must be done 3 times a day for 5 holds with a break of 1-3 minutes.

A series of holds performed after a hard workout reduces fatigue by at least 30%. Of particular note is the body’s rejuvenation reaction, which occurs after 2 months of HDT training. Knowledge of some patterns of normal physiological reactions in the body can provide significant assistance in training and the use of medications aimed at enhancing anabolism.

5. Dosed pain effect.

Dosed pain has been used since ancient times as a powerful therapeutic agent when all other methods of treatment are ineffective, as well as for religious reasons (self-flagellation). The general mechanism of action of a variety of methods of therapeutic pain treatment is to enhance the synthesis of endorphins, endogenous compounds similar to morphine. In addition to the analgesic and euphoric effects, endorphins can stimulate anabolism, delay catabolism, and also reduce blood cholesterol and burn excess fat. In addition, endorphins contribute to a speedy recovery of performance after exhausting physical activity.

The most common methods of pain.

1) Stretching exercises.

The difference between these exercises and ordinary stretching exercises is that in this case it is necessary to achieve moderate pain.
2) Multi-needle bed (Kuznetsov Applicator, etc.)
3) Acupuncture using a multi-needle hammer.
4) Treatment of various surfaces of the body with D'Arsonvay's spark.
5) Strong, pressing massage and whipping with a broom in the bathhouse.
It is preferable to use pine brooms with hard, sharp needles, as well as nettles. The dosage of pain is always selected strictly individually. You need to be very careful to ensure that the impact does not become stressful. As endorphins are released, pain sensitivity is dulled, which makes it possible to increase the pain load towards the end of the session.

XXI. Drugs that improve liver function

The liver performs many vital functions in the body. Blood proteins, as well as some muscle proteins, are synthesized in the liver. Growth hormone does not act directly on tissues. Under the influence of somatotropic hormone, a special kind of intermediaries are formed in the liver - somatomedins, which are growth factors. In the liver, glucocorticoid hormones are broken down, which have a catabolic effect, increasing protein breakdown and inhibiting its synthesis.

In a diseased liver, androgens can be converted into estrogens, having a catabolic effect instead of an anabolic one. From all of the above, it becomes clear how important it is to maintain good liver condition for the normal course of anabolic processes.

Many anabolic steroids exhibit toxic effects on the liver. Therefore, when taking any “strong” anabolic drugs (primarily this applies to anabolic steroids), two conditions must be met:

1. The initial state of the liver before taking anabolic steroids should be ideal.

2. Simultaneously with taking anabolic steroids, it is necessary to take drugs that improve liver function.

If both of these conditions cannot be met, then hormonal and hormonally active drugs cannot be used (the exception is insulin, which is used for many liver diseases). You will have to make do with vitamins, herbal preparations and bee products. It is also possible to use L-forms of amino acids, actoprotectors and some psychotropic drugs (piracetam, for example, not only does not have a negative effect on the liver, but on the contrary, has hepatoprotective and detoxification properties).

In Russia, the following drugs are available that improve liver function:

Synonyms: karsil, silibinin, silymarin, etc.

It is a flavonoid substance isolated from the milk thistle plant.

Has a very strong hepatoprotective effect. Stabilizes liver cell membranes and improves intracellular metabolism, improves digestion.

Used in the treatment of all liver diseases without exception. When hepatic pain syndrome occurs while taking anabolic steroids, it has the fastest therapeutic effect, which is expressed in the disappearance of pain and jaundice. (Anabolic steroids, of course, should be discontinued.)

Legalon slightly increases overall endurance, as the liver begins to break down lactic acid better. The drug binds toxic free radicals and reduces inflammatory reactions in the liver. Form of release: tablets containing 35 mg of the drug. From 3 to 18 tablets are prescribed per day, depending on the severity of the process. For preventive purposes, simultaneously with anabolic steroids, 4 tablets are prescribed 3 times a day.

2. Silibor

It is somewhat inferior in effectiveness to legalon. The indications and mechanisms of action of the drug are similar to Legalon.

Release form: film-coated tablets, 0.04 g each.

Prescribe 2-6 tons per day.

3. Essentiale. Essentiale is a complex drug. Contains phospholipids that improve the condition of cellular membranes and vitamins - B1, B6, nicotinamide, pantothenic acid.

Along with Legalon, Essentiale is one of the most effective drugs for the treatment of liver diseases. In case of fatty liver, the effectiveness of Essentiale is especially high. In addition to improving metabolism in the liver, the drug has a beneficial effect on the cardiovascular system and reduces cholesterol levels in the blood.

Release form: ampoules of 5 and 10 ml for intravenous administration; capsules.

Prescribed in acute cases (for poisoning) 10-20 ml per day intravenously.

For long-term treatment, 2 capsules are prescribed 3 times a day.

4. Flamin.

Dry concentrate of immortelle (tsmina) sandy. Contains the amount of flavones.

Release form: 50 mg tablets.

Prescribe 1 tablet 3 times a day before meals.

Drugs such as Liv-52, holosas, rosano and convaflavin are ineffective. Currently, the use of drugs that improve liver function from plants such as tansy, rosehip cinnamon, immortelle, hibinus, parsley, chives, caragana, etc. is at the stage of experimental development.

In folk medicine for liver diseases, the following plants have long been used: common barberry, capitula officinalis, sow thistle, common loosestrife, multi-veined waterweed, European bathwort, common toadflax, navel, etc.

Aerobic exercises such as running, swimming, rowing, etc. have a very good effect on the liver. Their therapeutic effect may exceed the therapeutic effect of medications (unless, of course, we are talking about a chronic disease rather than an acute one).

Conclusion

The number of drugs with anabolic effects is constantly growing. Using a scientific approach, knowing the general patterns of action of anabolic drugs and some of their particular features, each person can choose for himself the remedy that is most acceptable to him at the moment. This takes into account age, the presence of certain diseases, etc.

When using synthetic drugs with hormonal activity, one should, if possible, foresee their side effects and try to correct them. So, for example, to neutralize the harmful effects of anabolic steroids on liver tissue, it is necessary to simultaneously prescribe drugs that improve liver function: multivitamins, cobamide, choline chloride, etc.

It is necessary to make the most of the physiological reactions of increased anabolism that occur during running, hardening, hypoxic respiratory training, short-term fasting (no more than 24 hours), dosed pain, etc. It should be remembered that the same remedy can not only help, but also cause harm if used in the wrong place, at the wrong time and in moderation. Remember that for a healthy person the best anabolic agent is physical training!

Steroids are a scary word. Their illegal production, storage, distribution, and sometimes use are criminal offenses. ? Is there any benefit? Are there legal analogues? In this article we will talk about anabolic steroids for muscle growth.

Anabolic steroids are primarily medical drugs. They were synthesized on the basis of testosterone and growth hormone in the 30s of the last century and immediately won the love of doctors. The medicine began to be used to treat a wide range of diseases.

Note! At that time, steroids were considered a completely harmless drug. They also could not detect it in any biological fluid.

Later, veterinarians became interested in them - with their help it was possible to significantly increase the strength and endurance of horses. You can probably already guess what this led to?

Yes, coaches and athletes also became interested in steroids. At first, doctors had nothing against it, but athletes began to completely exceed modest dosages. In the 60s, doping became a real plague, affecting bodybuilders left and right.

How do anabolic steroids work?

Anabolic steroids are artificial testosterone. The latter determines male sexual characteristics: abundant hair, deep voice and great muscle strength. It accelerates muscle protein synthesis and reduces the amount of cortisol, allowing a person to exercise longer. They are also used to preserve muscle fibers while drying the body.

Note! A woman's body also produces testosterone. It is responsible for bone strength, skin condition and even good mood.

With the help of steroids, an athlete incredibly speeds up metabolism, which is so necessary for building new tissue.

Forms of release of drugs

Anabolic steroids are taken orally or by injection. Depending on this, they are produced in tablets, syrups, bottles or ampoules. A little about the form of admission:

• Oral. Convenient, but toxic - it hurts the liver. In addition, some people simply cannot stand injections.
• Injectable. A less pleasant, but more effective form of taking steroids. The result appears within a few days after use.

Positive properties of anabolic steroids

What effect does an athlete who uses anabolic steroids get? Essential. With their help, you can increase the effectiveness of your training by 3-4 times:

• . Anabolic steroids increase protein synthesis, muscles grow by leaps and bounds. Of course, only with intense training and a protein diet.
• Increased physical strength. Strength characteristics grow due to the same thing as muscles. Partially due to increased physical strength, weight gain occurs.
• Increased endurance. Anabolic steroids reduce cortisol production and increase creatine phosphate production. Thanks to this, the training can last many times longer.
• Dulling of inflammatory processes. Reduce joint pain, allowing you to train despite it (dubious advantage).
• Reduction of fat layer. Fatty acids begin to be used for energy production during strength exercise.

All these effects are especially attractive in bodybuilding. Anabolic steroids allow athletes to gain significant muscle mass and promote fat burning.

Side effects of anabolic steroids

As a rule, athletes are not inclined to talk openly about the side effects of anabolic steroids. However, we know enough about it. Many drugs affect the condition of the skin, reproductive function, sexual characteristics, blood vessels and the heart and liver.

More about side effects

People who abuse drugs experience:

• Mood changes. A person may feel inadequately happy or, on the contrary, become depressed.
• Problems with the epidermis. Swelling and pimples appear on the skin.
• Liver dysfunction. Liver swelling often develops.
• Increased estrogen production. Leads to breast enlargement - undesirable for men. You can reduce production only with the help of other (anti-estrogenic) steroids - Tamoxifen Nolvadex.
• Problems with the heart and blood vessels. Anabolic steroids increase blood volume, levels of “bad” cholesterol and increase blood pressure. The risk of heart attack and coronary heart disease increases.
• Drug addiction. Many anabolic steroids are addictive, strong physiological and psychological dependence.
• Reproductive dysfunction. For men, this means a decrease in sperm production by the testicles and infertility; for women, it means a reduction in the mammary glands and problems with the menstrual cycle.

Note! Women also receive other unpleasant effects: a lot of body hair, a deepening of the voice, actual breast reduction due to the reduction of the mammary glands.

Victims of steroids

Many bodybuilding stars have become victims of steroids. Some used doping to quickly gain muscle mass, some to reduce inflammation and increase endurance. Here are just a few famous bodybuilders who suffered due to dangerous drugs:

Ray McNeil is a Jamaican bodybuilder, Olympia competitor and steroid addict. He was shot and killed by his wife while in a fit of “steroidal rage.” A state in which a person does not control himself. At the trial, it turned out that Ray regularly beat his wife and forced her to have perverted sex.

Mike Mentzer is a winner of the Mr. Athletics and Mr. Olympia competitions. The bodybuilder's heart was exhausted by a course of steroids. The man was “finished off” by morphine, which Mike took to numb the constant pain. The cause of death was a heart attack.

Andreas Münzer is a “man without skin.” He became famous for having the leanest figure among bodybuilders of the 90s. He often starred in sports nutrition advertisements and posed at social events. Steroid and diuretic drugs led to liver failure, dehydration, zero immunity and cardiovascular diseases. Died from internal bleeding.

Classification of anabolic steroids

Despite the fact that in everyday speech we understand steroids as anabolics, this group includes all drugs that increase protein synthesis in the body (including non-steroidal ones). We will talk more about what they are and what they are below.

Non-steroidal anabolics

Non-steroidal anabolizers are included in any sports nutrition. These are amino acids, vitamins and nootropics. They improve metabolism, promote rapid restoration of muscle tissue and its growth. Popular non-steroidal anabolics are:

• Ecdisten – contains the active ingredient, lavzea safflower. Produced on the basis of natural ingredients.
• Carnityl hydrochloride - stimulates protein synthesis, accelerates muscle regeneration, increases mental activity (often prescribed for Alzheimer's disease).
• Safinor - used for exhausting physical activity and training in the mountains. The pharmaceutical drug is made on the basis of a medicinal plant - Manchurian aralia.

Yes, compared to steroidal anabolics, non-steroidal ones have a very weak effect. But they are more beneficial than harmful to your health. The side effect is most often limited to allergies.

Non-steroidal anabolic steroids include some preventive and medicinal drugs. For example, methionine, bemityl or vitrum antioxidant. The latter contains vitamins A, C, E, beta-caratine, zinc oxide, etc.

Note! If a drug contains vitamins, this does not make it safe! For example, neurorubin, which contains important B vitamins, has many contraindications. The product is used to reduce pain symptoms and neuralgia.

Drugs with metabolic effect

• (used in medicine for diabetics). It increases the sensitivity of insulin receptors and accelerates the process of glucose consumption by muscles. It also promotes the oxidation of fatty acids, suppresses hunger and fat synthesis. Therefore, it is often used for weight loss.
• Triiodothyronine is a drug containing a synthesized analogue of the thyroid hormone - hydrochloride. Accelerates protein, carbohydrate and fat metabolism, leading to weight loss. The drug is often used by fitness models to look thin without counting calories every day.
• Saltos (saltosis) – increases body temperature and speeds up metabolism. Attention! Taken to treat bronchial asthma, it can provoke the development of diabetes.

Some drugs and substances belong to sports pharmacology, but do not have an anabolic effect: asparkam, vinpocetine, trimetazine (trimetazidine), calcium glycerophosphate, cytomac or cytochrome c, riboxin or inosine, pentoxifyline, methyluracil, etc.

Such drugs can help with training and recovery after it, but are not directly associated with an increase in muscle mass. Most often taken together with anabolic steroid drugs and sports supplements.

Note! The use of pharmaceutical anabolic steroids and medications has many side effects. Many of them are not sold without a doctor's prescription and are considered doping (prohibited for use in competitions). For example, clenbuterol or mildronate.

Anabolic steroid

Doping drugs that are produced on the basis of a synthesized male hormone - testosterone (more precisely, its analogues). They cause numerous side effects, which we wrote about above. Among them: Winstrol, Sustanon, Nandrolone, Methandrostenolone and others.

Note! We understand that the media has “demonized” the image of steroids. Of course, in reality everything is not so bad. However, their negative impact on the human body cannot be denied.

How to cleanse the body after a course of steroids?

To overcome addiction, minimize and prevent side effects from a course of steroids, you need to cleanse the body. The process will take you 4-6 weeks (depending on how long you have been taking them).

Let's get off the hook

Let us immediately stipulate that you will not be able to stop taking steroids in one second. This is fraught with even more serious hormonal disorders, physiological and psychological problems. Proceed as follows:

• Slowly begin weaning off highly androgenic (strong) steroids. In 3-4 weeks, completely eliminate them by switching to lighter analogues.
• For the next 3-4 weeks, try to get rid of soft drugs. Start using Proviron.
• Take a course of gonadotropin to restore testicular function.
• Afterwards - a course of Primobolan.

Don't skip protein shakes or protein foods while you are coming off steroids. On the contrary, increase your protein intake.

Restoring liver function

Hepatoprotectors will help us with this: Essentiale Forte, Legalon or Karsil, Hepatostan, etc. To normalize liver function, you can eat pumpkin seeds and artichokes.

Homeopathic preparations for normalizing liver function contain cassia, celandine, cinchona, yarrow and much more. So, do not use homeopathic medicines or what they are made from.

Note! The degree of dilution of the active substance in a homeopathic medicine is so high that it simply will not work. And many medicinal plants have undesirable effects. The same yarrow increases the likelihood of blood clots. This is generally inappropriate for a person who has just used steroids.

Restoring the cardiovascular system

To restore the cardiovascular system, we will need cardioprotectors: lipoflavone, quercetin, corvitin, vitamins C and E, potassium and magnesium.

Cardioprotectors regulate the supply of oxygen to the myocardium. Their effectiveness is low, the course is very long (starting from several months). Maral root or Leuzea safflower will help to partially normalize the state of the circulatory system.

Legal form of anabolic steroids

There are many pharmacological drugs that increase endurance and accelerate muscle growth. They belong to the non-steroidal anabolic steroids that we wrote about above:

• Diabeton CF. Stimulates insulin production and is prescribed for diabetics. Used in bodybuilding as a non-steroidal anabolic. Acceptable dosage is 30 mg.
• Agapurin. Improves microcirculation in muscle tissue, dilates blood vessels. Contraindicated in case of heart disease, previous heart attack or predisposition to it.
• Liv 52 – has an anabolic and anti-inflammatory effect, reduces the likelihood of side effects from taking other drugs (according to the manufacturer).
• Alvezin – stimulates protein metabolism, contains amino acids: arginine, alamin, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, etc.

Do not buy drugs that are not officially used in sports pharmacology. Be wary of medications that can alter hormonal levels and disrupt the balance of androgen and estrogen. Corticosteroids are not one of them. They contain hormones produced by the adrenal cortex.

Completely avoid products that contain testosterone ester. Instead, it is better to use medicinal herbs that are “natural” anabolic steroids. For example, golden root or pink radiola.

If you are determined to use anabolic steroids, use “soft” drugs. For example, Nandrolone. It is relatively safe and has virtually no side effects if the dosage is observed.

In this case, use our tips:

• Don't delay your appointment. Limit course time to 6 weeks.
• Start with a reduced dosage (3 tablets per day) and gradually increase it to 6 closer to the middle of the course. After this, begin to reduce the dose back.
• Increase your nutrition. To get the effect you need to consume more calories than usual.
• Train! Otherwise there will be no effect.

Note! It is better to increase the rate of creation of androgen receptors than to increase the dose of testosterone. To do this, use protein and regular strength exercises.

Do you have any questions?

Now you know what anabolic steroids are, what their benefits and harms are, what they are like and what they can lead to. If you really decide to try it, do everything to minimize side effects and possible harm to health. Try to use non-steroidal drugs.

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